1.A summary of the clinical practice guidelines for the management of patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease in Myanmar
Than Than Aye ; Tint Swe Latt ; Khin Mg Lwin ; Win Win Kyaw ; Myint Soe Win ; Moe Wint Aung ; Ko Ko ; Thein Myint ; Yin Yin Win
Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies 2013;28(2):114-125
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) broadly encompasses vascular diseases caused primarily by atherosclerosis and thromboembolic pathophysiologic processes that alter the normal structure and function of the aorta, its visceral arterial branches, and the arteries of the lower extremity. The aims of the Myanmar clinical practice guidelines for the management of patients with PAD are to assist physicians in selecting the best management strategies for an individual patient with peripheral artery disease with main focus on lower extremity artery disease (LEAD) due to atherosclerosis, to help the physician to make decisions in their daily practice, and to aid in appropriate referrals to specialists. Early detection and treatment guidelines for the treatment of PAD are important to reduce the morbidity and mortality of patients with vascular problems in Myanmar.
Peripheral Arterial Disease
;
Practice Guideline
;
Myanmar
2.The impact of stressors on the learning outcome of highfidelity patient simulation in undergraduate medical students
Nachiappan Murugavadigal ; Bikramjit Pal ; Aung Win Thein ; Htoo Htoo Kyaw Soe ; Sudipta Pal
The Medical Journal of Malaysia 2020;75(3):209-215
Introduction: Simulation of the clinical setting incorporates
an educational approach connecting a learner to a particular
environment of learning. Undergraduate students in the
health sector experience anxiety during simulation that
influences their performance which ultimately affects their
learning outcome. This study attempts to correlate the
impact of stressors on learning outcome of high-fidelity
patient simulation (HFPS) in undergraduate medical
education.
Objective: This research is to analyze the impact of
stressors and its relevance on the learning outcome of HFPS
as a teaching-learning tool for the management of
emergency surgical conditions including trauma.
Materials and Methods: This study is a Quasi-experimental
time series design. A total number of 347 final-year
undergraduate (MBBS) students of Melaka-Manipal Medical
College, Malaysia. They were grouped and assessed
individually by pre-test and post-tests on their knowledge,
performance and associated stressor scores. The one-way
repeated measure of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was
used to determine the statistically significant differences in
total score at pre-test simulation and post-test-simulation
sessions. Friedman test was used for assessment of
individual components of stressors. Pre-test and post-tests
scores were compared to note progress in confidence and
stress reduction. P value <0.001 was considered statistically
significant.
Results: ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc analysis showed
a statistically significant (p <0.001) difference in stressor
score over time. The drop-in stress was significant initially
but flattened out later.
Conclusion: Stress significantly decreased as the students
were exposed to more sessions of HFPS which ultimately
translated into better learning outcome.
3.Effect of COVID-19-restrictive measures on ambient particulate matter pollution in Yangon, Myanmar.
Win-Yu AUNG ; PAW-MIN-THEIN-OO ; Zaw-Lin THEIN ; Sadao MATSUZAWA ; Takehiro SUZUKI ; Yo ISHIGAKI ; Akihiro FUSHIMI ; Ohn MAR ; Daisuke NAKAJIMA ; Tin-Tin WIN-SHWE
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 2021;26(1):92-92
BACKGROUND:
Particulate matter (PM) is recognized as the most harmful air pollutant to the human health. The Yangon city indeed suffers much from PM-related air pollution. Recent research has interestingly been focused on the novel subject of changes in the air quality associated with the restrictive measures in place during the current coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The first case of COVID-19 in Myanmar was diagnosed on March 23, 2020. In this article, we report on our attempt to evaluate any effects of the COVID-19-restrictive measures on the ambient PM pollution in Yangon.
METHODS:
We measured the PM concentrations every second for 1 week on four occasions at three study sites with different characteristics; the first occasion was before the start of the COVID-19 pandemic and the remaining three occasions were while the COVID-19-restrictive measures were in place, including Stay-At-Home and Work-From-Home orders. The Pocket PM
RESULTS:
The results showed that there was a significant reduction (P < 0.001) in both the PM
CONCLUSIONS
We concluded that the restrictive measures which were in effect to combat the COVID-19 pandemic had a positive impact on the ambient PM concentrations. The changes in the PM concentrations are considered to be largely attributable to reduction in anthropogenic emissions as a result of the restrictive measures, although seasonal influences could also have contributed in part. Thus, frequent, once- or twice-weekly Stay-At-Home or Telework campaigns, may be feasible measures to reduce PM-related air pollution. When devising such an action plan, it would be essential to raise the awareness of public about the health risks associated with air pollution and create a social environment in which Telework can be carried out, in order to ensure active compliance by the citizens.
Air Pollution/analysis*
;
COVID-19/epidemiology*
;
Humans
;
Myanmar/epidemiology*
;
Pandemics
;
Particulate Matter/analysis*
;
SARS-CoV-2