The article explores the relationship of the hepatitis C virus infection with interferon treatment and thyroid diseases and reviews the subtypes of the thyroid diseases.Autoimmune and nonautoimmune cases of thyroiditis are often seen in patients with chronic hepatitis C while undergoing interferon treatment,especially in females with positive thyroid autoantibodies.Graves' disease is very rare.The thyroid function may be as a transient thyrotoxicosis,then followed by hypothyroidism.The thyroid function in patients with nonautoimmune thyroiditis is usually easy to recover.

Objective To evaluate the application effect of quality control circle on reducing the defect rate of health education in perioperative period of gynecologic surgery patients. Methods To carry out quality control circle activities, analysis of gynecological surgery patients in perioperative health education defect rate to the cause, the development of countermeasures, to achieve the purpose of continuous quality improvement. Results Before implementation health defects rate was 43.3%(303/700), after the implementation health education defect rate was 11.4%(223/1 950). The health defects rate before and after the implementation showed significant difference (χ2=8.387, P=0.004). The incidence of anxiety before and after the implementation was 11.8%(23/195) and 4.1%(8/195), the difference was significantly different (χ2=7.885, P =0.005). Conclusions To carry out the quality circle activity, can effectively reduce the perioperative health education defect rate and improve the quality of care and patient satisfaction, method is simple and easy to operate, it is worth clinical promotion.

The study was carried out on 52 patients with severe falciparum malaria: 26 cases were treated by quinine, SMP in combination with Thymogene (control group). The results showed that: There is a reduction on cellular immune response in severe malaria. Thymogen has contributed to increase the immune response in comparison with this before treatment. Thymogen has contributed shortening time to defervescence, clearance of parasitaemia and coma duration in 2-days after treatment in comparison to control group. Thymogen also has contributed reducing mortality in severe malaria
Malaria ; thymogen ; Malaria, Falciparum ; therapeutics ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Drug Resistance

BACKGROUND: It has been testified that it is hard for strict individualized insulin treatment to block or reverse the incidence and development of diabetic complications. The best therapeutic effect is obtained by early intervention of Chinese herb for benefiting qi, nourishing yin, activating blood circulation and resolving stasis at the same time of controlling blood glucose.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of huaxiaoyin (HXY), the Chinese herb for reinforcing qi, nourishing yin, promoting blood circulation and re solving stasis on blood lipid, collagen content and fluorescence degree of collagen-protein advanced glycation end products(AGEs) in thoracic aorta in diabetic rats.DESIGN: Complete randomized group division and control experiment were designed.SETTING: Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Diagnostics,Hubei College of Traditional Chinese Medicine MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Center Experimental Room of Hubei College of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2001 to August 2002, in which, 90 Wistar pedigree rats of clean grade were employed.METHODS: ① 12 rats were randomized in normal control. For the rest 78 rats, after 12-hour fasting, streptozotocin (STZ) was intravenously injected from tail at 50 mg/kg for one time. 72 hours later, it was assayed that 16.65 mmoL/L ＜ fasting blood sugar ＜ 33.3 mmol/L indicated successful modeling. Totally 76 rats had been modeled successfully. Diabetic rats were randomized into 5 groups, named model group (n=16), insulin group (n=15), HXY low-dose group (n=15), HXY middle-dose group (n=15) and HXY high-dose group (n=15). ② In normal control group and model group, gastric perfusion was prescribed with normal saline 4 mL. In insulin group, protamine zinc insulin 1-2U was injected subcutaneously. In HXY low, middle and high-dose groups, besides, subcutaneous injection of protamine zinc insulin 1.0-2.0U, HXY was administered [composed of shanyao (Rhizoma Dioscoreae), shengdi (Radix Rehanniae), huafen (Radix Trichosanthis), danshen (Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae), huangqi (Radix Astragali), zhimu (Rhizoma Anemarrhenae), totally 12 herbs, the content of raw herbs was 2 g/mL] at 0.75, 1.5, 2.0 kg/L, 4 mL for each respectively. Gastric perfusion was administered once every day in above 6 groups,and the treating course was 8 weeks. ③ Before treatment, on the 3rd, 6th and 8th weeks after treatment, fasting blood sugar was tested with One Touch Ⅱ tester. 8 weeks later, automatic biochemistry analyzer was used to assay triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC). Thoracic aorta was collected swiftly and chloramine-T method was used to assay hydroxyproline content in the extract from aorta. Hydroxyproline content ×7.14=collagen content. Fluorescence spectrometer was used to assay the fluorescence degree of AGEs in collagen extract. ④ t test was applied for difference comparison of measurement data.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Comparison of fasting blood sugar before and after treatment in each group. ② Comparison of blood lipid,collagen content and fluorescence degree of collagen-protein AGEs in thoracic aorta in 8 weeks after treatment in each group.RESULTS: At the end of experiment, 8, 4, 2, 2 and 3 rats were died in model group, insulin group, HXY low, middle and high-dose groups respectively, due to which, 12, 8, 11, 13, 13 and 12 rats entered result analysis in various groups respectively. ① Fasting blood sugar: Before treatment, it was higher remarkably in model and various treating groups compared with normal control (P ＜ 0.01) and 8 weeks after treatment, it was lower remarkably in insulin group and various HXY groups compared with model group and before treatment (P ＜ 0.01). ② Levels of TC, TG, LDLC in serum: Those in insulin and model groups were higher remarkably than normal control (P ＜ 0.05-0.01). Those in insulin group and various HXY groups were lower remarkably than normal group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01). ③ Level of HDLC: It was lower remarkably in insulin group and model group compared with normal control (P ＜ 0.05-0.01), it was higher remarkably in HXY low and middle-dose groups compared with model group (P ＜ 0.01),it was higher remarkably in HXY low-dose group than insulin group (P ＜ 0.05).④ Levels of TC and TG in serum: Those in various HXY groups were lower remarkably than insulin group (P ＜ 0.05). ⑤ Collagen content in thoracic aorta: It was lower remarkably in various HXY group than insulin group (P ＜ 0.05), it was higher remarkably in model, insulin and HXY high-dose groups than normal control group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01) and it was lower remarkably in insulin group and various HXY group than model group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01). ⑥ Fluorescence degree of AGEs: It was lower remarkably in HXY low-dose group compared with insulin group (P ＜ 0.05),it was higher in model group compared with normal control (P ＜ 0.01) and it was lower remarkably in HXY low and middle-dose groups compared with model group (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: ①HXY, herbal formula for reinforcing qi, nourishing yin, clearing away and promoting blood circulation, increases HDLC and decreases TG, TC and LDLC to different degrees so as to improve lipid metabolic disturbance in diabetic rats, which is especially advantageous at low dose (0.75 kg/L, 4 mL). ② By reducing collagen content of thoracic aorta and decreasing fluorescence degree of collagen-protein AGEs, HXY inhibits collagen nonenzymatic glycosylation in thoracic aorta in diabetic rats.

