Background Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by chronic high blood glucose levels that causes complications in the eyes, kidneys, heart, vessels and nerves. Currently diabetic nephropathy is the most significant long-term complications in terms of morbidity and mortality for individual patients with diabetes. Honey bee venom can be considered as a natural remedy for diabetes due to its blood glucose levels lowering and lipid-regulating effect on diabetic rabbits. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Mongolian honey bee venom (Apis mellifera) on renal dysfunction in alloxan induced diabetic rabbits. Material and Method Twenty two Chinchilla rabbits were divided into three groups: control (n=6), diabetic (n=8), and bee venom treated (n=8). The diabetic group was injected with 5% solution of Alloxan monohydrate 100 mg/kg intravenously behind the ear for 2 minutes to induce diabetes. The bee venom treated group received a bee sting (a sting contains 0.2-0.5 ml of bee venom) on their hind paw every day after their diagnosis of diabetes. Result Bee venom treatment (BVT) led to the following changes: compared to the diabetic group, the bee venom treated group’s blood glucose levels lowered between 14.9% and 26.5%; the plasma creatinine and urea levels were decreased respectively by 19,8% and 14.8%. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were reduced by 14.8%. Conclusion: Treatment with Mongolian bee venom lowered the blood glucose levels and prevents the renal dysfunction in alloxan induced diabetic rabbits

Introduction In 19th century, researchers proved at biochemical level the healing properties of bee products such as bee venom, honey, royal jelly, pollen, propolis and wax. The object of our research is the Apis cerena’s venom properties1-2. Asiatic honey bee or Apis cerana is small honey are small honey bees of southern and southeastern Asia, such as China, India, Japan, Malaysia, Nepal, Bangladesh and Papua New Guinea3. This species is also known as the Himalayan hive honeybee. This species is the sister species of Apis koschevnikovi, and both are in the same sub¬genus as the Western (European) honey bee, Apis mellifera4. Goal The purpose of our research is to study property and potential of bee venom and its effect on immune system. Heal¬ing property of Apis cerana was high. This study proves that bee venom therapy stimulates immunity. Materialis and Methods The research was conducted at the Scientific Research Center of “Monos” Institute of Traditional Medicine and in biochemical Laboratory of “Khuljborjigon” Clinic. For the experiment, we used 23 perfectly healthy mice of same sex and size which meets standards of laboratory testing. We put a bee sting to 0.5 ml of 10% red blood cell (RBC) solution and measured time of heamolysis to de¬fine bee venom potential/capability by Shkenderov S., Ivanov Ts., (1985) method. Following Erne (1963), Kovalev I.E.,(1976), Petrov’s (1980) methodology of studying effects on immune system, we have stung bee venom to 23 mice on the acupuncture point of hind paw every other day in total 3 times. On third day of the experiment, we in¬jected into vein 2ml of 10 % sheep’s RBC to stimulate the immunity. On the fifth day, we defined weight of pancreas, number of pancreatic cells, pancreatic index, and haemagglutination titre. Results Potential of bee venom is determined by speed of heamolysis when bee sting is placed in the 0.5 ml of 10% RBC solution. If we place one bee sting into 1ml of RBC solution then the speed of heamolysis is 46 seconds, when two stings are place speed is 38 seconds and when 3 stings placed then time is 30. Compare to usual speed of heamolysis which is 60 seconds, change in time depending on the number of bee stings proves the effectiveness of bee venom (Table 1). In figure 3, the number of spleen cells of control group’s was 142.71±55.51*106/ml. this is 1.2 times lower compare to normal group which is 172.67±135.5*106/ml. BVT group’s number of spleen cells was 329.78±187.78*106/ml and 1.61 times bigger than in control group. In comparison to control group, haemagglutina¬tion titre of BVT group was 1.13 times higher (BVT group 54.86±19.95%; control group 50±8.83%, p<0.05) and this indicates that BV has immunity stimulating effect. Conclusions From our experiment we can conclude the following 1. Apis mellifera’s bee venom has high treating effect. 