1.Potential severe pediatric SARS-CoV-2-induced multisystem inflammatory syndrome resembles dengue infection
Yuliarto, S. ; Susanto, W.P. ; Kadafi, K.T. ; Ratridewi, I. ; Olivianto, E.
Tropical Biomedicine 2021;38(No.2):129-133
We describe a child with acute fever and abdominal pain who developed rash and edema of extremities. Blood test revealed thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia, positive dengue-IgM, and hypoalbuminemia with elevated procalcitonin. Right pleural effusion revealed from chest x-ray. Diagnosed as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) grade 1, however, at 7th day of illness, altered mental status, respiratory and circulatory failure occurred. Laboratory examination showed marked thrombocytopenia, transaminitis, metabolic acidosis, elevated D-dimer, decrease fibrinogen, and elevated cardiac marker (troponin I and CKMB). The patient then developed catecholamine-resistant shock and did not survive after 48 hours. Although rapid test of SARS CoV-2 infection was negative, rapid deterioration with some unusual clinical feature suggest multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. This case raises an awareness of MIS-C that clinical features resemble dengue infection.
2.High participation in the Posyandu nutrition program improved children nutritional status.
Faisal ANWAR ; Ali KHOMSAN ; Dadang SUKANDAR ; Hadi RIYADI ; Eddy S MUDJAJANTO
Nutrition Research and Practice 2010;4(3):208-214
The objective of this research was to analyze nutritional status and food consumption of children participating in the Posyandu nutrition program. A total sample of 300 children under five years had been drawn. Sample was divided into two categories namely high participation and low participation in the Posyandu nutrition program. The sample was selected from two sub districts of Cianjur District, West Java. The districts were areas with a high proportion of poor people and many of them take the benefits of Posyandu nutrition program conducted by the government. The participation of children (under five years old) in visiting Posyandus was relatively good, namely, 92.4% (for the high participation group). However, for the low participation group, the number of participating children was relatively low (28.3%). The average consumption of energy for children under five years old was still below the recommended dietary allowance < 80% of RDA, whereas the protein consumption was already above the RDA. The prevalence of underweight, stunting, and wasting among children were respectively 30.0%, 43.7%, and 12.3%. The activities at Posyandus had a positive impact on the nutritional status of children under five years olds, measured in terms of weight for age (W/A) and weight for height (W/H). The more frequent the visit to Posyandus, the better the nutritional statuses would be.
Child
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Humans
;
Indonesia
;
Nutrition Policy
;
Nutritional Status
;
Prevalence
;
Thinness
3.Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Umair IQBAL ; Hafsa ANWAR ; Hafiz Umair SIDDIQUI ; Muhammad Ali KHAN ; Faisal KAMAL ; Bradley D. CONFER ; Harshit S. KHARA
Clinical Endoscopy 2021;54(4):534-541
Background/Aims:
More than 100 million people to date have been affected by the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Patients with COVID-19 have a higher risk of bleeding complications. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the outcomes of COVID-19 patients with signs and symptoms of acute gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB).
Methods:
A systematic literature search was carried out for articles published until until November 11, 2020, in the Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. We included studies on COVID-19 patients with signs and symptoms of GIB.
Results:
Our search yielded 49 studies, of which eight with a collective 127 patients (86 males and 41 females) met our inclusion criteria. Conservative management alone was performed in 59% of the patients, endoscopic evaluation in 31.5%, and interventional radiology (IR) embolization in 11%. Peptic ulcer disease was the most common endoscopic finding, diagnosed in 47.5% of the patients. Pooled overall mortality was 19.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]; 12.7%-27.6%) and pooled mortality secondary to GIB was 3.5% (95% CI; 1.3%–9.1%). The pooled risk of rebleeding was 11.3% (95% CI; 6.8%–18.4%).
Conclusion
The majority of COVID-19 patients with GIB responded to conservative management, with a low mortality rate associated with GIB and the risk of rebleeding. Thus, we suggest limiting endoscopic and IR interventions to those with hemodynamic instability and those for whom conservative management was unsuccessful.
4.Chronology of cardiac dysfunction after permanent pacemaker implantation:an observational 2 year prospective study in North India
Harshit GUPTA ; Hakim Irfan SHOWKAT ; Naved ASLAM ; Rohit TANDON ; G. S. WANDER ; Shweta GUPTA ; Sadaf ANWAR ; Mohd Maqbool SOHIL
International Journal of Arrhythmia 2021;22(2):11-
Background:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate cardiac functions using transthoracic echocardiography, change in lead parameters and electrocardiogram (ECG) morphology in patients undergoing permanent pacemaker implantation over a follow-up period of 6 months.
