Objective To discuss the relevance between vitreopapillary traction (VPT) and anterior ischemic optic neu?ropathy (AION). Methods Two patients suffering from AION were underwent routine ophthalmic examination, and visual field (VF), fundus fluorescence angiography (FFA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination. The images were analyzed. Results VPT syndrome was observed by OCT in both cases. In addition, the affected parts of VPT were consis?tent to that of AION. Conclusion Vitreopapillary traction is a possible reason of anterior ischemic optic neuropathy.

Purpose: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a relatively common malignancy of the urinary tract. Over the past few decades, methodologies for diagnosing and managing patients with RCC have shown various developmental stages. This study was designed to provide insights into RCC research trends over that period. Materials and Methods: To understand RCC research trends over the past 30 years, we conducted a bibliometric analysis, an appropriate method for evaluating scholarly output. Data were acquired by searching the Web of Science for articles published between 1991 and 2020. Bibliometric analysis and VOSviewer were used to visualize and statistically analyze the research trends. Results: A total of 18,172 articles were identified. The most productive country was the United States (n=4,461, 26.5%), followed by China (n=3,503, 19.9%), and Japan (n=1,950, 11.9%). During keyword analysis, 3 clusters were identified, relating to gene expression, surgical outcomes, and immunotherapy. Over the last 10 years, research has mostly focused on emerging immunotherapy-related drugs. Conclusions Our bibliometric analysis has explained the characteristics of RCC research trends over the past 30 years.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the burn characteristics of female patients hospitalized in a burn center. METHODS: This is a retrospective descriptive study. The subjects were 222 female patients aged over 19 years old having burn injuries from work sites between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2014. Data were collected using electronic medical records about the burn-related characteristics. The data were analyzed descriptively. RESULTS: Many of the subjects were in their forties and fifties. Most subjects showed burns with an area of less than 10% of the body surface with a severity of second degree. Scalding burns were the most frequent. Contact burns were usually of third-degree severity and occurred on hands and wrists. Flame burns affected the largest body surface area and frequently occurred on the face and mainly caused by explosion of a stove or kitchen gas. Chemical burns frequently occurred on the lower limbs. CONCLUSION: Female workers are exposed to the hazards of burn injuries in industrial accidents. Types of burn differ depending on the workplace conditions. Therefore, preventative measures for burn injuries should be established in accordance with the characteristics of each industry to which female workers belong.
Accidents, Occupational ; Body Surface Area ; Burn Units ; Burns* ; Burns, Chemical ; Electronic Health Records ; Explosions ; Female* ; Hand ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Retrospective Studies ; Wrist

The ancient bone DNA analysis essentially requires PCR amplification of the targeting genes of study due to the limitation of the ancient bone sample and DNA amounts. In contrast to the fresh living human DNA, it is common to face failing in amplifying the poorly preserved ancient DNA after death. Therefore, the optimized PCR methods appropriate for ancient DNA are required. However, there is no report to date that a systemic investigation of enhanced PCR amplification methods suitable for ancient samples has been conducted Approximately 500~3,300-year-old Korean and Mongolian ancient bones that are resistant to PCR were selected and an extensive number of PCR conditions were systematically investigated for the comparison of PCR success rates. For the PCR analysis, a mitochondrial DNA fragment as a multicopy DNA and a M175 Y chromosome biallelic marker DNA fragment as a single copy DNA that is the marker of the prevalent Y haplogroup (haplogroup O) in Korea were targeted. The identity of the amplified products were confirmed by DNA sequencing. Through this study, we established the optimized PCR conditions for the highly successful amplification of ancient bone DNAs. This estabilished method allowed for the successful amplification of mitochondrial DNAs from all the ancient bone samples tested and the amplification by 50% success rates in the amplification of M175 Y chromosome biallelic marker DNA but with the highest success rates. These results demonstrate that the optimized PCR condition will be useful for the promising ancient DNA analysis in the fields of molecular genetic anthropological studies.
Coat Protein Complex I ; DNA ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; Humans ; Korea ; Mitochondria ; Molecular Biology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Y Chromosome