BACKGROUND: Gentamicin(GM) -induced ototoxicity relates to the permanent injury on the spinal ganglion cells, which are important to the process of hearing and communication.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism underlying antioxidant effect of baicalin(BA) on GM-treated mouse spinal ganglion cells (SCGs).DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial.SETTING and MATERIALS: The research was completed in the Guandong Medical College. Twenty Kunming mice of either gender( clean grade) weighing(15±2) g were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Guangdong Medical College (certificate number: 2003A026). The mice were kept at the environment temperature of 28℃ with relative humidity of 70%.INTERVENTIONS: Twenty mice were randomly divided into control group , GM group(with GM treatment only), BA group(with BA treatment only)and GM + BA group(with GM combined with BA treatment). GM was administered in the GM and GM + BA groups via intraperitoneal injection at 100 mg/kg for 10 consecutive days, and BA was given in BA and GM + BA groups similarly at 100 mg/kg. In the control group, the mice Received saline injection in equivalent volume in the same manner.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The activities of the antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase(T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX) were evaluated and the contents of lipid peroxidation substance malondialdehyde (MDA) measured with ultraviolet (UV) chromatography in SCGs in different treatments.RESULTS: BA could reverse the GM-induced low activities of T-SOD (from 46. 50 to 27.86 NU/mL, P ＜ 0. 01) and GSH-PX(from 83.77 to 42. 34 U,P ＜ 0. 01 ) , and limited the GM-induced high content of MDA(from 11.87 to 17.03 μmol/L, P ＜ 0.01) in SGC.CONCLUSION: BA produces neuroprotective effect on SGCs through eliminating superoxide radicals and inhibiting lipid peroxidation in the event of GM exposure.

To explore the of occupational therapy for the cerebral palsied children was introduced. The assessment areas of occupational therapy and evaluational instruments commonly used. The last part gives the concrete treatment methods that occupational therapy usually adopts in practice, specially in the fields of training and developing the grass motor skills of the upper limbs, the fine motor skills of the hands and ADL skills of the children with cerebral palsy were also stated.