2. Bee venom therapy has immunity stimulating activity.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is non chronic imflammatory disease which affects joint synoval membrane and cartilaginous tissue was become as a destruction. We studied shinar-8 compound prescription was the background of our research work which is was less poisonous, with plant origin we formed joint inflammatory model which was stimulated collagen in experimental animal.Purpose: We aimed at studying action against compound prescription inflammation of shinar-8 by forming RA pathological model which was stimulated by collagen in experimental white mouse.Methods and materials: Methodology in our study divided 60 laboratory white mouse into 3 groups (control, comparing and treatment). We did clinical, laboratory and histological analyses on 14, 28, 42 days.Result: Result of determing virulence of shinar 8 compounding prescription, seeing from the result of experience 50% of death forming dosage of liquid tincture prepared wich 1:10 proportion is (LD50) 10,34g/kg. In the process of experiment when we defined leukocytosis change in the blood it revealed in 100% of control group of mice, in 55% of comparing group and in 41% of treatment group. In histological analyse of mouse joint which shinar 8 was used on 14 and 18 days inflammation symptoms disappeared but pannus and erosion still exist, in control group. In histological analyse which was made on the 42 days space between joint was clean, erosion disappeared regeneration of chondrocyte cells improved, nucleus was enlarged, hyperplasia symptoms revealed clearly.Conclusions:1. Virulence of shinar 8 compound prescription was 10,34 g/kg less.2. When we formed RA pathologic model symptom of forming pannus in cartiligous tissie (by histological analyse) it become erosion and serous hyperplasia.3. In the experimental animals which shinar-8 prescription was used symptom of leukocytosis revealed in 41%, on the 35 day symptom of inflammation disappeared and regeneration of chondrocyte cell improved.

Introduction: There are over 1500 plants on our planet that have anti-diabetes properties. Research findings suggest that more than 400 plant species showing hypoglycemic activity on experimental diabetes in animals.Healthy diet, regular physical activity, maintaining a normal body weight and avoiding tobacco use can prevent or delay the onset diabetes. Recently, numbers of high level researches were conducted worldwide to study the nature and mechanism to treat diabetes, tens of methods were discovered, and dozens of medical herbs were studies, yet very few herbal hypoglycemic drugs without side effects and at low cost are found. Scientists are still in search for development of new and better oral drugs for diabetes without side effect at relatively low cost. Materials and Methods: The research was conducted at the Scientific Research Center of “Monos” Institute of Traditional Medicine and in biochemical Laboratory of “Khuljborjigon” Clinic. For the experiment, we used 23 perfectly healthy mice of same sex and size which meets standards of laboratory testing. The Prozorovski3 quick method for the determination of LD50 in the water (20%) and ethanol extractions (30%) of Antidiabetes-3 preparation (AD3). The tested animals were the white mice. Following Erne (1963), Kovalev I.E.,(1976), Petrov’s (1980) 4 methodology of studying effects on immune system, we have Antidiabetes-3 preparation (AD3) were given to the 33 mice 2 times a day in 3ml/200gr dose, during 7 days. On third day of the experiment, we injected into vein 2ml of 10 % sheep’s RBC to stimulate the immunity. On the fifth day, we defined weight of pancreas, number of pancreatic cells, pancreatic index, and haemagglutination titre to screen RBC antibodies.Results: The method developed by V.B. Prozorovski for the calculation of average lethal number was used on 40 white mice (18-22g). Water extraction (10%) was per fused in the tail vein of the experience mouse and the lethal dose (LD50) was 88.9g/kg. These facts