ObjectiveTo explore medical students on the level of awareness of bronchoscopy,bronchoscopy teaching methods and teaching effectiveness. MethodsMaking a analysis of the appraisal questionnaire on the theoretical knowledge bronchoscopy study, bronchoscopy operational training of the intemship system of the clinical course. ResultsAfter clinical teaching of bronchoscopy, medical students have improved significantly. their operation skills and motivation in learning the respiratory system anatomy, pathological features, imaging diagnosis and bronchoscopy technology. ConclusionThe clinical teaching of bronchoscopy can improve the quality of clinical teaching in respiratory medicine, which helps to improve the clinical skills of medical students, and lay the foundation for training medical students in bronchoscopy.

Objective To explore the effect of comfortable care in alleviating insomnia for cerebral infarction patients and improve the health of the patients. Methods Selecting 231 conscious and hospitalized cerebral infarction patients randomly from January to December,2005.Giving apprpfi-ate comfortable care measures in acute period,stable period and recovery period.Insomnia WaS evaluated at admission and after two weeks of hospitalization.Results Insomnia of cerebral infaretion patients allevi-ated after two weeks,which was statistically different from that at admission.P<0.01. Conclusions Comfortable care is significant to alhviate insomnia of cerebral infarction patients.reduce the com-plication and improve the quality of nursing service.We should emphasize it and put it into practice widely.

Objective To investigate possible nerological origination of rabbit P3a potential. Method we simultaneously recorded the ERPs at dura and various depths beneath the skull in a point of rabbit skull, similarly did some in different points of rabbit skull. Result In the Brodmann 25 and 32 areas(AcgI), the polarity of P3a to those at dura was markedly reverse and the reverse rate of P3a(81.3%) was significantly higher than other locations, the P3a without polarity reversal showed steep voltage gradient. There was an increasing trend of the P3a reversal and moderate voltage gradient nearby the AcgI, but not other regions. Conclusion Rabbit P3a potential possibly originate from the AcgI acea.

We have made a cheap microsystem of capillary electrophoresis with a new method, integrating the electrodes, injection channel, separation channel, buffer reservoirs and detection cell on a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) chip. Using an integrated micro carbon fiber disk electrode as the working electrode in three electrodes system, 1 × 10-4 mol/L dopamine (DA) could be detected with end-column amperometric detection. The reproducibility was good. Peak current was 6.73 nA、theoretical plate numher was 71300/m and height equivalent of one theoretical plate height was 14.0 μm for 1 × 10-4 mol/L DA. The limit of detection was 3.6× 10-8mol/L and the linear range was extended from 5 × 10-7 mol/L to 1 × 10-4 mol/L for DA. 1 × 10-4 mol/L catechol (CA) and 5× 10- 5 mol/L DA were also separated completely with R. = 10.1.

Objective To evaluate and compare the advantages and disadvantages and the clinical application between transvaginal abdominal hysterectomy(TAH)and laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy(LAVH)on the benign lesions of non-prolapsed uterus.Methods 400 patients with benign lesions of non-prolapsed uterus were divided into two groups,TAH group(202 cases)and LAVH group(198 cases).The effects of clinical treatment of the two groups were compared.Results There were significant differentces between the two groups in operation time,the blood loss,passage of gas by anus,return to normal activities,and overall cost of treatment.However,after 1to 3 months follow-up,all patients were good in terms of outcome.Conclusion Different surgical patterns of hysterectomy had their distinctive advantages.The key point of a successful operation Was to avoid complications of the operation.

This article summarizes the commonly-used acupuncture and moxibustion therapies, such as acupuncture therapy, moxibustion therapy, auriculo-acupuncture therapy,acupoint-injection therapy, electro-acupuncture therapy, acupoint-application therapy and the comprehensive therapy, in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, and explores the possible mechanisms of acupuncture and moxibustion in treating diabetes mellitus from the influence of acupuncture and moxibustion on levels of the blood sugar level, insulin, blood lipid, blood rheology, anti-peroxide, the contents of cAMP and cGMP, and the activity of Na+ -K+/ATPase.

