miR-106b-25 cluster is composed of miR-106b,miR-93 and miR-25,and is a paralogue of miR-17-92 cluster.Some studies have shown that the members in miR-106b-25 cluster abundantly expressed in many cancers.Over-expressions of these miRNAs promote the growth of tumor cells by negatively regulating p21 and p57,and suppress the apoptosis of tumor cells through inhibition of Bim.Moreover,high expression of miR-106b-25 cluster might endue tumor cells with resistance to inhibitory effect of cell growth induced by TGF-β signaling.

This paper summarized the data of 5 growth indices of 152, 874 children aged 0-7 years in 9 city's urban and suburban areas. The results showed that they were well related to the growth of children. The stature of children was thin-tall in urban and thick-short in suburban. As compared with American and Japanese children data, we found that the body indices of our children were lower. Among 5 growth indices, the Kaup's index seemd to be useful for assessment of child physical development and nutrition.

ObjectiveTo confirm the effect of miR-93 inhibitor in glioma cell growth and invasion.MethodsMalignant glioma cells were transfected with miR-93 inhibitor by lipofectamin to downregulate their overexpression of miR-93.Real time-PCR was taken to measure miR-93 expression after transfection.The cell cycle kinetics and cell growth rate were detected by flowcytometry and MTT assay,the cell proliferative ability was evaluated by soft agar assay,and the invasive ability was detected by transwell assay.ResultsThe highlevel expression of miR-93 was downregulated effectively in glioma cells after transfecting the miR-93 inhibitor.Meanwhile,the cell cycle progress was delayed,S phase cells were reduced,the speed of growth was slowed,cloning formation ability was receded,the number of cells through the matrigel was reduced,and invasive ability was significantly repressed.ConclusionDownregulation of miR-93 expression could inhibit the proliferative ability and invasive ability of glioma cells.

Objective:To explore the effect and mechanism of miRNA sponge on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of gastric carcinoma cell lines SGC7901. Methods:Synthetic ZEB2 3'UTR plasmid and siRNA targeting ZEB2 were transfected into the SGC7901 cell line by Lipofectamine 2000. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate the expres-sion levels of miR-200a/b/c. Finally, the migratory, invasive, and proliferative activities of the gastric carcinoma cells in vitro were ana-lyzed by the scratch test, the Transwell cell invasion, and the cell cloning assay. The expression of the target protein was detected by Western blot. Results:Compared with the control group, the expressions of miR-200a/b/c significantly decreased, and their migration, invasion, and proliferation capabilities were considerably higher after they were transfected with ZEB2 3'UTR. Although the expres-sions of miR-200a/b/c significantly increased, the migratory, invasive, and proliferative activities of SGC7901 cells also degraded after they were transfected with siRNA targeting ZEB2. The expression of ZEB2 increased, and that of E-cadherin decreased at the protein level after they were transfected with ZEB2 3'UTR. The protein expression of Vimentin in SGC7901 cells significantly increased. The indicators show the opposite trend when cells were transfected with siZEB2, and the differences between the control and mutation groups were insignificant. Conclusion:ZEB2 3'UTR can regulate EMT course by regulating the miR-200a/b/c expression in gastric car-cinoma, consequently regulating the invasion and migration of carcinoma cells.