prove that the toxic effect of the AD is low. The water (10%) extractions of “Antidiabetes-3” (AD3) preparation were given to the mice 2 times a day in 3ml/200g dose, during 8 days. We have studying compared group “Salimon and Immunal mixture” (S&I) to the mice 2ml/200g dose, during 8 days. On third day of the experiment, we injected into vein 2ml of 10 % sheep’s RBC to stimulate the immunity. On the fifth day, we defined weight of pancreas, number of pancreatic cells, pancreatic index, and hemagglutinin to screen RBC antibodies (Table 1). Figure 1 demonstrates increase in mice’s spleen weight on the 5th day after stimulation of immunity with sheep’s RBC antigen. Spleen weight increase in AD3 group was 1.6 times higher compare to control group (AD3 group 0.16±0.08; control group 0.10±0.02; p<0, 05), and AD3 group was 1.0 times level compare to control group (AD3 group 0.16±0.08; S&I group 0.17±0.09; p<0, 05). In figure 2, the spleen index in control group was 1.24 times higher than in normal group (control group 0, 0047±0.001; normal group 0.0038±0.0004; p<0, 3), AD3 group’s index was 1.3 times higher compare to control group (AD3 group 0.0061±0.002, control group 0, 0047±0.001; p< 0.05), and 1.0 times lower compare to S&I group (AD3 group 0.0061±0.002; S&I group 0.0062±0.003; p< 0.05). In figure 3, the number of spleen cells of control group’s was 142.71±55.51*106/ml. this is 1.2 times lower compare to normal group which is 172.67±135.5 *106/ml. AD3 group’s spleen cell number was 329.78±187.78*106/ml and 1.61 times bigger than in control group. In comparison to control group, haemagglutination titre of AD3 group was 1.13 times higher (AD3 group 54.86±19.95%; control group 50±8.83%, p<0,05) and this indicates that BV has immunity stimulating effect.Conclusions:1. Was defined the Antidiabet-3 preparation LD50, 88,9g/kg, its toxicity of classification (Sydorov K.K 1973) was little toxicity.2. Was defined to immunity stimulating effect the Antidiabet-3 preparation

Introduction: Although the physic-chemical nature and compounds of Otgontenger spring have been relatively studied over the last years, no any substantial scientific work was done in regard to its therapeutic action and significance.It is known that during gastritis, chronic hepatitis and rheumatism macro and micro elements and biologically active compounds dramatically decrease within cells of each related organ and the processes of cell’s bioenergy, bio-synthesis, and re-synthesis [1.2] are imbalanced that leads to loss of cell’s divisibility and its rejuvenescence. Consequently, disbalance in blood coagulation, micro-circulation, ischemia, hypothermia, reperfusion substantial decrease of endurance to anti-oxidant deficiency and anti-radical activity weakness are observed. So, our study has been done basing on our hypothesis that macro and micro elements as well as biologically active compounds in Otgontenger resorts as sulphate ion (SO42-), azotes (N2), hydrosulfuric acid (H2S), oxygen (О2), carbonate ion (СO32-), chloral ion (CL-), hydrogen (Н2), carbonic acid (СО2,) could replace the biologically regulative agents which are cardinally shortened and becoming the main factor of pathologies [3. 4].Goal: The goal of this study is to investigate treatment activity “Otgontenger” resorts treatment experimental conditions. It is purposed to define the redoxy-potentiality and anti-radical activities of Otgontenger resorts.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at the Central Scientific Laboratory of Monos Medical University between 2009-2011. Otgontenger mineral water was transported in a package accordingly to the Mongolian Standard “The Technical requirements to mineral water of treatment and drinking intent” (MNS 3651: 2005). In order to determine the anti-radical activity of the mineral water each portion of the studying water is dissolved in ethanol. After that 0.1 and 0.2 mlg are taken from these solutions and are added to 1.5 mlg of alfa, alfa-demetilpicril-gydralice suspension. The solution is shaken well and once color deeply changed it was defined at 517 HM through spectrophotometer by B.Yu. Kulikov’s method (1995, 1996). In regard to Osmos’s endurance property, 16 white experimental