Leiomyoma of the urinary bladder is not often encountered, occurring in only 0.43% of all bladder tumors. Among the known cases, patients usually present with obstructive symptoms, irritative symptoms or hematuria. This is a rare case of a 50-year-old male who was incidentally diagnosed to have a bladder mass. After cystoscopy, an open partial cystectomy was done with complete resection of the bladder mass. Final histopathology and immunochemical stains confirmed the diagnosis of leiomyoma of the urinary bladder.
Leiomyoma

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Differences in ethnicity and geographical factors may have an effect in the characteristics of the prostate in men. To date, there is no demographical data regarding the average prostate volume among Filipino males stratified per age. METHODS: Retrospectively collected data from 3568 consecutive patients who had an ultrasound of the prostate from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2016. Age and prostate volume by ultrasound were collected. Patients who had previous prostate surgery were excluded, and for uniformity of results, only patients who underwent transabdominal prostate ultrasound were included. RESULTS: Patients were stratified into the following age groups: 29 and below, 30 to 39, 40 to 49, 50 to 59, 60 to 69, 70 to 79, and 80 and above, and present results showed that the mean values of prostate volume were 15.8 ± SD 5.4, 19.6 ± SD 5.7, 22.1 ± SD 7.3, 28.0 ± SD 11.0, 34.0 ± SD 17.9, 39.6 ± SD 28.13, 39.2 ± SD 23.3, respectively. CONCLUSION The mean prostate volume among Filipino males increases with age and the threshold for an enlarged prostate might need an adjustment in dealing with Filipino patients.

INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the sperm retrieval rate and factors influencing its success among patients who undergo conventional or microsurgical testicular sperm extraction (TESE) for non-obstructive azoospermia. METHODS: Data were from 223 consecutive patients who underwent conventional or microsurgical TESE from August 2011 to January 2021 under two urologists of the center. Data regarding age, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, estradiol, testicular size, histopathology, surgical technique, and sperm retrieval were collected. Patients with obstructive azoospermia, repeated TESE procedure, and those who underwent TESE for oncofertility were excluded. Using simple logistic regression analysis, the relationship of the different factors to successful sperm retrieval was computed as odds ratio. RESULTS: The overall surgical sperm retrieval rate was found to be 65.71%. The odds ratio of successful sperm retrieval were 1.04 (95% CI 1.00-1.09) for age, 0.94 (95% CI 0.91-0.97) for FSH, 0.93 (95% CI 0.87-0.99) for LH, 1.24 (95% CI 0.99-1.55) for testosterone, and 0.93 (95% CI 0.88-0.98) for estradiol. Decreased testicular size was also associated significantly with lower sperm retrieval rate (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.09-0.56). Histopathologic pattern and surgical technique were also significantly associated with successful sperm retrieval. CONCLUSION The surgical sperm retrieval rate in this institution is comparable to the global surgical sperm retrieval rate. Age, FSH, LH, estradiol, testicular size, histopathologic pattern and surgical technique were found to have significant association to successful surgical sperm retrieval.