Background: Emerging evidence highlights a close relationship between the oral and gut environments from both microbiological and immunological perspectives. Consequently, a plausible bidirectional association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and periodontitis has been increasingly supported by several studies. Recent epidemiological studies suggest that individuals with IBD have a higher risk of periodontitis compared to non-IBD individuals. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and severity of periodontitis in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), compared to a control group without IBD. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted involving 22 IBD patients (2 with CD and 20 with UC) and 44 ageand sex-matched healthy controls from the Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Ulaanbaatar Songdo Hospital. Periodontal evaluation included diagnosis of periodontitis and assessment of full-mouth parameters: probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), full-mouth bleeding score (FMBS), and full-mouth plaque score (FMPS). Results: The prevalence of periodontitis was significantly higher in the IBD group (95.5%) compared to controls (75%) (p = 0.042). A greater proportion of IBD patients presented with stage III/IV periodontitis compared to controls (57.1% vs. 30.3%, p = 0.044). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that IBD patients had approximately a fourfold increased likelihood of having stage III/IV periodontitis (p = 0.012). Variables significantly associated with periodontitis in the total sample included older age, presence of IBD, and higher FMPS and FMBS. Conclusions 1. This study found a significant association between IBD and periodontitis. 2. Patients with IBD were 4–6 times more likely to present with advanced stages of periodontitis compared to healthy individuals, supporting the importance of periodontal monitoring in this population.

Background: In the treatment of plaque-induced gingivitis, in addition to mechanical plaque control, the use of chemical plaque control such as mouth rinses for a certain period has shown a positive effect on treatment outcomes and prognosis. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of a probiotic mouthwash in the treatment of plaque-induced gingivitis. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was designed for a period of 2 weeks on 45 systemically healthy subjects between 20 and 25 years having plaque-induced gingivitis. The study population was divided into three groups. Group 1-15 subjects were advised experimental (probiotic) mouthwash. Group 2-15 subjects were advised positive control (chlorhexidine) mouthwash and Group 3-15 subjects into a negative control group. Oral prophylaxis was done for all groups at baseline. After the proper oral hygiene instructions, groups 1 and 2 were instructed to rinse their mouth with 15 ml of their respective mouthwashes, for 1 min twice daily, 30 min after brushing. Clinical parameters such as Full mouth plaque score (FMPS), Full mouth bleeding score (FMBS) were assessed at baseline, 2 weeks respectively. Results: At baseline, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of FMBS and FMPS mean values (p=0.174, p=0.887). At day 14, the FMPS, FMBS mean values were significantly reduced by all treatment modalities ranking probiotic and chlorhexidine is greater than negative control group (p<0.001, p<0.001). Conclusion The probiotic mouthwash was effectively used as an adjunct to mechanical plaque control in the treatment of plaque-induced gingivitis.