Bacterial colonization is a sign of bacterial infection in the hospital, and the bacterial colonization rate indicates the risk of bacteria infection. Newborn infection happen easily in the hospital. In recent years, sereral researches indicate that vaginal delivery, breastfeeding and probiotics usage and so on can lower the probability of intestinal pathogenic bacteria colonization, which can lower the probability of neonatal enterogenous infection. Therefore, there are many factors that can effect on newborn intestinal bacteria colonization, and because experimental conditions are limitated, so we have many problems to solove in the future.

Lymph node mapping, a hotspot in oncology and surgery in recent years, has been successful-ly used in the discovery and resection of the metastatic lymph nodes in patients with melanoma and breast cancer. For the complex of lymphatic drainage and the defect of tracers, lymph nodes mapping is still under investigation. As a new type of nano-materials, the quantum dots are used widely, the tumor lymph node mapping.

Lyophilized storage of red blood cells(RBC) may provide a useful storage alternative Both shelf life and transportation logistics can be improved over those for existing refrigerated or frozen storage. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of lyophilization process on mean RBC recovery. Blood was drawn from healthy adult having no history of either hemoglobinophathy or abnormal RBC metabolism. Blood stored in plastic transfer bags were lyophilized for 16 hours, then it was rehydrated . In group 1, samples were stored at 4℃ for 6 hours, while in group 2 were stored at 4℃ for 5 hours, then 25℃ for 1 hour. The mean RBCs recovery in group 2 was higher than group 1(81 4?7 6% vs 62?10 2%,respectively). Samples were lyophilized using buffer containing different concentrations of glucose, and studies showed that there was no significant difference in mean RBCs recovery between samples in lyophilization buffer containing high and medium concentration of glucose, but low concentration of glucose in buffer resulted in lower mean RBCs recovery. The mean RBCs recovery was 30% in low concentration of glucose buffer and 45 1%, 47 2% in medium and high concentrations of glucose buffer, respectively. We also observed effects of different rehydration buffer with different osmotic pressure, and it showed that high osmotic pressure buffer resulted in higher mean RBCs recovery than iso-osmotic buffer. There was little change in the cell size and cell volume. The results presented in this report clearly demonstrate that human RBCs can be successfully lyophilized. Lyophilization buffer and rehydration buffer may influence the mean RBCs recovery.

Objective: To investigate the effects of endothelin -1(ET-1) in the process of oral carcinogenesis. Methods: A sensitive SABC immuno-histochemical method and image pattern analysis technique were adopted in the examination of the localization and content of ET-1 in human oral mucosa from 10 cases of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), 9 of oral leukoplakia (OLK),14 of oral squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)and 10 of normal control(NOR). Results: (1)Increaed expression of ET-1 was observed in the epithelial cells in OSF, OLK and SCC.The immune reative material was prominent within the cytoplasm and on the cell membrane of spinocells and basiocells.The proportion of ET-1 positive cells and cellular content of ET-1 in OSF,OLK and SCC were all significantly higher than that in NOR (P0.05). Conclusion: The cellular content of ET-1 probably increases in the process from premalignance to malignance.Its overexpression in OSF possibly indicates the potential malignance of epithelial cells.ET-1 may play a possible role in the pathogenesis of OSF,OLK and SCC.

Objective: To establish the determination of Shexianbaixin Pill. Methods: HPLC was applied to determine cinobufagin and resibufogenin. The determination was carried out using an ODS column with a solvent system: acetonitrile 0.5KH 2PO 4. The flow rate was 1.0mL?min -1 , detection wavelength was at 296nm and the column temperature was at 35℃. Results: The linear ranges of cinobufagin and resibufogenin were 0.148?g～0.746?g and 0.116?g～0.580?g, respectively. The average recoveries of cinobufagin and resibufogenin were 100.90%( RSD =1.004%, n =5), and 100.64%( RSD =1.006%, n =5), respectively. Conclusion: This method is simple, accurate with strong specificity and can be used to control the quality of Shexiangbaoxin Pill.

Objective To replace the imported vacuum pump with a Chinese-made instrument using a micro-ELISA negative pressure pump,to further extend the life of the machine.Methods Electric aspirator(YB.Dx23D) was used as source of negative pressure to connect with barrels of waste and the vacuum-phase of imported enzyme immunoassay instrument.The circuit was transformed,and the host matched the load,so the host and negative pressure pumps worked simultaneously.Results Compared with other aspirators,the modified electric aspirator YB.Dx23D has low-noise ratio,high negative pressure,vast flow,small volume,and mobile function.Conclusion The modified aspirator YB.Dx23D electric instrument is well used in washing ELISA plates and the effective use of waste water.Meanwhile,it can be applied to other necessary suction negative pressure(vacuum) equipment.