Methods:
This is a prospective study in patients undergoing permanent pacemaker implantation in a tertiary care hospital. Patients undergoing permanent pacemaker implantation were enrolled for up to one year and Echocardiographic parameters (by 2 blind operators) and ECG parameters were recorded at admission (within 24 h), before discharge (within 7 days of pacemaker implantation), after 1 month (± 7 days) and after 6 months (± 7 days) of follow-up.
Results:
A total of 96 patients (60.4% males and 39.6% female, mean age 66.65 years) were implanted with permanent pacemaker. The mean QRS duration was 133.18 ms and increased significantly to 146.03 ms by 6 months despite septal lead placement in majority (92%) of patients. The mean baseline ejection fraction of 51.47 decreased significantly to 47.83 by 6 months. Diastolic parameters like left atrial volume index, early to late diastolic transmitral flow velocity (E/A) and early diastolic mitral annular tissue velocity (E/e′) showed a significant increase (> 5%) from baseline by the end of first week. By the end of first month, systolic dysfunction of RV sets in with significant (> 5%) change from baseline in parameters like Right ventricle myocardial performance index, transannular plane systolic excursion and right ventricle systolic excursion velocity (RVS′).
Conclusion
We have observed that pacemaker recipients with baseline reduced left ventricle (LV) systolic functions perform significantly worse compared to those with baseline normal cardiac functions and had a higher rate of deterioration of LV function. RV dysfunction is the first abnormality that occurs, by 1 week followed by LV dysfunction which starts by 1 month and the diastolic dysfunctions precede the systolic dysfunction. QRS duration also showed a gradual increase despite septal lead placement in majority (92%) and lead parameters showed no significant change over 6 months.
5.Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Umair IQBAL ; Hafsa ANWAR ; Hafiz Umair SIDDIQUI ; Muhammad Ali KHAN ; Faisal KAMAL ; Bradley D. CONFER ; Harshit S. KHARA
Clinical Endoscopy 2021;54(4):534-541
Background/Aims:
More than 100 million people to date have been affected by the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Patients with COVID-19 have a higher risk of bleeding complications. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the outcomes of COVID-19 patients with signs and symptoms of acute gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB).
Methods:
A systematic literature search was carried out for articles published until until November 11, 2020, in the Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. We included studies on COVID-19 patients with signs and symptoms of GIB.
Results:
Our search yielded 49 studies, of which eight with a collective 127 patients (86 males and 41 females) met our inclusion criteria. Conservative management alone was performed in 59% of the patients, endoscopic evaluation in 31.5%, and interventional radiology (IR) embolization in 11%. Peptic ulcer disease was the most common endoscopic finding, diagnosed in 47.5% of the patients. Pooled overall mortality was 19.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]; 12.7%-27.6%) and pooled mortality secondary to GIB was 3.5% (95% CI; 1.3%–9.1%). The pooled risk of rebleeding was 11.3% (95% CI; 6.8%–18.4%).
Conclusion
The majority of COVID-19 patients with GIB responded to conservative management, with a low mortality rate associated with GIB and the risk of rebleeding. Thus, we suggest limiting endoscopic and IR interventions to those with hemodynamic instability and those for whom conservative management was unsuccessful.
6.Chronology of cardiac dysfunction after permanent pacemaker implantation:an observational 2 year prospective study in North India
Harshit GUPTA ; Hakim Irfan SHOWKAT ; Naved ASLAM ; Rohit TANDON ; G. S. WANDER ; Shweta GUPTA ; Sadaf ANWAR ; Mohd Maqbool SOHIL
International Journal of Arrhythmia 2021;22(2):11-
Background:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate cardiac functions using transthoracic echocardiography, change in lead parameters and electrocardiogram (ECG) morphology in patients undergoing permanent pacemaker implantation over a follow-up period of 6 months.
Methods:
This is a prospective study in patients undergoing permanent pacemaker implantation in a tertiary care hospital. Patients undergoing permanent pacemaker implantation were enrolled for up to one year and Echocardiographic parameters (by 2 blind operators) and ECG parameters were recorded at admission (within 24 h), before discharge (within 7 days of pacemaker implantation), after 1 month (± 7 days) and after 6 months (± 7 days) of follow-up.