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to conduct a grounded theoretical analysis on the hospital accreditation experience of head nurses in order to understand their behavior on the adaption of this new system. METHODS: The participants were 8 head nurses with more than 3 years of experience. The data were collected through in-depth interviews using audiotape recording analyzed by the constant comparative method described in Strauss and Corbin's methodology. RESULTS: There were 113 concepts, 26 subcategories and 12 categories identified through the open coding process. In the axial coding, the following paradigm model was proposed: 1) the causal conditions were ‘hardware problem’ and ‘software problem’, 2) the contextual conditions were ‘vertical relationship’, ‘individual preference’, and ‘family support’, 3) the intervening conditions were ‘passive conditions’ and ‘active conditions’, 4) the action/interaction strategies were ‘leading role’ and ‘dependent role’, 5) the consequences were ‘positive acceptance’ and ‘negative acceptance’, 6) the central phenomenon was ‘difficult situation’ and 7) the core category was ‘leading in harmony’. CONCLUSION: The new system led head nurses having difficulties as the middleman between the hospital administration and general nurses, but they made a continuous effort to overcome and adapt to it through a number of strategies.
Accreditation* ; Clinical Coding ; Grounded Theory ; Head* ; Hospital Administration ; Hospitals, General* ; Methods ; Nursing, Supervisory* ; Tape Recording

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors that influence married female immigrants' perceived health status. METHODS: This study was a retrospective review of dataset from the 2012 National Multicultural Family Survey in Korea. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, an analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression with the data of 3,014 married female immigrants. RESULTS: Multiple regression analysis showed that demographic factors (age, education level, nationality, period of residency in Korea, and residential area), socio-economical factors (monthly family income, employment, support from the government for basic living, and Medicaid), social support factors (marital conflict, satisfaction with family relationships, some one to talk about self or family matters, meeting with homeland friend, and participation in community meeting), and immigration factors (life satisfaction, experience of social discrimination, and difficulties with living and using medical care) were associated with perceived health status. CONCLUSION: It is important to pay closer attention to immigrant women who have low economic status, less social support, experience difficulties with living in Korea and using medical care. An effective support system for this population should be developed in order to help them successfully transition.
Dataset ; Demography ; Education ; Emigrants and Immigrants* ; Emigration and Immigration ; Employment ; Ethnic Groups ; Family Relations ; Female ; Friends ; Humans ; Internship and Residency ; Korea ; Retrospective Studies ; Social Discrimination

PURPOSE: The purpose of this review was to identify the current status of nursing studies on heart failure (HF) patients in South Korea and to suggest future study direction. METHODS: A literature review of databases such as KoreaMed, KERIS and nursing and allied health journal were searched with key terms ‘heart failure’ and ‘nursing’ for the period from January 2000 to February 2017. A total of 35 studies including 28 articles and 7 theses met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: Twenty-seven out of 35 studies were observational studies on outpatients and most of the studies did not mention the ejection fraction and New York Heart Association functional classification class (NYHA class) in the inclusion criteria. Self-care and health-related quality of life as psychological factors, and physical activity as a biological factor, were used as main variables. However, we found it difficult to understand how much score indicates better quality of life because of an inconsistent and wide score. In quality assessment, 8 intervention studies had no serious flaws. CONCLUSION: Further studies should consider more biological and social factors influencing HF. The quality assessment with respect to nursing intervention studies in HF showed that randomized and double-blind trials are needed.
Biological Factors ; Classification ; Heart Failure* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Korea* ; Motor Activity ; Nursing* ; Outpatients ; Psychology ; Quality of Life ; Self Care