Objective To explore the relevant factors of hematoma enlargement in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(CH) at acute stage.Methods The clinical data of 208 patients with CH(29 patients with hematoma enlargement) were retrospectively analyzed.Results 27 cases(93.1%)of hematoma enlargement group onset at ≤ 24 h after CH.Compared with non-hematoma enlargement group,systolic blood pressure in the hematoma expansion group was significantly increased;and the rates of Glasgow coma scale(GCS) score decreased,basal ganglia hemorrhage,hepatic dysfunction,long-term alcohol drinking,taking Aspirin and diabetes in hematoma expansion group were significantly higher than those in the non-hematoma enlargement group(P

Objective To determine the origin of cord serum leptin and its relationship with neonatal anthropometry. Methods Sixty five women and their babies took part in this prospective cohort study. Blood was taken from the women just before delivery and from the umbilical cord of their babies at delivery. Serum leptin was measured by radio immunoassay. Neonatal anthropometric measurements were recorded within 48 hours after delivery. Linear regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between serum leptin concentrations and anthropometric measures and multiple regression analysis then applied to determine which variables remained independently associated with leptin. Results The leptin concentration ( ?s )in maternal serum was (19.93?7.21) ng/mL and in cord blood was (10.50?3.45) ng/mL. Cord leptin levels correlated with placental weight, neonatal birthweight, skinfold thickness and ponderal index but not with maternal leptin levels. The correlation with Placental weight and neonatal birthweight remained significant after multiple regression analysis. Conclusions Relatively big serum leptin concentration gradient between mother and umbilical vessels indicates that placenta might play an important role in leptin production. We hypothesize that leptin might play an important role during pregnancy and fetal development.

Objective To study the characteristics of peptic ulcer (PU) of korean nationality(KN).Method The 4842 cases of PU were detected by gastroscopic technique from Jan 1985 to Apr 1999.The patients were divided into Korean nationality(KN,n=3124) and Han nationality(NH,n=1718) groups,the difference of between two groups was compared and analyzed.Results The morbidity of gastric ulcer C(GU) in KN group was obviously higher than that of HN group,however,the morbidity of duodenal ulcer(DU) was lower in KN group.Morbidity of GU was signifcantly higher than those of DU in KN group.In contrary to KN group,it was lower in HN group.The moraibity of composite ulcer(CU) in KN group was significantly higher than those of HN group in the spring,but in the autumn,the CU morbidity of HN group was higher.PU morbidity of KN group in the spring and winter were markedly higher than those of HN group.The helicobacter pylori(HP) infective rate of the patients with PU in KN group was significantly higher than those of HN group.HP positive rate of the patients with DU was obviously higher than that of the patients with GU.The morbidity of ulcer in KN group was significantly higher than that in HN group at gastric antrum,gastric body,anterior wall of duodenal bulb respectively,but the ulcer morbidity of gastric angle,pyloric canal,greater curvative of duodenal bulb were higher in HN group than that in KN group.The morbidity of all types peptic ulcer in KN group was remarkable higher than that of HN group in age over forty.In constrast,under forty-age-old(or equal to forty),the PU incidence of those anatomical situs of KN group was lower than that of HN group.The average phathogenic attack age of all type ulcer in KN group were significantly higher than that in HN group.The morbidity of ulcer of gastric antrum and anterior wall of duodenal bulb were most in two nationality groups,the autumn was the most season in two nationality groups.Conclusions PU of KN has own characteristics in detectable rate,attack season,pathogenetic situs,age of PU attack as well as HP infection etc.

Objective To study the morbidity of Toxoplasma (TOX) and Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in in patient infants and their clinical character Methods The serum CMV IgG/IgM and TOX IgG/IgM ware measured by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) Results The positive rate of CMV IgG, CMV IgM, TOX IgG and TOX IgM were 86.7%, 5.2%,13.9% and 0.4% respectively in in patient infants. The main clinical manifestication of neonatal TOX and CMV infection were premature, small for gestational age, neonatal pneumonia, sepsis, encephalopathy, hepatitis syndrome Conclusion TOX and CMV infection were widely noticed in in patient infants, and their potential damage should be greatly considered in our clinical practice.