Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression of Snail in 5 specimens jusxta-eancerous normal breast tissues, 35 specimens of cancerous tissues without metastasis and 20 specimens of breast carcinoma with lymphonode metastasis. Breast carcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231 was transfected with antisense Snail. Results showed that the expression of Snail protein was significantly higher in breast carcinomas than in their normal tissues. The mRNA and protein expressions of Snail in the breast carcinoma cells treated with antisense Snail was significantly decreased while the E-cadherin protein significantly increased (both P < 0.05). The number of invasive ceils treated with antisense Snail was (10.5±1.3)%, while in treated with EGFP was (68.2±2.1)% (P < 0.05). The abnormal expression of Snail contribute to the invasiveness of breast carcinoma. The antisense Snail could prevent the cells ability to invade in vitro, and the effect is related with the up-regulated E-cadherin protein.

Objective To research the effect mechanism of ultrashortwave in the correlation of ultrashortwave and the tail replantation, provide the experiment basis of clinical practice of prevention and cure for the vascular crisis after micromodule anastomosis. Methods Eighty Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats of clean grade were 3-month-old,female,and were divided into four groups:control group (group 0),model group (group 1 ),contrast group (group 2),ultrashortwave (USW) group (group 3).The preparation of tail replantation model was cut off soft tissue except for caudal veins on both sides of the tail. The coccyx was not broken away from tail.At last,the audal artery under abdominal main centre ditch was anastomosed.In experiment process, the USW group was divided into high dosage group (group 3A) and low dosage group (group 3B). The caudal arterys were ligated and not anastomosed in the group 0. Caudal arterys in other groups were anastomosed.Rats in the group 0 and group 1 received no treatment,normal management after the operation. Rats in the group 2 were given abdominal cavity injection of papaverin liquid immediately,then once a day to 5 days after the tail replantation.Rats in the group 3 were immediately given USW therapy of twenty minutes on the anastomosis section,and then once a day for 5 days after the tail replantation.The USW dosage of group 3A was 3th grade and 50mA. The USW dosage of group 3B was 2th grade and 28mA.The survival rate of the rat tails was observed after the tail replantation for 10 day.Before being grouped,it was measured that the tail skin temperature diference between near and far side of anastomosis section.After the tail relpantation, the temperature diference was inspected daily for 10 postoperative days hence. Before rats were grouped and the eighth hour after the tail replantation, rats were collected blood plasma specimens and measured contents of nitric oxide with destination colorimetric mathods of nitric oxide.Results Carrying out comparison of survival rate of every group,the output weve:between tail cutting off group (group 0,0) and tail replantation group (group 1,2,3,43.94％) to compare P ＞ 0.05; between each group of the tail replantation groups (1,2,3A,3B group) to compare P＞ 0.05,group 3B ＜ 2 ＜ 1 ＜ 3A; between group 3B and group 1 to compare P ＞ 0.05; between group 2 and group 1 to compare P ＞ 0.05. Each group were compared with the change daily between postoperative and preceding operative the skin temperature diference,single-factor analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA) analysis:Postoperative 1 day,group 3A ＜ 1,P ＜ 0.05.Postoperative 6 day:3A ＜ 3B ＜ 1 ＜ 2,P ＞ 0.05.Postoperative 7 day:group 3B ＜ 1 ＜ 3A ＜ 2,P ＜ 0.05.Each group were compared with the change of the content of nitric oxide between postoperative 8 hour and preceding operative,with rank-sum test:group 3B ＞ 3A ＞ 2 ＞ 1 ＞ 0,H =33.760,P ＜ 0.05,shows statistically significant.Conclusions USW therapy,especially USW low-dose therapy,can reduce vascular crisis and improve the survival rate of replanted rat tails,after the postoperative 1,6,7 days,reduce skin temperature,improve blood supply,improve nitric oxide at postoperative eighth hour,prevent vascular crisis.Rat tail replantation model in this experiment is feasible.

The well-known detrimental effects of cadmium (Cd) on plants are chloroplast destruction, photosynthetic pigment inhibition, imbalance of essential plant nutrients, and membrane damage. Jasmonic acid (JA) is an alleviator against different stresses such as salinity and drought. However, the functional attributes of JA in plants such as the interactive effects of JA application and Cd on rapeseed in response to heavy metal stress remain unclear. JA at 50 µmol/L was observed in literature to have senescence effects in plants. In the present study, 25 µmol/L JA is observed to be a "stress ameliorating molecule" by improving the tolerance of rapeseed plants to Cd toxicity. JA reduces the Cd uptake in the leaves, thereby reducing membrane damage and malondialdehyde content and increasing the essential nutrient uptake. Furthermore, JA shields the chloroplast against the damaging effects of Cd, thereby increasing gas exchange and photosynthetic pigments. Moreover, JA modulates the antioxidant enzyme activity to strengthen the internal defense system. Our results demonstrate the function of JA in alleviating Cd toxicity and its underlying mechanism. Moreover, JA attenuates the damage of Cd to plants. This study enriches our knowledge regarding the use of and protection provided by JA in Cd stress.
Brassica napus/metabolism* ; Cadmium/toxicity* ; Catalase/metabolism* ; Cyclopentanes/pharmacology* ; Oxylipins/pharmacology* ; Photosynthesis ; Plant Leaves/metabolism* ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism*