No abstract available.
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents*

No abstract available.
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents* ; Intracranial Aneurysm*

No abstract availalbe.
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents* ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Background: Current medical management of endometriosis leads to suppression of ovulation and will not be helpful for women with endometriosis who are desirous of pregnancy. Thus, drugs that can both treat endometriosis and its associated infertility are highly warranted. Objective: Anti-angiogenic agents are potential drugs for patients with endometriosis and infertility. Among these drugs, dopamine agonist (DA) is promising since it does not interfere with ovulation, is safe, and not teratogenic. The aim of the study is to determine the efficacy and safety of DA for improving reproductive outcomes in women with endometriosis and infertility. Methods: A qualitative narrative review was done from inception to July 31, 2022 using the appropriate MeSH terms in PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrial.gov, and World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. Date analysis was through qualitative analysis and synthesis of researches and their outcome measures. Results: No studies used the core outcomes for trials evaluating treatments for infertility associated with endometriosis. All the included articles in the review supported the possible anti-angiogenic effects of DA on the vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] /VEGF receptor system. The use of DA does not have an effect on ovulation and menstrual cyclicity. Studies on safety profile of DA were consistent with existing data. Conclusion Most of studies reviewed demonstrated that DA were effective in reducing endometriotic lesions. However, further research is required to establish whether this anti-angiogenic effect can improve reproductive outcomes in women with endometriosis-associated infertility.
Endometriosis ; Dopamine Agonists ; Infertility ; Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors

No abstract available.
Airway Remodeling ; Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; Rhinitis ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial

PURPOSE: VEGF is thought to be an important angiogenic factor playing significant a role in the aggressiveness of malignant tumor by stimulating neovascularization. We morphologically investicated the tumor angiogenesis in terms of the presence of VEGF expression in advanced gastric carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed immunohistochemical stains for VEGF, CD 34, and MIB-1 (Ki-67) on the 51 paraffin-embedded tissue sections. The degree of angiogenesis was determined by counting microvessel densities and their Ki-67 labelling indices of endothelial cells within the tumors. We evaluated the correlation between the expression of VEGF, angiogenesis and clinicopathologic factors such as histologic differentiation, depth of invasion, and lymph node metastasis. RESULTS: Immunoreactivity for VEGF revealed positivity in 34 out of 51 cases (66.7%). Microvessel densities and Ki-67 labelling indices of endothelial cells reflecting angiogenesis were higher in VEGF-positive tumors than VEGF-negative tumors. There were no conelations between VEGF expression, histologic differentiation and the depth of invasion. We failed to evaluate the conelation of VEGF expression and lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that VEGF expressian is closely related to tumor asso- ciated angiogenesis in advanced gastric carcinoma. Considering that tumor growth depends on angiogenesis, therapies reducing VEGF may be a means of inhibiting angiogenesis and tumor aggressiveness.
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; Coloring Agents ; Endothelial Cells ; Lymph Nodes ; Microvessels ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*

Sex hormone estrogen is one of the most active intrinsic angiogenesis regulators; its therapeutic use has been limited due to its carcinogenic potential. Plant-derived phytoestrogens are attractive alternatives, but reports on their angiogenic activities often lack in-depth analysis and sometimes are controversial. Herein, we report a data-mining study with the existing literature, using IPA system to classify and characterize phytoestrogens based on their angiogenic properties and pharmacological consequences. We found that pro-angiogenic phytoestrogens functioned predominantly as cardiovascular protectors whereas anti-angiogenic phytoestrogens played a role in cancer prevention and therapy. This bidirectional regulation were shown to be target-selective and, for the most part, estrogen-receptor-dependent. The transactivation properties of ERα and ERβ by phytoestrogens were examined in the context of angiogenesis-related gene transcription. ERα and ERβ were shown to signal in opposite ways when complexed with the phytoestrogen for bidirectional regulation of angiogenesis. With ERα, phytoestrogen activated or inhibited transcription of some angiogenesis-related genes, resulting in the promotion of angiogenesis, whereas, with ERβ, phytoestrogen regulated transcription of angiogenesis-related genes, resulting in inhibition of angiogenesis. Therefore, the selectivity of phytoestrogen to ERα and ERβ may be critical in the balance of pro- or anti-angiogenesis process.
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; metabolism ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; metabolism ; Animals ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Phytoestrogens ; metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction

