Objective: To investigate the sleep status among primary and middle school students in Zhoushan City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide insights into improving the sleep quality among primary and middle school students. Methods: A district and a county was selected using the cluster random sampling method from Zhoushan City in October, 2019, and grades 4 to 6 primary school students, junior high school and high school students were sampled as the study subjects. Students' gender, grade, residing in schools, duration of homework and duration of extracurricular classes were collected using the questionnaires of the 2019 national program for common diseases and health risk factors surveillance and intervention program among Chinese students. According to the Plan for the Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Myopia among Children and Adolescents, daily sleep duration of 10 h and longer among primary school students, 9 h and longer among junior high school students and 8 h and longer among high school students were defined as adequate sleep, and the proportion of adequate sleep was estimated among primary and middle school students. Results: Totally 3 042 students were enrolled, including 1 587 boys (52.17%) and 1 455 girls (47.83%), 996 primary school students (32.74%), 1 030 junior high school students (33.86%), 758 ordinary high school students (24.92%) and 258 vocational high school students (8.48%). The mean sleep duration was (9.23±1.10) h among primary school students, (8.09±1.05) h among junior high school students, (7.20±1.26) h among ordinary high school students and (7.97±1.03) h among vocational high school students, respectively, and the proportion of adequate sleep was 26.31% among primary school students, 22.82% among junior high school students, 22.56% among ordinary high school students and 66.67% among vocational high school students, respectively. A relatively higher proportion of adequate sleep was seen among primary school students in Grade 4 (33.63%) and with homework duration of less than 1 h (34.53%); among junior high school students in Grade 1 (37.76%), residing in schools (40.00%), studying in county schools (30.87%), with homework duration of less than 1 h (34.69%) and less than 1 h duration of extracurricular classes (33.33%); among male ordinary high school students (28.03%), and ordinary high school students in Grade 1 (28.30%), residing in schools (26.18%) and studying in district schools (25.83%); among male vocational high school students (69.06%) and vocational high school students residing in schools (73.14%). Conclusion The proportion of adequate sleep is low among primary and middle school students in Zhoushan City. The homework duration and duration of extracurricular classes are recommended to be reduced to ensure adequate sleep among primary and middle school students.

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy and safety of Danning tablets combined with endoscopic ligation in the treatment of esophageal varices in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver cirrhosis(NFLC). METHODS:A total of 70 NFLC patients with esophageal varices in our hospital during Sept. 2015-Sept. 2016 were divided into control group and observation group by simple random sampling method,with 35 cases in each group. Both groups received endoscopic ligation. Control group was given Somatostatin for injection with intravenous pump at the speed of 250 μg/h for 72 h after surgery,and Pantoprazole sodium enteric-coated capsules 40 mg,qd. Observation group was additionally given Danning tablets 1 g,tid,on the basis of control group. Both groups were given medicine for consecutive 4 weeks.The situation of ligation and clinical efficacies were observed in 2 groups,and the grading of esophageal varices before and after treatment,the occurrence of re-bleeding events and ADR were observed. RESULTS:The patients of 2 groups completed ligation successfully,there was no statistical significance in the times of ligation between 2 groups(P>0.05). Total response rate of observation group was 91.43%,which was significantly higher than 74.29% of control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in the grading of esophageal varices between 2 groups(P>0.05). One month and three months after treatment,the grading of esophageal varices in 2 groups were significantly better than before treatment,and observation group was significantly better than control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance of 2 groups between 3 months after treatment and one month after treatment(P>0.05).Total incidence of re-bleeding events in observation group was 14.29% within 3-month follow-up,which was significantly lower than 40.00% of control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the total incidence of ADR between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Danning tablets combined with endoscopic ligation show significant therapeutic efficacy for esophageal varices of NFLC,significantly mitigate the degree of esophageal varices and reduce the incidence of re-bleeding without increasing the occurrence of ADR.