1.New Antimicrobial Agents for Treatment of Community-Acquired Pneumonia.
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2001;50(2):147-157
No abstract available.
Anti-Infective Agents*
;
Pneumonia*
2.Choice of Antimicrobial Agents in Primary Pediatric Care.
Journal of the Korean Pediatric Society 2000;43(4):455-462
No abstract available.
Anti-Infective Agents*
3.Anti-biofilm activity of the marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas ruthenica KLPp3 against Serratia marcescens and Vibrio alginolyticus
Asmat Ahmad ; Mohd Faiq Iqbal Sulieman ; Gires Usup
Malaysian Journal of Microbiology 2016;12(1):30-34
Aims: Pseudoalteromonas ruthenica KLPp3 is the marine Gram-negative strain isolated from the surface of mud crab at
Pulau Perhentian Malaysia. In this work, the anti-biofilm activity of P. ruthenica supernatant was examined on Serratia
marcescen and Vibrio alginolyticus.
Methodology and results: The crude extract of P. ruthenica KLPp3 was obtained using ethyl acetate. The subminimum
inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the crude extract was determined using the minimum inhibitory test. The subMIC
crude extract was tested against two of the S. marcescen virulence factors, which are the swarming ability and
production of prodigiosin. The crystal violet assay was used to test the anti-biofilm activity of the sub-MIC crude extract
against S. marcescen and V. alginolyticus. The productions of prodigiosin were reduced by 72%. The swarming area
was reduced by 56.06%. It inhibits 26.9% and 48.5% of biofilm production in S. marcescens and V. alginolyticus
respectively. The crude extract was heat stable.
Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Besides combating the S. marcescens virulence factor, P. ruthenica
KLPp3 crude extract in sub-MIC reduces the formation of biofilm of S. marcescens and V. alginolyticus, which may find
applications in biofilm inhibition and prevention.
Anti-Infective Agents
4.Isolation and characterization of an antifungal peptide from fruiting bodies of edible mushroom Lentinus squarrosulus Mont.
Siwat Poompouang ; Maneewan Suksomtip
Malaysian Journal of Microbiology 2016;12(1):43-49
Aims: To isolate and characterize an antimicrobial peptide from fruiting bodies of Lentinus squarrosulus Mont., the Thai
common edible mushroom.
Methodology and results: Solid ammonium sulfate at 40-80% (w/v) final concentration was utilized to precipitate the
proteins and further purified by ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and gel filtration chromatography on
Sephadex G-25. The peptide was adsorbed on DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-25. It appeared as a single band with a
molecular mass of about 17 kDa (kilodalton) in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Further
investigation of antimicrobial properties of purified peptide revealed that it has no activity against both Gram positive and
Gram negative bacteria. However, it exhibited strong antifungal activity against various species of fungal pathogen of
human. Among the high sensitive strains, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, and Candida tropicalis are clinical
isolates. Moreover, the potency was found to be concentration dependent and comparable with Ketoconazole, the
commercial antifungal drug.
Conclusion, significance and impact study: In this work, the novel bioactive peptide from fruiting bodies of L.
squarrosulus Mont. has been isolated. It shows potent activity against various clinical isolates of fungal pathogen of
human. It may have potential for pharmaceutical application.
Anti-Infective Agents
5.Community-acquired bacteremia in Paediatrics:Epidemiology, aetiology and patterns of antimicrobial resistance in a tertiary care centre, Malaysia
Nor Azizah Abu ; Fadzilah Mohd Nor ; Mariam Mohamad ; Anis Siham Zainal Abidin ; Ariza Adnan ; Noor Shafina Mohd Nor ; A Anita Kaur
The Medical Journal of Malaysia 2016;71(3):117-121
Introduction: bacteremia continues to be one of the major
causes of morbidity and mortality despite the existence of
numerous antimicrobial agents. this study aimed to provide
a Malaysian perspective on paediatric community-acquired
bacteraemia based on the documentation of epidemiology
and antimicrobial profile of the isolated pathogens.
Method: A retrospective study was conducted by analysing
clinical details, blood cultures and antimicrobial
susceptibility testing results in children between the ages of
0 to 13 years old, who were admitted to selayang Hospital
over an 11-year period from 2001 until 2011. there were 222
bacteraemia cases and the median age was 11.7 months.
the highest number (39%) of bacteraemia cases occurred
between ages one month to one year. the three most
commonly isolated aetiological agents were
Staphylococcus aureus (17.1%), nontyphoidal Salmonella
(16.2%), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (12.6%). Almost 8%
of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates were methicillin
resistant, while nontyphoidal Salmonella (Nts) isolates
demonstrated 18.4%, 10.5% and 2.6% resistance towards
ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin
respectively. All Nts isolates were sensitive to ceftriaxone.
Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates showed 17.9%
resistance to penicillin. skin and soft tissue infections as
well as lower respiratory tract infections (63.2%) were the
main foci of infections in Staphylococcus aureus
bacteraemia. Acute gastroenteritis (80.0%) and pneumonia
(60.8%) were the main presentations of Nts and
Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteraemia respectively.
Overall mortality rate was 8.1%.
Conclusion: Knowledge on the local epidemiology and
antibiotic resistance pattern serves as a significant platform
in improving the empiric antibiotic therapy for patients with
community acquired bacteraemia.