PURPOSE: The precise role of angiogenesis in prostate cancer should be defined. Several reports suggest that thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) possesses a tumor suppressor function, possibly through its ability to inhibit tumor neovascularization. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), one of the most important angiogenic factors in a solid tumor, has shown conflicting results on prostate cancer. Therefore, TSP-1 and VEGF expression in prostate cancer, and their relationship with the p53 status were analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using immunohistochemistry, the expression of VEGF, TSP-1 and p53 was assessed in 75 archival tissues from 23 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 22 localized prostate cancer, and 30 metastatic prostate cancer patients. The relationship between VEGF and TSP-1, and the p53 status, tumor grade and stage was evaluated in patients with prostate cancer. RESULTS: The immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated a higher VEGF expression level (p<0.01) and a lower TSP-1 expression level (p<0.01) in prostate cancer compared to the BPH tissues. In addition, a higher VEGF expression level (p<0.05) and a lower TSP-1 expression level (p<0.05) in metastatic prostate cancer tissues were observed compared to the localized prostate cancer tissues. A significant inverse correlation was found between the TSP-1 and VEGF expression levels. There was a significant association between the VEGF expression level and the p53 status (p<0.05), but the TSP-1 expression level was not associated with the p53 status. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that angiogenic factors including VEGF and TSP-1 might play an important role in the development and progression of prostate cancer. These changes appear to be influenced by the p53 status.
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Thrombospondin 1 ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: When hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is exposed to hypoxic condition, HIF-1α is activated and results in angiogenesis and increased tumor burden. Although inhibition of HIF-1α may reduce tumor growth, there are some limitations to control tumor growth completely. For a more effective therapy for HCC, we investigated HIF-1α independent pathway related tumor growth with angiogenesis. METHODS: We cultured HepG2 cells (HCC cell line) in both normoxia and hypoxia conditions. These cells were divided into three groups: a echinomycin treated group, a echinomycin and quinazoline treated group and a control group without any treatments. Growth morphologies of cells were observed with a microscope after 24 hours. Immunocytochemistry assay was done to detect the angiogenesis during inhibition of HIF-1α and/or NF-κB in hypoxia condition, and compared with results in normoxia condition. RESULTS: In normoxia, the expression of HIF-1α on tumor growth was not found. In hypoxia, inhibition of HIF-1α reduced the tumor growth compared to the control group. But, inhibition of both HIF-1α and NF-κB did not show apparent reduction of tumor growth as shown in HIF-1α only group. CONCLUSIONS: Signaling pathways related to cancer cell growth exist through a vast network. Inhibition of one target molecule may result in over-expression of other molecules related to the tumor growth. For an effective therapy in blocking of the tumor growth, more comprehensive understanding of the network related to signaling pathways on tumor growth is necessary.
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; Anoxia ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Echinomycin ; Hep G2 Cells* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Tumor Burden

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) is a mediator of tumor progression. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the most potent angiogenic factor known to be induced by HIF-1alpha. We investigated the clinicopathological significance of HIF-1alpha and VEGF levels in biopsied gastric cancer tissue. METHODS: Endoscopic biopsy specimens from 67 patients with gastric carcinoma who underwent surgery were available for this study. Semiquantitative RT-PCR was applied to biopsied tumors and normal tissues to determine the expressions of HIF-1alpha and VEGF. The expression levels of HIF-1alpha and VEGF were evaluated using the tumor:normal (T/N) ratios of HIF-1alpha and VEGF mRNA. The clinicopathological variables were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: The T/N ratios of HIF-1alpha mRNA showed significant correlation with lymph-node metastases, distant metastases, stage, and recurrence within 3 years (p<0.05). The T/N ratios of VEGF mRNA showed significant correlation with lymph-node metastases and distant metastases (p<0.05). There was a significant correlation between the T/N ratios of HIF-1alpha and VEGF mRNA (r=0.72, p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The increased expression of HIF-1alpha and VEGF mRNA could reflect aggressive tumor behavior, including the recurrence of gastric cancer. Examination of HIF-1alpha mRNA in biopsy specimens by RT-PCR assay might provide useful preoperative information on tumor aggressiveness.
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; Biopsy ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; RNA, Messenger ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A