Background To study the pathogenesis and management of diabetic retinopathy (DR) has an important clinical significance.With the development of biomedical photonics in recent years,photobiomodulation therapy has been paid more and more attention.However,the sudy on biological regulation of light to DR is rarely reported.Objective This study was to explore the photobiomodulating effects on the apoptosis of retinal neuronal cells induced by high glucose environment and tried to offer a basis for the management of DR.Methods The retinal neurons were isolated from Wistar rats using immunomagnetic beads and primarily cultured in Neurobasal,and the cells were identified by Nissl staining.The cells were divided into normal control group,high-glucose group and high-glucose+LED group.The glucose at the concentration of 25 mmol/L was added into medium for 48 hours in the high-glucose group,and the cells induced by high-glucose were irradiated in incubator by LED for consecutive 300 seconds per time in a 12-hour interval with the wavelength of 620 nm,maximal power of 1 W,central light radiation exposure of 6.67 mW/cm2 and spot diameter of 2.0 cm.The apoptosis rate of the cells was assayed by flow cytometry;the intracellular Ca2+ content was determined by laser scanning confocal microscope;the relative expression level of phosphorylated serine-threonine kinase (p-AKT) protein in the cells was detected by Western blot.Results The cells grew well 2-3 days after cultured with the polygon and oval shape,and nucleolus were visible.More neuronal processes were obtained in 5-7 days after culture.Nissl staining showed the blue violet color in cytoplasma of neurons.The proportion of neurons and glial cells was 91％.The apoptosis rates of the cells were (7.634±3.176)％,(33.642 ±9.315)％ and (23.914±6.375)％ in the normal control group,high-glucose group and high-glucose+LED group,respectively,and the apoptosis rates of high-glucose group and high-glucose + LED group were significantly higher than that in the normal control group,while the apoptosis rate in the high-glucose+LED group was lower than that in the high-glucose group (all at P＜0.01).The fluorescence of Ca2+ in the cytoplasma was strong in the highglucose group and weak in the normal control group.The fluorescence pixel values in the high-glucose group and highglucose+LED group were significantly higher than that in the normal control group,and that in the high-glucose+LED group was reduced in comparison with high-glucose group (all at P＜0.05).The expressing band of p-AKT protein was strong in the normal control group and weak in the high-glucose group.The relative expressing levels were 10.34± 3.18,2.16±0.46 and 7.15 ±1.72 in the normal control group,high-glucose group and high-glucose+LED group,and relative expression level of high-glucose+LED group was significatly lower than that in the high-glucose group (P＜ 0.05).Conclusions High-glucose environment inhibits PI3K/AKT pathway and calcium homeostasis of retinal neurons,which results in cell apoptosis.Low intensity of LED light irradiation activates the anti-apoptotic PI3K/AKT pathway and therefore reduces apoptosis induced by high glucose.

Objective To explore the effects of zinc finger E-box binding protein (ZEB)2 3′UTR gene transfection on proliferation, invasion and migration in human gastric epithelial cell line GES-1. Methods The synthetic ZEB2 3′UTR and miR-200b micmics were transfected into GES-1 cell line by lipofectamine 2000. We set up control grop, the mutation group and ZEB2 3′UTR group. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to evaluate the expression levels of miR-200a/b/c and ZEB1/ZEB2 mRNAs after transfection.And then we set up control group, ZEB2 3′UTR group, ZEB2 3′UTR+negative control group and ZEB2 3′UTR+miR-200b micmics group. The protein expression levels of ZEB1, ZEB2, matrix metallopro-teinases (MMP) 2/9 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were detected by Western blot assay. The invasion and mi-gration capability were analyzed by transwell assay and wound healing test. MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation ability. Results Compared with control group and mutation group, the expressions of miR-200a/b/c were significantly de-creased, especially for miR-200b. And the expressions of ZEB1/ZEB2 were significantly increased at both mRNA and pro-tein levels after transfected with the ZEB2 3′UTR, enhancing the capability of migration,invasion,and proliferation (P <0.05). Compared with ZEB2 3′UTR group, the capabilities of proliferation,invasion and migration were significantly lower in combined group. Conclusion ZEB2 3′UTR can increase the ability of cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis through regulating the levels of miR-200a/b/c, and then influence the regulation of transcription of the target gene, which could lead to malignant transformation of GES-1 cells.

Objective:This study aimed to explore the effect of Yes-associated protein (YAP) on the growth of the human glioma cell line LN229. Methods:YAPsiRNA was transfected into LN229 cells to knock down the YAP expression. The downregulation of the YAP expression was identified through Western Blot analysis. Colorimetric assay using methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium was applied to evaluate cell proliferation ability. Cell invasive activity was examined using Transwell assay. Flow cytometry and AnnexinV were used to detect cell cycle and apoptosis, respectively. The relevant molecules regulating proliferation, invasion, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis were examined through Western Blot analysis. Results:The YAP expression was downregulated after YAPsiRNA was trans-fected into LN229 glioma cells. Reduced YAP expression could arrest the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase, inhibit cell proliferation and inva-sion, and promote apoptosis. The expression of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (Ki-67), matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9), cy-clin D1, and Bcl-2 were downregulated. Conclusion:The downregulation of YAP in LN229 cells suppresses cell proliferation and inva-sion, as well as promotes cell apoptosis. This study provides a novel evidence for further study on Hippo-YAP signal pathway in molec-ular pathology of glioma.