The rational design of teaching contents of physical pharmacy plays an important role in the class teaching.Some practices of designing teaching contents are expounded in detail,including the combination with teaching cases,the integration of the teaching contents,the combination with the research results of the physical pharmacy,and the combination with the pharmaceutical experiments of traditional Chinese medicine.The innovation of this research is the combination of theory and practice and the infiltration between teaching and scientific research.It also puts forward some measures such as continually accumulating and improving the related material,and constructing a rich,shared source material storehouse,etc..

BACKGROUND:Laryngeal cartilage defect has a higher incidence, mainly presenting with pain, sweling, and dysfunction after onset. Currently, surgical treatment is the most used in clinical treatment of laryngeal cartilage defect. Although conventional materials can effectively improve symptoms, there is a poor long-term efficacy. In recent years, there are many clinical studies on cartilage tissue engineering, but less about the actual use in the otorhinolaryngology department.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of polyhydroxyalkanoate polymer carrying chondrocytes on the repair of alogeneic laryngeal cartilage defects.
METHODS:Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHH) served as the extracelular matrix. Tissue engineering technology was used to prepare cel-material composite. Primary tissue-engineered cartilage tissue was transplanted directly into rabbit thyroid cartilage defect (experimental group A), or implanted into a more mature tissue-engineered cartilage for the repair of thyroid cartilage defect (experimental group B). In the experiment, PHBHH group and simple chondrocyte group were set as controls. Repairing effects on thyroid cartilage defect were evaluated through gross and histological observation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Chondrocytes in the primary tissue-engineered cartilage tissues were beaded under scanning electron microscope, and after 4 weeks of culture, a large amount of jely-shaped substrates were visible. Findings from electron microscope observation showed that the cels were distributed on the surface of composite material and cavernous voids, displaying a plurality of smal round projections. Surgical treatment was successful in al the rabbits, and there was no dyspnea and eating difficulties after surgery. One rabbit appeared to have brief wheezing in the experimental group A, two rabbits died of diarrhea in the experimental B group at 2 weeks after surgery. PHBHH composite carrying chondrocytes had certain hardness. At 4 weeks after subcutaneous implantation, mature cels were shaped as white sheets, and the material had elasticity. After 4 and 8 weeks, the space between repair zone and original cartilage tissue was smooth and plain, but the repair zone was colored yelow. In the simple PHBHH and chondrocyte groups, the repair zones were both depressed, only the connective tissues could be seen. Rabbits in the two experimental groups showed less adverse reactions compared with the two control groups (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that PHBHH composite carrying chondrocytes has better effects to repair alogeneic laryngeal cartilage defects.

With the wide application of digital technique in dental clinic,the virtual articulator has become an important tool of CAD/CAM systems for dental labs.The presented article introduces the classification,advantages and setting parameters of the virtual articulator.The authors also comment on the current commercial products of the virtual articulators in the domestic market.

Objective: To investigate the effect of HMGB1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) on the proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of human endometrial cancer cell line HEC-1A, and itspossible molecular mechanism. Methods: Lentivirus vector with HMGB1 shRNA was constructed and infected the endometrial cancer cell line HEC-1A. After viral infection for 72 h, real time PCR and Western blot were performed to investigate HMGB1 mRNA and protein expression. The cell proliferation was determined with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the cell cycle progression of propidium iodide (PI)-stained HEC-1A cells and the apoptotic rate of annexinV/PI-stained cells. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of AKT, pAKT and CyclinD1. Results: Lentivirus vector with HMGB1 shRNA inhibited the mRNA (P<0.05) and protein (P<0.01) expression of HMGB1 in the cell line HEC-1A. The MTT assay demonstrated that HMGB1 knockdown signiifcantly reduced the cell proliferation. FCM results showed that HMGB1 knockdown significantly resulted in the disruption of the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase and the induction of apoptosis. hTe apoptotic rate was (17.89±0.23)%, (4.69±0.20)% and (4.62±0.17)% in the HMGB1 knockdown group, the blank group and the negative group respectively. There was signiifcance difference between the 3 groups (P<0.01). hTe protein expressions of pAKT and cyclinD1 were down-regulated atfer the HMGB1 knockdown for 72 h. Conclusion: Knockdown of HMGB1 expression can significantly inhibit the proliferation and induce the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in the endometrial cancer cell line HEC-1A. PI3K/AKT pathway and down-regulation of the protein expression of cyclinD1 may be involved in its therapeutic mechanism.