rabbits are taken by mouth 1.0 mlg/200 grams each from the mineral water number 1 of the 1st group, number 18th of the 4th group and number 47th of the 7th group respectively two times a day for the consecutive five days. The blood is taken and centrifuged in a way that serum is segregated and 0.5 mlg of 10 percent erythrocytes is separated. Consequently, 5.0 mlg of distilled water is added and hymolize is carried out. Once gymolize is fully done, supernatant is separated after centrifuge and absorption is measured at 420hm by spectrophotometer. In regard to defining hydropereoxide endurance, the white rabbit is taken by mouth 1.0 mlg/200 grams each from the mineral water number 1 of the 1st group, number 18th of the 4th group and number 47th of the 7th group respectively two times a day for the consecutive five days. The blood is centrifuged and serum is segregated. The blood is taken and centrifuged in a way that serum is segregated and 0.5 mlg of 10 percent erythrocyte is separated. Consequently, 3.0 mlg of Н202 is added and hymolize is carried out. Once gymolize is fully done, supernatant is separated after centrifuge and absorption is measured at 420hm by spectrophotometer.Results: It has been defined that antiradical activity in the erythrocytes’ 4th compartment of the white rabbits taken mineral water number 18th of the 4th group and number 1st of the 1st group increased by 1.11-1.12 times compared to the group not taken, whereas, decreased by 1.1 times by the impacts of the mineral water under 47th number of the 7th group (Table 1). It is shown that the mineral water has effects to increase proton flows at mitochondria membranes and donators’ oxidation, because antiradical activity of the second compartment of the rabbit’s erythrocytes has gone down by 1.13-1.16 times compared to the group not taken because of the mineral water under number 18 of the 4th group and number 1 of the 1st group and number 47 of the 7th group. If we see table 2 and picture 2, it is proved that mineral water has effects to accelerate oxygen flow to erythrocytes or acceptors’ diffusion and as well energy supply because membrane’s peroxide endurance of erythrocytes’ fourth compartment of the white rabbit decreased by 1.11-1.12 times under the influence of Otgontenger resorts number 18 and 1 of the 4th and 1st groups respectively and as well osmos’s endurance property of membrane of the erythrocytes’ 4th compartment decreased by 1.2-1.22 times compared to those not taken it. If we see picture 3, it is proved that mineral water has effects to accelerate oxygen flow to erythrocytes or acceptors’ diffusion and energy supply because membrane’s peroxide endurance of erythrocytes fourth compartment of the white rabbit decreased by 1.11-1.12 times under the influence of Otgontenger resorts with numbers 18 and 1 of the 4th and 1st groups respectively and as well osmos’s endurance property of membrane of the erythrocytes’ 4th compartment decreased by 1.2-1.22 times compared to those not taken it.From picture 4 it can be seen that under the influence of some types of Otgontenger mineral water as 18th number of the 4th group and the first number of the 1st group MDA contained in the second compartment of the white rabbit decreases by 1.11-1.12 times compared to the control group not taken and as well osmoses’ endurance of the erythrocytes’ 4th compartment membrane declines by 1.2-1.22 times which means they have effects to accelerate oxygen flow to erythrocytes or acceptors’ diffusion and consequently energy supply. We can see from picture 5 that under influence of mineral water with number 47 of the 7th group, the oxidise-ferment activity of erythrocytes’ second compartment serum has decreased two times for the control group compared to the ones not taken the mineral water. Moreover, the oxidise-ferment activity of erythrocytes’ first compartment declined by 1.2 times as a result of the mineral water with number 47 of the 7th group. That means that the mineral water suppresses the ferment activity of lipoproteidlipaza but makes the flow of redoxy-line protons accelerated.Conclusion: It has been defined that Otgontenger mineral water has high antitoxic effects to reduce free radicals like DPHH.