Anti-Infective Agents
;
Bacteremia
6.Retraction: Compliance and Impact of an ID Physician's Advisory Consults on the Use of Restricted Antimicrobial Agents.
Baek Nam KIM ; Kyu Bok JIN ; Yoon Seok HONG
Infection and Chemotherapy 2007;39(4):234-234
No abstract available.
Anti-Infective Agents*
;
Compliance*
7.Retraction: Compliance and Impact of an ID Physician's Advisory Consults on the Use of Restricted Antimicrobial Agents.
Baek Nam KIM ; Kyu Bok JIN ; Yoon Seok HONG
Infection and Chemotherapy 2007;39(4):234-234
No abstract available.
Anti-Infective Agents*
;
Compliance*
8.Antimicrobial and enzymatic activities of endophytic bacteria isolated from Mentha spicata (MINT)
Akinsanya Mushafau Adewale ; Goh Joo Kheng ; Lim Siew Ping ; Ting Adeline Su Yien
Malaysian Journal of Microbiology 2015;11(2):102-108
Aims: This study is to isolate and characterize endophytic bacteria for potential industrial enzymes and antimicrobial
activities against some human pathogens.
Methodology and results: Mentha spicata, a local medicinal plant, was used to source for endophytes. The roots,
stems and leaves of M. spicata were surface-sterilized to isolate the endophytic bacteria. The endophytic bacteria were
subsequently characterized based on their 16S rRNA sequences. The endophytic bacteria were screened for both
antimicrobial and enzymatic activities. We identified 15 isolates of 4 genus-Pseudomonas (7 species), Bacillus (3
species), Enterobacter (1 species) and Comamonas (1 species) with 97-100% similarity level. Isolates MSS-3
(Pseudomonas putida), MSR-4 (Pseudomonas pictorum), MSS-2 (Bacillus thuringiensis) and MSR-5 (Pseudomonas
straminea) showed prominent antimicrobial activities against the pathogens tested with zones of inhibition between 6.3
to 15.3 ± 0.6 mm. All species examined have positive cellulase activities except Comamonas guangdongensis and only
isolates of the Bacillus genus, Pseudomonas pictorum and P. argentinensis exhibited amylase activities.
Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Our findings revealed potential therapeutic uses of the bioactive
compounds of these bacteria endophytes against pathogens. Their enzymatic potential can also be of use in various
industries.
Anti-Infective Agents
9.Antimicrobial Producing Bacteria Isolated from Tropical Peat Swamp Soil
Kuan Shion Ong ; Catherine M. Yule ; Sui Mae Lee
Malaysian Journal of Microbiology 2015;11(2):170-175
Aims: The aims of this study were to isolate and characterize antimicrobial producing bacteria from tropical peat swamp
forest soils.
Methodology and results: Bacteria isolated from peat soil were screened for antimicrobial properties via agar overlay
assay. Broth microdilution was performed using crude-cell free supernatant (CCFS) to determine the minimum inhibitory
concentration (MIC). One isolate was selected due to its broad spectrum activity and identified as Burkholderia spp. with
a maximum identity of 99% via 16s rRNA gene PCR. This isolate was able to produce antimicrobials that were active
against several Gram positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria and also yeast. The antimicrobial activity of the CCFS
was stable at a pH range of 1 to 11, temperatures of −20 °C to 80 °C, and after treatment with several proteolytic
enzymes: α-chymotrypsin, proteinase K and trypsin, indicating that the antimicrobial produced might not be
proteinaceous in nature. It is possible that the isolate can produce polyketides, a type of antimicrobial compound
produced by Burkholderia known to be resistant to proteolytic enzymes. However, further work needs to be done to
confirm this.
Conclusion, significance and impact of study: The presence of antimicrobial producing bacteria signified that tropical
peat swamps are indeed a potential source for antimicrobials to combat infections.
Anti-Infective Agents
10.Antimicrobial activities of stembark and wood extracts from Nauclea subdita against pathogenic microorganisms
Fatin Ruzanna Jamaluddin ; Lee Seng Hua ; Zaidon Ashaari ; Razak Wahab ; Jamaluddin Mohd Daud
Malaysian Journal of Microbiology 2015;11(4):365-372
Aims: The aim of the study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of Nauclea subdita (Korth) Steud against six
pathogenic microorganisms.
Methodology and results: Young and matured trees of N. subdita were cut and separated into bark and wood parts,
respectively, prior to extraction process. Phytochemical screening tests, antimicrobial activity, minimal inhibitory
concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were determined. Preliminary screening for
phytochemical components showed that both young and matured tree had similar constituents. Extracts from matured
tree showed more potency in terms of the zones of inhibition sizes than the young tree. Extract of N. subdita was more
potent to both marine bacteria, Vibrio parahaemoliticus and V. alginolyticus, while Candida albican and Aspergillus niger
were resistant to it. The sensitivity test showed that 500 µg/mL is the optimum concentration for extract of bottom
sapwood of mature tree to act as bactericidal.
Conclusion, significance and impact study: The results from this study suggest that N. subdita bark and wood
extracts may serve as potential source of antimicrobial agents for future development in medicine applications.
Anti-Infective Agents