Pneumonia is the primary cause of death in children under five years of age.About 2 million children younger than 5 years die of pneumonia each year worldwide,accounting for 19％ of the total number of deaths.According to the survey in 2008,7％ ～ 13％ of the children with pneumonia are severe pneumonia.Severe pneumonia is a life-threatening disease which needs for intensive care.Cytokine IL-10 is a anti-inflammatory cytokine,and IL-18 is a proinflammatory cytokine,both of them are released by the inflammatory response,and can be involved in severe pneumonia immune-mediated.They are closely related to the occurrence,development and prognosis of severe pneumonia.

ObjectiveTo discuss the zero point position of central venous pressure(CVP) by determining the difference of CVP under 45°,90°lateral position and supine position. MethodsThe CVP of 50 cases performed elective surgery undergoing tracheal intubation anesthesia were measured of lateral position and supine position at the same time,the position of the sensor in the chest wall was marked when the CVP values was the same in the two positions by means of moving the sensors,while changes of BP,HR,SpO2,RR were recorded. ResultsThe CVP under right 45°,90° and left 90° lateral position were statistically significant than that under supine position,the CVP under left 45° lateral position was not significanfly different from that under supine position.The zero point under right 45°,90°and left 45°,90°lateral position situated at the left side of the right anterior axillary line (0.8 ± 0.4)cm,the upper side of the right sterna border line (0.8 ± 0.2)cm,the right side of the left anterior axillary line(0.3 ± 0.2)cm,the lower side of the left sternal border line (2.2 ± 0.3)cm. ConclusionsThe zero point position determined by monitoring the changes of CVP under lateral position can not only comfortably measure CVP but also avoid discomfort and complications in patients by forced supine position.

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs have become the first-line medications for the treatment of choroidal neovascularization (CNV).Its efficacy and safety have been confirmed by evidence-based medicine and a large number of clinical studies.However there are several issues need to be discussed before reaching a consensus for the clinical application of anti-VEGF drugs.These issues include,but not limited to the individual treatment regimen for different CNV lesions,the best anti-VEGF drug regimen,the indications and schemes of combination therapy,the factors affecting the efficacy,the potential risks of systemic and local deliveries.How to establish a reasonable personalized regimen of anti-VEGF drugs is the 1st issue need to be explored.Ranibizumab will come into China market soon.We need utilize the existing evidence-based medical research findings; take our advantages of rich resources of patients to investigate those issues to further promote the anti-VEGF applications in China.

Objective To explore the effect of the electrocision treatment for the same period of the prostatic hyperplasia and bladder cancer patients.Methods Doing the grouping therapy for 166 patients in our hospital who have agreed on the research.Group A:doing the bladder tumor part electricity cutting surgery and removing the prostate gland excision above pubis simultaneously,60 cases,Group B:doing the bladder tumor part electricity cutting surgery and the prostate gland excision transurethral resection electricity cutting simultaneously,66 cases,Group C:only doing the bladder tumor part electricity cutting surgery transurethral resection,44 cases.Results (1) Patients' recovering situation in group A was close to that of patients in group B,but operation time and average hospitalization time was (43.2 ± 16.7) min and (11.3 ± 2.4) d,which were obviously lower than those of group A (P ＜ 0.05).The amount of blood loss of group B was (119.5 ± 72.1) ml,which was obviously less than that of group A(P ＜ 0.05).While the lien urine tube time of group B was (8.6 ± 2.4)d,less than group A.(2)Patients of group A and group B's dysuresia had been improved obviously after the operation.There were only 3.2％ of the patients in group A and group B appearing dysuresia after the operation,but in the group C there was still 28.5％ having dysuresia after the operation,(3)The incidence rate of intraoperative complications was the highest in group A(33.2％),next group C (21.3％),the lowest group B(12.6％).(4) Follow-up 1 year,the recurrent rate of the bladder tumor in group A was 25.3％,group B 18.2％,group C 23.7％,all the tumor recurrences are ectopic recurrences,and after the further consultation,none of those patients taking the electricity cutting surgery relapse again.Conclusions Patients who have Prostate hyperplasia and bladder cancer can avoid the pain of second surgery by taking the electricity cutting surgery,shorten their length of time in hospital,and reduce the costs of health care.Compared with traditional methods,the method of operation is safe relatively,and can control the incidence of complication effectively.From the follow-up visiting,we can find that this surgery has many advantages such as the reliable curative effect,and the lower recurrent rate,so it can be used widely for reference.