Results:
A total of 96 patients (60.4% males and 39.6% female, mean age 66.65 years) were implanted with permanent pacemaker. The mean QRS duration was 133.18 ms and increased significantly to 146.03 ms by 6 months despite septal lead placement in majority (92%) of patients. The mean baseline ejection fraction of 51.47 decreased significantly to 47.83 by 6 months. Diastolic parameters like left atrial volume index, early to late diastolic transmitral flow velocity (E/A) and early diastolic mitral annular tissue velocity (E/e′) showed a significant increase (> 5%) from baseline by the end of first week. By the end of first month, systolic dysfunction of RV sets in with significant (> 5%) change from baseline in parameters like Right ventricle myocardial performance index, transannular plane systolic excursion and right ventricle systolic excursion velocity (RVS′).
Conclusion
We have observed that pacemaker recipients with baseline reduced left ventricle (LV) systolic functions perform significantly worse compared to those with baseline normal cardiac functions and had a higher rate of deterioration of LV function. RV dysfunction is the first abnormality that occurs, by 1 week followed by LV dysfunction which starts by 1 month and the diastolic dysfunctions precede the systolic dysfunction. QRS duration also showed a gradual increase despite septal lead placement in majority (92%) and lead parameters showed no significant change over 6 months.
7.Genetic Variability of Antigen B among Echinococcus granulosus Egyptian Isolates.
Gihan M TAWFEEK ; Hala S ELWAKIL ; Nabil S AWAD ; Laila EL-HOSEINY ; Hala S THABET ; Rania M SARHAN ; Samar K DARWEESH ; Wagida A ANWAR
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2009;47(3):259-264
Genetic polymorphisms of encoding antigen B2 gene (AgB2) in Echinococcus granulosus were studied using PCR-RFLP and DNA sequencing among 20 Egyptian isolates. Five isolates from different host origins (humans, camels, pigs, and sheep) were collected and used. All examined isolates of each host group gave very similar patterns of PCR-RFLP after restriction enzyme digestion with AluI, with the gene size of approximately 140 bp and 240 bp for sheep and human isolates, and approximately 150 bp and 250 bp for pig and camel isolates. No digestion pattern was obtained after incubation of all studied isolates with EcoRI. These results reveal high intra-group homogeneity. DNA sequence analysis highlighted that human infecting strain showed 100% identity with respect to sheep infecting isolate, 96% and 99% with pig and camel infecting isolates, respectively.
Animals
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Camels
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Cysts/parasitology
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Echinococcosis/*parasitology/*veterinary
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Echinococcus granulosus/*genetics/isolation & purification
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*Genetic Variation
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Humans
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Lipoproteins/*genetics
;
Parasitic Diseases, Animal/*parasitology
;
Sheep
8.Relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and metabolic syndrome among Jordanian adults.
Yousef S KHADER ; Anwar BATIEHA ; Hashim JADDOU ; Zahi BATIEHA ; Mohammed EL-KHATEEB ; Kamel AJLOUNI
Nutrition Research and Practice 2011;5(2):132-139
Evidence of the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and metabolic syndrome (MeS) remains uncertain and incongruent. This study aimed to determine the association between 25(OH)D and MeS among Jordanian adults. A complex multistage sampling technique was used to select a national population-based household sample. The present report deals exclusively with adults aged > 18 years who had complete information on all components of MeS (n = 3,234). A structured questionnaire was used to collect all relevant information. Anthropometric, clinical, and laboratory measurements were obtained. MeS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definition. Of the total, 42.0% had MeS and 31.7% had 25(OH)D < 30 ng/ml. In a stratified analysis, the prevalence of MeS did not differ significantly between subjects with low and normal 25(OH)D levels for men and women in all age groups. In the multivariate analysis, the odds of MeS were not significantly different between subjects with low and normal 25(OH)D levels (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.70, 1.05, P-value = 0.133). The association between 25(OH)D and MeS remained non-significant when 25(OH)D was analyzed as a continuous variable (OR = 1.004, 95% CI; 1.000, 1.008, P = 0.057) and when analyzed based on quartiles. None of the individual components of MeS were significantly associated with 25(OH)D level. This study does not provide evidence to support the association between 25(OH)D level and MeS or its individual components. Prospective studies are necessary to better determine the roles of 25(OH)D levels in the etiology of MeS.