Rotenone is a specific inhibitor of the NADH dehydrogenase complex. In mitochondria, rotenone inhibitsthe oxidation of NADH to NAD, thereby blocking the oxidation of NAD and the substrates such asglutamate, alpha-ketoglutarate, and pyruvate. Rotenone also inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chainbetween diphosphopyridine nucleotide and flavine.2, 4-Dinitrophenol – (DNP) is lipophilic weak acids that pick up a proton, transport across the mitochondrialinner membrane into the matrix, deprotonate, then exit as anions before repeating the catalytic cycle,and dissipating the proton gradient. In this situation, electrons continue to pass through the electrontransport system, reduce oxygen to water and metabolic rate, heat are increased, but ATP is lesssynthesized in this process.The macrolide antibiotic - oligomycin binds to the surface of the c8-10 ring of the Fo domain of ATPsynthase, making contact with two neighboring molecules and blocking proton flow, which explains theinhibitory effect on ATP synthesis. Intraperitoneal injection of oligomycin into the rat (0.5 mg per kg)reduces the oxygen consumption by about 50%; decreases ATP production by the aerobic pathway andincreases formation of lactate in blood serum. These changes may cause a decelerated metabolism andan increased formation of free radicals or ROS in membranes.

Background. This study is to determine mode of metabolism on triple collaboration bridges of traditional medicine, modern medicine and NCM.Goal. To determine membrane redoxy potentials three line involves important regulation factors on mode of metabolism which relationship connected with rlung, mkris, and badgan symbolic code.Materials and Methods. Only 81 healthy individuals were involved in the study. Proton leak was determined by quantity rate of MDA in cell membrane and membrane resistance, proton conductance was determined by serum and urine oxidase activity.Results. The table 1 shows quantity rate of membrane resistance was decreased 1.08-1.52 fold, HDL content was decreased, and however LDL was increased. This result is to manifest low proton leak which means this type is likely belonged to badgan symbolic code with qualities cold fatty, earth, water. The table 2 shows serum and urine oxidize activity 2.22-6.1 fold was increased, HDL content was increased; UCP-3 gene activity relatively was increased. This result is to manifest highproton conductance which means this type is likely belonged to mkris symbolic code with qualities hot fatty, fire.Conclusions:1. Individuals with high proton leak and slow proton conductance had serum and urine oxidize activity were weak, therefore there are visceral and subcutaneous fat were low.2. Individuals with medium proton leak and high proton conductance had serum and urine oxidize activity were high, therefore there are visceral was low and subcutaneous fat was high.3. Individuals with weak proton leak and medium proton conductance had serum and urine oxidize activity were medium, therefore there are visceral was high and subcutaneous fat was low.

Introduction: The training of traditional medicine is closely related to its origin.However, the great number of Mongolian and foreign scientists have been conducting the scientific papers during the last years and getting the fundamental contribution to develop the education system of Traditional Mongolian Medicine.Goal: Therefore, we conducted the research paper with the purpose to properly determine the education system of tradition medicine.• To clarify the historical development of education development of Traditional Mongolian Medicine• To compare and clarify the training of Traditional Mongolian Medicine with the modern education system.• To clarify the education level of Traditional Mongolian Medicine.Materialsand Methods:Books including the origins relevant to the history of Traditional Mongolian Medicine kept in The State Central Library of Mongoliaand Natsagdorj’s library, creaturesfor academic degree related to the Traditional Mongolian Medicine kept in the Mongolian foundation for Science and Technology library of were used and based on the following methodology, the research paper was conducted, herein1. Study of original manuscript and source materials: Method expressing the transformation legitimacy of information based on a particular traditional historical bibliography and original manuscript by M.Otgonbayar (1995).2. Method of historical comparision: We tried to conclude history of Mongolian education system and actual process of historical development from ancient time to modern days based on the proper evidences.3. Supposition method:In order to determine the document, information and historical activities in a particular age, the method of the research paper to recite them, was used.Result: In order to reach the main purpose of our research paper, we determined the training system of the education system of Traditional Mongolian Medicine based on the historical frequency of Traditional Mongolian Medicine and clarify whether the Traditional Mongolian Medicine were in every frequency or not by researching and finding the books and teachings. Furthermore, with the purpose to clarify the level of high education, the following result has been reached when comparing the modern medical level with the provisions of (Law on higher education). In accordance with the Mongolian Law on Education, and provisions of Law on High Education, and historical books and writings, present research paper was conducted.Conclusions:1. The total of 8 frequency of ages of traditional medicine development, including the basics of the education system of Traditional Mongolian Medicine, was originated from BC 209 to AC 1206 or the training of traditional medicine was established, the education system of Traditional Mongolian Medicine was consisted from 1206 to 1578, the training of traditional medicine was developed fromХYI century to the middle of ХIХ century, the education system of Traditional Mongolian Medicine was formed from the middle of ХIХ century to 1921, the traditional medicine was developed with the foundation of modern medicine from 1921 to 1942, the starting of traditional medicine of socialism age was developed from 1942 to 1990, restoration of the education system of Traditional Mongolian Medicine from 1990 to1996, and new age of the education development of Traditional Mongolian Medicine was started from 1996 to nowadays.2. The training system of Traditional Medicine for physicians was formed with several stages3. Depending on the stage in which physicians of Traditional Medicine studies, the education degree was conferred similar to the modern days’ education system.

