microRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a family of small, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression and protein expression. microRNAs have influence on a broad range of physiologic and pathologic conditions. They are also considered as promising biomarkers especially when they are secreted extracellularly. In the inflammatory pathways, they dysregulate the molecular processes and contribute to the development of chronic inflammatory diseases including periodontitis. In this review, we provide an overview of miRNA characteristics, biogenesis, mechanisms of action and profiling methods. In addition, the role of miRNAs in the pathobiology of periodontitis, especially those pertaining to the cellular and molecular pathways of inflammation has been considered to enhance our understanding of the pathobiology of periodontitis.

Platelet concentrates are derivatives of blood that aid in haemostasis and wound healing after periodontal regenerative procedures. Its ability to act as a natural scaffold of growth factors has gained significance in many surgical procedures. This narrative review discusses the different platelet concentrates, their centrifugation protocols, advantages and disadvantages and their application in periodontal regenerative procedures. An electronic search of PubMed or MEDLINE was conducted for relevant material from the published literature up to 2020. The key words looked for were “Platelet concentrates, Platelet rich plasma, Platelet rich fibrin and periodontal regeneration.” We have used the filters comparative human studies, animal studies, randomized controlled trials, case reports and systematic reviews. The searches were limited to articles in English language and articles describing platelet concentrates and its relation to periodontal regeneration were collected and used to prepare a concise review.