The purpose of study is to prevent Nosocomial Respiratory Infection after understand the Correlation about Recognition and Performance of Critical Nurses. Data were collected from Critical Nurses 300 persons who has worked in 14 Subsidary Hospitals of University in Seoul and the collection periode is from Nov. 1st, 1997 to Jul. 14th, 1998. There are 40 questions and constructed by 6 Domains which Hand Washing, Suction Management, Airway Management, Respiratory Instrument, Ventilation and Respiratory Intervention. Also, the Data were analized with SPSS program. The obtained results are as follows ; (1) The Mean of Recognition for Prevention of Nosocomial Respiratory Infection is 4.649 and by Domains, Respiratory Intervention(4.758), Suction Management (4.669), Airway Management(4.660), Hand Washing(4.651), Ventilation(4.605) and Respiratory Instrument(4.561) according to the Mean. (2) The Mean of Performance for Prevention of Nosocomial Respiratory Infection is 3.991 and by Domains, Respiratory Intervention(4.498), Airway Management (4.107), Hand Washing(4.084), Suction Management(3.898), Respiratory Instrument (3.860) and Ventilation(3.690) according to the Mean. (3) In the Correlation of Recognition and Performance for the Prevention of Nosocomial Respiratory Infection, Hand Washing(r=0.755, p=0.000), Airway Management(r=0.724, p=0.000), Respiratory Intervention(r=0.693, p=0.000) are mentioned significant correlation level. The Performance is good whenever the Recognition is high for Respiratory Instrument(r=0.143, p=0.054) but it's not significant level and Suction Management and Ventilation has no Correlation. (4) In Normal Properties, The Recognition is good(p<0.05) when Nurses has plenty Clinical Career, Attendance of the Education and Exclusive Nurse for the Respiratory Infection is in Hospital. The Age is not significant correlation level statistically but represent a little correlation. The Performance is good(p<0.05) when Elder Age, Attendance of the Education and the plenty Clinical Career is not significant correlation level statistically but represent a little correlation. Another properties has no menas. According to the results, Suggestion is as follows ; (1) Required Education to advance Recognition and Performance about Prevention of Nosocomial Respiratory Infection for a little clinical career of Nursing and younger Nurses. (2) It needs to analyze Performance about Prevention of Nosocomial Respiratory Infection by observation of research worker.
Airway Management ; Critical Care* ; Education ; Hand ; Hand Disinfection ; Humans ; Nursing ; Seoul ; Suction ; Ventilation

BACKGOUND: Mass casualties from organophosphorus inhalation die from respiratory depression. Gas supplies and equipment are limited for mechanical ventilation of multiple subjects in emergency situation. Endobronchial insufflation of air (EIA) can be simply performed with air compressor and catheter. The author tried to examine the usefulness of EIA in five apneic dogs induced by tetrodotoxin (TTX) infusion. METHOD: Five anesthetized dogs were intubated with endotracheal tube and endobronchial insufflation catheter and instrumented with arterial catheter and ventilated with controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) while 12 microgram/kg TTX was infused intravenous over 90 minutes to produce apnea. EIA of 1 microliter/kg/min was delivered through a 35 cm long, 0.8 cm ID catheter with a forked end placed astride the carina. During conventional ventilation, arterial blood gases and pH were measured (base line, BL). The data were measured after confirmation of apnea for 1 minute (time=0, control value), and then measured serially for 4 hours of EIA. RESULT: All animals survived and were alert and neurologically normal within 24 hours. The changes of arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) were no significant difference between control value and 10, 20, 30 minute (p<0.05), and arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) were significant increase in control value compared to base line (p<0.05), and pH were no significant difference in all values (p<0.05). Spontaneous respiratory efforts slowly returned after 45 minute of EIA and resulted in the improvement of gas exchange. CONCLUSION: EIA recognized as a sort of ventilatory technique is useful only when other equipments could not be available. The EIA catheter can be placed by cricothyroidotomy. EIA is very helpful in supporting ventilation, and it also helps the apneic dogs stay in normal condition.
Animals ; Apnea ; Carbon Dioxide ; Catheters ; Dogs* ; Emergencies ; Equipment and Supplies ; Gases ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Inhalation ; Insufflation* ; Mass Casualty Incidents ; Oxygen ; Respiration, Artificial ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Tetrodotoxin ; Ventilation*

PURPOSE: This study was done to identify factors related to glycemic control in men with diabetes. METHODS: Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007, 2008 collected by the Korean Center for Disease Control were analyzed using chi-square test and t-test. RESULTS: There was a difference in glycemic control according to the individual factor of economic status. Differences in glycemic control according to health related factors were as follows: fasting blood sugar, cholesterol, triglyceride, sleep duration, experience of depression and suicidal thoughts. CONCLUSION: The results of this study will contribute to improvements in management for men with diabetes through comprehensive identification of factors related to glycemic control.
Blood Glucose ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Cholesterol ; Depression ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Fasting ; Glucose ; Glycemic Index ; Humans ; Male ; Nutrition Surveys