From the roots of Stephanie sp, in Quangninh province a fur substance was isolated. On the basic of m.p, ()20D, UV, IR, MS, 1H-NMR. COSY, INEPT, HMBC, 13C-NMR, DEPT analyses it was identified to be cycleanine
cycleanine ; Alkaloids

Chemical investigation of the leaves of Gelsemium elegans growing in Vietnam resulted in the isolation of the indol alkaloids: gelsevirine, gelsenicine and koumine. The isolated compounds from this plant were tested for the antimicrobial and cytotoxicity activity
Indole Alkaloids ; Biological Markers ; Alkaloids

Protoberberine alkaloids belong to the quaternary ammonium isoquinoline alkaloids, and are the main active ingredients in traditional Chinese herbal medicines, like Coptis chinensis. They have been widely used to treat such diseases as gastroenteritis, intestinal infections, and conjunctivitis. Studies have shown that structural modification of the protoberberine alkaloids could produce derivative compounds with new pharmacological effects and biological activities, but the transformation mechanism is not clear yet. This article mainly summarizes the researches on the biotransformation and structure modification of protoberberine alkaloids mainly based on berberine, so as to provide background basis and new ideas for studies relating to the mechanism of protoberberine alkaloids and the pharmacological activity and application of new compounds.
Alkaloids ; Berberine ; Berberine Alkaloids ; Biotransformation ; Coptis

From the tube of Stephania dielsiana (Menispermaceae) collected in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh province, three alkaloids dehydrostesakine (LO3C), 1,2-methylendioxy- 8,9-dimethoxy-7-oxodibenzo quinoline (oxocrebanin) (LO5B), and 1,2-methylendioxy-8-methoxy-7-oxodibenzo-quinoline have been isolated and charaterized by spectroscopic analyses (mainly by 1D and 2D NMR). Among them, the 1,2-methylendioxy-8-methoxy-7-oxodiben-zoquinoline is a new compound
Alkaloids ; Skeleton ; Stephania

Some unstable secodines 14, 16, 4, 5, stable hydrosecodines 13, 15 ,19, 20, 21, 22, 23 and aspidospermane type compounds 17,18, 9, 10, were prepared. Chemical properties of these compounds were studied by the transformation of stable secodine 13 into unstable secodines 4 and 5, result: vincadifformine 9 and 10 were generated.
Analogs & derivatives ; Alkaloids

We have extracted and colleced the alkaloid from Dichroa febrifuga Lour, by Sohxlet (1,2). The total alkaloid in the rest of extracted solutions was seperated by the paper chromatography. We have obtained the solvent systems fit for the split extraction.
Alkaloids ; Plants, Medicinal

Chemical compositions were determined by qualitative reactions, the results showed that Radix Aconiti carmichaelii lateralis in Sa Pa containing total alkaloids, diesteralkaloid, lipid, carotenoid, sterol, cumarine, organic acids, free sugars and amino acids. Alkaloid in Radix Aconiti carmichaelii lateralis in Sa Pa was maximum absorbed at wavelength of 231nm. The content of total alkaloid didn’t fluctuate much: from 1.15% (in July) to 1.21% (in August, October), similar to Radix Aconiti carmichaelii lateralis in China. The content of diesteralkaloid of Radix Aconiti carmichaelii lateralis in Sa Pa fluctuated much: from 0.21% (in July) to 0.34% (in October), higher than Radix Aconiti carmichaelii lateralis in China. It is necessary to identify gathering time with high productivity, to establish standards for Radix Aconiti carmichaelii lateralis, processed Radix Aconiti carmichaelii lateralis and to define the content of total alkaloid, diesteralkaloid
Aconitum ; Alkaloids ; Chemistry

