In recent years,lead poisoning has gradually become an important public health issue.Usually,children are facing a chronic low-level environmental lead exposure.The damage of lead for children is a dose-effect continual process,involving in nerve,blood,digestive,urinary,immune,endocrine and many other systems,and can affect children's growth.The recent researches on children lead poisoning were reviewed and the biological markers of lead poisoning,detection method of lead in vivo,clinical diagnosis,interventions and models in vitro and in vivo in studies of lead poisoning were summarized.This article would offers scientific researchers effective and convenient scientific basis for further study of the lead toxicity.