Adult
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Aged
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Family Characteristics
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Female
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Humans
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Jordan
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Male
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Multivariate Analysis
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Obesity
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Prevalence
;
Surveys and Questionnaires
;
Vitamin D
9.Readiness of clients in returning to face-to-face therapy in an outpatient rehabilitation clinic: a preliminary study.
Jaymilyn C. Ombao ; Charlemaine Deane A. Perez ; Audrey Anne D. Esguerra ; Ferdiliza Dandah S. Garcia ; Czarina Camille A. Lazaro ; Michael P. Longno ; Mariam Lujain J. Anwar Bahraq ; Angelika Marie R. Gonzales ; Jen Aebriel DC. Leynes ; Kyla Kristiana F. Lu ; Maria Inez Corazon T. Recto ; Maria Blanquita M. Salvador ; Regina Ariane DR. Tayag
Philippine Journal of Health Research and Development 2023;27(2):1-
BACKGROUND:
The Clinic for the Therapy Services (CTS) has considered reverting to face-to-face service delivery due to the downward trend in COVID-19 cases in the Philippines. However, the clinic has yet to investigate the willingness of the clients to this mode as a basis for its effective implementation.
OBJECTIVES:
The study described the readiness of CTS clients in returning to face-to-face therapy amidst the pandemic. It also discussed the factors affecting readiness based on a survey.
METHODOLOGY:
Fifty-five screened survey responses on the readiness of clients in returning to face-to-face therapy were gathered from January 30 to February 28, 2021. These underwent retrospective data analysis. Eight prospective online key informant interviews were conducted for clarifications in May 2022. This study utilized a descriptive analysis of quantitative categorical variables and a thematic content analysis of qualitative data.
RESULTS:
The majority of the respondents (35) stated readiness to attend face-to-face therapy followed by those who answered “No” (11), “Maybe” (5), and others (4). Factors that may have affected
readiness included travel, characteristics of face-to-face therapy, health conditions, vaccine, and
COVID-19 concerns. Frequently preferred health and safety strategies were the provision of hygiene
products, disinfection, limited people inside the clinic, separate therapy areas, and ventilation.
CONCLUSION
Most of the respondents expressed willingness to receive face-to-face therapy in April or May of 2021. Feasibility of travel and decreased number of COVID-19 cases may have encouraged
willingness to attend. Those who were hesitant reported concerns with traveling, characteristics of
face-to-face therapy, health conditions, the COVID-19 situation, and the vaccine.
rehabilitation
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COVID-19
10.Antiviral activities of Cholistani plants against common poultry viruses
Shahzad, M.I. ; Anwar, S. ; Ashraf, H. ; Manzoor, A. ; Naseer, M. ; Rani, U. ; Aslam, Z. ; Saba, N. ; Kamran, Z. ; Ali, S. ; Aslam, J. ; Arshad, M.
Tropical Biomedicine 2020;37(No.4):1129-1140
Herbal medicines are becoming more popular and acceptable day by day due to
their effectiveness, limited side effects, and cost-effectiveness. Cholistani plants are reported
as a rich source of antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antioxidant, and anticancer agents.
The current study has evaluated antiviral potential of selected Cholistani plants. The whole
plants were collected, ground and used in extract formation with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and
n-butanol. All the extracts were concentrated by using a rotary evaporator and concentrate
was finally dissolved in an appropriate vol of the same solvent. All of the extracts were tested
for their antiviral potential by using 9-11 days old chick embryonated eggs. Each extract was
tested against the Avian Influenza virus H9N2 strain (AIV), New Castle Disease virus Lasoota
strain (NDV), Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and an Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV).
Hemagglutination test (HA) and Indirect Hemagglutination (IHA) tests were performed for
different viruses. The overall order of the antiviral potential of Cholistani plants against
viruses was NDV>IBV>IBDV>AIV. In terms of antiviral activity from extracts, the order of
activity was n-butanol>ethyl acetate>n-hexane. The medicinal plants Achyranthes aspera,
Neuroda procumbens, Panicum antidotale, Ochthochloa compressa and Suaeda fruticose
were very effective against all four poultry viruses through their extracts. The low IC50
values of these extracts confirm the high antiviral potential against these viruses. It is worth
to mention that Achyranthes aspera was found positive against IBDV through all its extracts
which overcome the problem of unavailability of any known drug against IBDV. In short, the
study proved that Cholistani plants are rich source of antiviral agent and their extracts can be
used as good source of antiviral drugs both in crude and in purified form.