Perennial herb Hymenocallis littoralis(Amaryllidaceae) boasts anti-tumor, anti-virus, and anti-inflammatory activities. As the representative constituents, alkaloids have attracted much attention, whereas the non-alkaloid constituents have been rarely reported. Therefore, this study investigated the non-alkaloid constituents of H. littoralis and their contribution to the various pharmacological activities of the herb. Thirteen non-alkaloid compounds were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of dried whole plant of H. littoralis after a series of chromatographic separation steps and spectral analysis, and they were identified as 5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethoxy-2-hydroxymethyl-4H-chromoen-4-one(1), undulatoside A(2),(2S)-7,4'-dihydroxyflavane(3), naringenin(4), 4',7-hydroxy-8-methylflavanone(5), 8-methylnaringenin(6), 8-demethylfarrerol(7), 6-methyl-aromadendrin(8), 4',5,7-trihydroxy-8-methylflavanone(9), syzalterin(10), 6-methylapigenin(11), isoliquiritigenin(12), and undatuside C(13) based on the spectroscopic data analysis. Among them, compound 1 was a new chromone derivative, and compounds 2 and 4-13 were isolated form this plant for the first time.
Alkaloids ; Amaryllidaceae ; Chromones ; Liliaceae

Objective: Manihot esculenta (Crantz) leaves have been used for the management of diabetes based on cited ethnopharmacological studies. However, scientific evidence to support its efficacy is lacking. The aim of the study was to assess the cytotoxicity of the aqueous leaf extract and fractions of Manihot esculenta and its potential hypoglycemic effect on male Swiss albino mice. Methods: The cytotoxicity assay was necessary to screen which extract and fractions will be used for the in vivo hypoglycemic study. : Phytochemical screening identified the composition of the aqueous crude extract and its fractions. The phytochemical results showed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinone glycosides, carbohydrates, phenolic glycosides, saponins, and flavonoids. : Cytotoxicity was screened using CytoTox 96® (Promega), a NonRadioactive Cytotoxicity Assay on liver cancer (HepG2) and normal kidney (HK-2) cell lines. Five samples were tagged as highly cytotoxic and were flagged for further assays. These samples were DCM fraction (100 ppm), n-Hexane fraction (1 and 10 ppm), Ethyl acetate fraction (1 ppm), and Aqueous fraction (100 ppm). Results: The hypoglycemic activity was examined in alloxan-induced diabetic mice using in vivo hypoglycemic study. The aqueous crude extract at dose levels of 200 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg body weight showed significant reduction in blood glucose levels compared to the diabetic control but not exceeding the results in the metformin treatment group. A p-value of 0.05 set a priori was used to consider whether the intervention had a statistically significant difference compared to the diabetic control. Conclusion The effectiveness of aqueous crude extract in reduction of blood glucose in mice may be attributed to the synergistic effects of phytochemicals present, especially the alkaloids which were retained in the extract but were undetectable in the fractionated samples. The results of this study also support the findings of existing ethnopharmacological studies on M. esculenta leaf extract as a hypoglycemic agent.
alkaloids ; hypoglycemic agents ; ethnopharmacology

Coptidis Rhizoma is a common Chinese medicinal in clinical practice,with the effects of clearing heat,drying dampness,purging fire,and removing toxin. All the medicinal plants of Coptis can be used for clinical treatment,but some species are endangered due to resource destruction and difficulty in planting. The dominant medicinal components in Coptidis Rhizoma are isoquinoline alkaloids. There are various methods for the analysis and detection of alkaloids,such as LC-MS,HPLC,and TLC,among which LC-MS is the most widely applied. Different plants of Coptis vary in the kind and content of alkaloids. C. chinensis,C. deltoidea,C. teeta,C. chinensis var. brevisepala,C. omeiensis,C. quinquefolia,and C. quinquesecta mainly contain berberine,palmatine,coptisine,jatrorrhizine,and columbamine,five effective alkaloid components. Plant isoquinoline alkaloids( PIAs) have strong pharmacological activity but are difficult to prepare. The application of synthetic biology of PIAs will be helpful for the clinical application of PIAs. This paper reviews the research progress on biological resources of Coptis species and structures of alkaloids as well as analysis methods and synthetic biology for isoquinoline alkaloids in the medicinal plants of Coptis in recent years,which will facilitate the protection of Coptis medicinal resources and the application and development of alkaloids.
Alkaloids ; Berberine ; Berberine Alkaloids ; Coptis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Isoquinolines ; Rhizome