OBJECTIVES

As the population ages, the likelihood of cancer increases. Aging-related deficits that eventually manifest as frailty may be associated with poor emotional health in older patients with advanced cancer. This study aimed to determine whether frailty was strongly associated with emotional distress, particularly anxiety and depression.

METHOD

This is a single center, cross-sectional, descriptive study using the Geriatric 8 (G8) Frailty Screening Scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scoring (HADS) Scale.

RESULTS

One hundred five patients (105) were included in the study. Over-all, 86 (81.9%) were frail. Majority of them were female (50, 47.6%), married (57, 54.3%), and were able to graduate college (62, 59.0%). Hypertension (70, 66.7%) and diabetes mellitus (33, 31.4%) were the most common co morbidities. There was significant association between the patients’ functional status (ECOG score) and frailty (p = 0.001). Our results showed that the likelihood of being frail increased by 30% per unit increase in the ECOG score (OR 3.685, CI 1.623 - 8.366). More so, our results showed strong association between frailty, depression & anxiety (p = 0.000 & 0.001, respectively). We also found that the likelihood of being anxious & depressed was 7-times as much for those patients who were frail (OR 7.000, CI 2.132 – 22.981; OR 7.150 (CI 2.406 – 21.246, respectively).

CONCLUSION

Frailty had a strong association with both anxiety and depression. Frailty, in addition, had a good predictive value for emotional distress. Those who were frail had a 7-time likelihood of being anxious and depressed. Frailty was also associated with functional status. The chances of being frail increased by 30% for every unit increase in the ECOG score.

Frailty ; Elderly ; Aged ; Depression ; Anxiety

Introduction: Convalescent plasma therapy (CPT) is a type of experimental passive immunotherapy with a sizable background in viral outbreaks. Although there has been documented favorable outcomes in using CPT in the treatment of viral illnesses, its use in COVID-19 is still experimental. Objectives: To determine if adding convalescent plasma to standard of care is associated with better clinical outcomes than giving standard of care alone to severe and critical COVID-19 patients admitted in a tertiary hospital in Cebu City. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study conducted in a tertiary hospital in Cebu between March to September 2020. The data of a total of 22 COVID-19 patients who received convalescent plasma therapy plus standard treatment regimen based on the institution's interim guideline were identified by chart review. The demographic information, laboratory results, management and outcome data from this group were collated, matched with and compared to 43 critically ill COVID-19 patients who received COVID-19 standard treatment regimen only. Results: Both the CPT and non-CPT groups are comparable in terms of the socio-clinical variables, inflammatory marker levels, laboratory test results and therapeutic interventions. However, there is no relationship between the level of inflammatory markers and the illness day to which CPT was given. Additionally, the outcomes also differ significantly in terms of duration of admission, severity of illness, critical care support and mortalities. The control group has shorter hospital admissions, more patients with critical illness and more mortalities. The intervention arm, however, has more recoveries but longer duration of critical care. Conclusion Convalescent Plasma Therapy added to standard treatment is not associated with improved clinical outcomes among Filipino patients with severe or life-threatening COVID-19 infection admitted in a tertiary hospital in Cebu City.
COVID-19 ; Retrospective Studies