Objective:To detect the expression of miR-106b~25 cluster in glioma cell line and tissues. Methods:Real-time PCR was performed to determine the expression of miR-106b~25 cluster members (miR-106b, miR-93, and miR-25) in different human glio-blastoma cell lines. Different pathological grade glioma specimens were surgically removed. In-situ hybridization was performed to de-tect the expression of miR-106b~25 cluster members in different pathological levels of glioma tissues. Results:In the expression of the benchmark on normal brain tissues, three kinds of miRNAs in all test cell lines have a tendency to increase. Based on the expression of the pathological level I average rate in 43 cases of glioma specimens collected after neurosurgical operations, the real-time PCR results showed that the average expression quantity of the three kinds of miRNAs in each group gradually increase. The increase in tumor path-ological levels results in statistically significant expression differences of miR-106b and miR-93 between the groups (F=4.479, P=0.018 and F=3.493, P=0.040, respectively). However, miR-25 expression differences between the groups have no statistically signifi-cant differences (F=2.766, P=0.075). In situ hybridization results show that the expressions of three miRNAs in high grade gliomas are significantly higher than that in the low-level tumor. Spearman rank correlation analysis results indicate that the expression of these miRNAs signal-intensity distribution is positively correlated with glioma, in accordance with WHO pathology classification. The corre-lation coefficient for miR-106b, miR-93, and miR-25 are 0.617, 0.438, and 0.463, respectively (P<0.001). Conclusion:The expression of miR-106b~25 cluster members is up-regulated in the glioma and is positively correlated with tumor grade.

Objective To investigate the effect of knocking-down Yes-associated protein (YAP)on the biologi-cal characteristics of SNB19 glioblastoma cell.Methods The expression of YAB in SNB19 was knockdown by YAB small interfering RNA (YABsiRNA).The downregulation of YAP expression was identified by Western blot analysis. The proliferative ability of cell was determined by methyl thiazoyl terazolium (MTT).The invasive ability of cell was examined by Transwell assay.Flow cytometry and Annexin V staining were used to detect the cell cycle and apoptosis respectively.The results were analyzed by the statistical software SPSS18.0.Results The expression of YAP in the cells transfected with YAPsiRNA was significantly reduced.The cell proliferation activity of SNB19 cells was inhibited, which decreased from (100.00 ±0.00)%to (52.32 ±3.10)%(F=33.00,P<0.01).The cell cycle was arrested in G0-G1 phase (F=8.76,P<0.01).The cell invasive ability was attenuated apparently,which decreased from (163.20 ±10.10)to (37.71 ±2.52)(F=282.05,P<0.01).The apoptosis ratio of the tumor cell which transfected with YAPsi-RNA was increased from (3.56 ±0.35)%to (18.99 ±0.66)%,(F=931.99,P<0.01).Conclusion Knocking-down YAP expression in glioma cells could inhibit the proliferative activity and invasive ability of SNB19 cell and could induce cell apoptosis.YAP could be served as a potential target for the gene therapy of glioma.

Objective To study the inhibitory effect of knocking down miR-30a-5p on the U87 human glioma xenograft growth and its possible mechanism.Methods Nude mice bearing subcutaneous U87 human glioblastoma were established and separated into three groups (eight for each group) by randomized digital table method,including control group,scr-ODN treated group and AS-miR-30a-5p treated group.After relevant subcutaneous injection treatment,tumor size was measured every other day until the observation period ended.Researchers executed the animals after the treatment,stripped tumor tissues and extracted RNA and protein.Real-time PCR was conducted to detect the expression of miR-30a-5p.The histopathological characteristics and proliferation and apoptosis biological characters (including SEPT7,PCNA,cyclin D1,MMP-2,apoptosis related factor P53,bcl-2 and caspase3) were evaluated by HE and immunohistochemical staining,Westem blot analysis respectively,and the cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL method.Results In AS-miR-30a-5p treated group,the tumor growth was delayed and the final tumor volume was smaller than that in the control and scr-ODN treated group (F =7.167,P ＜0.05),and the expression of miR-30a-5p was knocked down.The expression of PCNA,cyclin D1 were significantly downregulated while P53,SEPT7 and caspase3 up-regulated.Apoptotic index was increased significantly.Conclusion As-miR-30a-5p suppresses the growth of U87 human gliomas xenografts significantly.Malignant phenotype of tumors are reversed to a considerable degree.Therefore,miR-30a-5p can be a candidate for targeted therapy of human glioma.