Nosocomial infections, commonly referred to as healthcare-associated infections, are illnesses that patients get while hospitalized and are typically either not yet manifest or may develop. One of the most prevalent nosocomial diseases in hospitalized patients is pneumonia, among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens cause pneumonia. More severe introductions commonly included Staphylococcus aureus, which is at the top of bacterial infections, per World Health Organization reports. The staphylococci, S. aureus, strain RMI-014804, mesophile, on-sporulating, and non-motile bacterium, was isolated from the sputum of a pulmonary patient in Pakistan. Many characteristics of S. aureus strain RMI-014804 have been revealed in this paper, with complete genome sequence and annotation. Our findings indicate that the genome is a single circular 2.82 Mbp long genome with 1,962 protein-coding genes, 15 rRNA, 49 tRNA, 62 pseudogenes, and a GC content of 28.76%. As a result of this genome sequencing analysis, researchers will fully understand the genetic and molecular basis of the virulence of the S. aureus bacteria, which could help prevent the spread of nosocomial infections like pneumonia. Genome analysis of this strain was necessary to identify the specific genes and molecular mechanisms that contribute to its pathogenicity, antibiotic resistance, and genetic diversity, allowing for a more in-depth investigation of its pathogenesis to develop new treatments and preventive measures against infections caused by this bacterium.

Aims: Due to the growing number of media reports claiming that books contain germs, it is crucial to look into the possibility that contagious diseases could spread through libraries. The aim of the study was to identify bacteria from various fomites in four Jordanian university libraries and to assess the antibacterial resistance pattern of isolates. Methodology and results: In this study, swab samples were taken from different fomites of four Jordanian university libraries. Samples were then cultivated on nutrient agar and incubated aerobically at 37 °C for 48 h. To identify different types of isolated bacteria, biochemical and conventional biochemical tests were applied using the qualitative RapIDTM One System with the help of ERICTM software to identify the bacterial isolates at the species level. Identified bacterial species, including Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus epidermis, S. aureus, Salmonella choleraesuis, Bacillus subtilis and Citrobacter freundii were isolated from different library fomites. Seventy-one bacterial isolates from University A were observed to be multidrug-resistant (MDR) (S. sonnei and S. choleraesuis). This MDR pattern is alarming as those isolates were found in a public environment and that imposes a direct threat on library users, staff and visitors. Conclusion, significance and impact of study University libraries' fomites carry live bacterial pathogens, which can contaminate users' hands and serve as an indirect route for spreading antibiotic resistance and microbial illnesses. While more research is required, considering hand hygiene improvement would be the simplest infection control technique at libraries. Additionally, proactive measures should be taken to track the prevalence of harmful microorganisms in these settings and their effects on employees' and the public's health.
Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Communicable Diseases

OBJECTIVEHawai'i is an ethnically diverse island state with a high rate of both traditional healing (TH) and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use. The aim of this project was to assess TH and CAM use within the pediatric oncology population in Honolulu and improve the delivery of culturally competent care.

METHODSA 9-item survey was distributed to all pediatric oncology patients at Kapi'olani Medical Center for Women and Children for 3 months. The survey inquired about patient ethnicity, TH practices, CAM practices and perception of cultural competence of the care received. Descriptive statistics were calculated for the survey items. Qualitative analysis was done with participant comments to identify themes.

RESULTSSixty-two surveys were completed. TH was used by 39% of the respondents in the home, and 10% in the hospital (top method was traditional foods). CAM was used by 27% of the respondents in the home, and 68% in the hospital (top method was healing touch). Ninety-seven percent of the respondents reported receiving culturally competent care. Areas for improvement included language services and dietary choices.

CONCLUSIONCAM and TH are used frequently by pediatric oncology patients in Hawai'i, and the vast majority of patients and families felt that the care they received was culturally competent.

Human brucellosis is a neglected zoonotic problem worldwide with a high degree of morbidity in humans and is mostly overlooked due to other febrile conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sero-prevalence and risk factors of human brucellosis among subjects living in Punjab, Pakistan. In this cross-sectional study, human blood samples were collected from seven districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Information regarding personal data, demographic data and potential risk factors was collected through a structured questionnaire. Detection of anti-Brucella antibodies was done through Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Descriptive analysis, Chi square test and Odds ratio was applied using STATA software version 12. The sero-prevalence of human brucellosis was 13.13% with significantly higher percentage in males 17.23% and age group 25-40 years 16.50% (P=< 0.001). The demographic factors positively associated with human brucellosis were lack of education (P = 0.003; OR = 1.85) and farming as an occupation (P =<0.001; OR = 2.50) Similarly, among the risk factors studied, keeping animals at home (P =<0.001; OR = 2.03), slaughtering of animals (P =<0.001; OR = 15.87) and consuming raw milk (P =<0.001; OR = 5.42) were the factors strongly connected with human brucellosis. A massive awareness should be given to livestock farmers and individuals directly linked to animals regarding risk factors and transmission of brucellosis. Consumption of unpasteurized milk and its products should be condemned to curtail this neglected disease.