BackgroundThe overindulging alcohol leads to the structural changes in neurons of the brain, and to damages ofthe brain cognitive processes.GoalTo determine the neuroprotective effect of complex herbal medicine «Sedaphyte» on ethanol inducedexperimental animal model.MethodsWe determined an abilities of avoid the inactive - unconditional reflex of rats on ethanol inducedexperimental model in dose 40% ethanol 9 ml/кg during 45 days per os. We were measured thequantity of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of catalyze in brain tissue and analyzed thehistology of brain tissue. The water infusion of complex herbal medicine «Sedaphyte» used in dose1,0 ml/100g, also in comparison group was used Pyracetam in dose 200 mg/kgResultsThe complex herbal medicine «Sedaphyte» preserved the inactive - unconditional reflex of rats onchronically administrated ethanol in the form of keep in the dark chamber period was enhanced in67 - 70% after 24 hours and in 44, 3 - 66, 8% after 7 days in comparison with control group. Also“Sedaphute” was decreased the amount of dark hyperchromic cell in hippocampus of rats brain onethanol - induced alcoholic intoxication in 40%, the concentration of MDA in 52% and enhanced thecatalyse activity in 30% in comparison with control group.Conclusion. Our studies were shown that the complex herbal medicine “Sedaphyte” hasneuroprotective effect in the experimental alcoholic intoxication. The principal mechanism of thispharmacological neuroprotective action is connected with the inhibition on lipid peroxidation andstimulatation on the antioxidant system of complex herbal medicine “Sedaphyte”.

Background: Some findings of an artifacts have revealed that nature based the raw have been used for the treatment of mankind's diseases over 60 000 years ago. WHO estimates that about 80 percentage of the world's population are consume the traditional medical care, and uses more than 21,000 plant species for therapeutic purposes. In order to help guide its member countries the World Health Organization (WHO) has developed The WHO Traditional Medicine Strategy 2014-2023. Some of the strategic actions in this document include:
• To develop and share appropriate research methodologies and criteria for evaluating the safety, efficacy, and quality of TM (Traditional Medicine) products;
• To study and explain the disease prevention, health maintenance, the diagnosis and the treatment of the TM disease according to the evidence based scientific studies. Objectives: to determine the most frequently used medicinal plants for the treatment of "Rlung" in the TM. Methods: The comparison method, the synthesis and analysis method, the induction and deduction method, the listing and sorting method, the inspecting and arrange method, and the methods of documents' drafting were used in this study. Results: It is shown that over 80 raw materials of plant, mineral and animal origins has to list within 32 drug recipes which used "Rlung" disease of TM. The first five raw materials from these 80 ingredients have been repeatedly lists zadi - 30, agar (black, white, red agar) -19, arur-19, lish -18, and nin shosh -18 times. Conclusion The most frequently used the raw materialin the treatment of "Rlung" diseases is the seeds of Myristica fragrans Houtt. which contains a lot of the saturated acids with membrane-enhancing effects and strong antioxidant substances.