1.Aberrant Behavior Associated with Opioid Analgesic in a Patient with Lymphoma after the Disappearance of a Tumor Causing Pain: Case Report
Ayano Taniguchi ; Chul Kwon ; Akiko Yamashiro ; Toyoshi Hosokawa
Palliative Care Research 2016;11(3):548-552
More patients are now surviving cancer thanks to early diagnosis and improved treatment. Chronic pain in cancer survivors is problematic and the risk of chronic therapy with opioids includes abuse or addiction. We describe a patient with lymphoma whose behavior became aberrant while under treatment with opioid analgesics to manage anxiety after a painful tumor disappeared. Using opioid analgesics to manage emotional distress rather than pure physical pain has been defined as chemical coping, which is considered as an early stage of abuse or addiction. Knowledge of opioid analgesics and aberrant drug-related behaviors is necessary to manage chronic pain in cancer survivors.
2.Discussion about 2 cases of intractable headache from brain tumor in which opioids were effective and a hypothesis regarding the underlying mechanism
Keiko Onishi ; Toyoshi Hosokawa ; Takuji Tsubokura ; Keita Fukazawa ; Hiroshi Ueno ; Chul Kwon ; Akiho Harada ; Madoka Fukazawa ; Akiko Yamashiro ; Ayano Taniguchi ; Kiyohiko Hatano ; Moegi Tanaka ; Arisa Nakasone ; Megumi Okada
Palliative Care Research 2015;10(2):509-513
Headaches caused by metastatic brain tumors result from dural tension and traction of the sites of nociceptive nerves that originates from displacement of cerebral vessels and intracranial hypertension caused by the tumor. Causes of such headaches also include meningeal irritation resulting from intrathecal dissemination of tumor and carcinomatous meningitis.Treatment of headaches resulting from intracranial hypertension involves alleviation of cerebral edema and reduction of intracranial pressure using hyperosmolar therapy and steroid administration, but treatment is often complicated by a lack of pressure reduction. We encountered 2 cases of headaches with intracranial hypertension that did not improve following hyperosmolar therapy and steroid administration, but resolved with increased opioid dose.In cases where intracranial pressure does not decrease, or for headaches attributed to direct stimulus of intracranial nociceptive nerves rather than intracranial hypertension, attempts to treat the patient with initiation or increased dosage of opioids may prove effective from a clinical standpoint.