AIM To explore the antagonistic effect of scutellarin on the liver toxicity of upper limit intake (UL) of Se. METHODS Chemical luminescence was used to determine the scavenging effect of scutellarin on reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by Na 2SeO 3 in vitro . MDA content, the activities of SOD, CAT, GSH Px and histopathological sections were measured to investigate the effects of scutellarin on Se toxicity in rats. RESULTS In vitro experiment showed the ability of scutellarin to inhibit the generation of ROS effectively. MDA content was significantly decreased, the activities of SOD, CAT and GSH Px were significantly increased and liver injury was alleviated obviously in the UL Se plus scutellarin group as compared to the only UL Se group. CONCLUSION Scutellarin markedly antagonized the liver toxicity of UL Se through scavenging ROS induced by excess Se.

Objective To assess the effect of the gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) for acoustic neuromas, and to analyze the MRI features of the tumors after GKS. Methods GKS was performed in 309 patients with acoustic neuromas from December 1994 to December 2002 at our center. The Leksell Gamma Knife models B and C were used. 249 cases with 256 tumors were followed up with MRI, which included 107 males and 142 females. The median age of the patients was 48.7?14.2 years (10-77 years). GKS was applied as primary treatment for 189 cases (75.9%), and was an adjunctive management approach for 60 cases (24.1%). The median clinical follow-up period and radiological follow-up period was (26.4?21.3) months (6-101 months) and (22.4?19.0) months (6-93 months), respectively. Results Of the 256 tumors, 79 tumors (30.8%) regressed, 165 tumors (64.5%) remained stable, 12 tumors (4.7%) enlarged, and the overall tumor control rate was 95.3%. Among 30 tumors of NF-Ⅱ , 8 tumors (26.6%) regressed, 19 tumors (63.4) remained stable, and 3 tumors (10.0%) enlarged, and tumor control rate was 90%. The rate of hearing deterioration was 22.7%, the rate of permanent facial paralysis was 0%, the rate of transient facial paralysis was 5.9%, and the incidence of transient trigeminal neuropathies was 19.9%. On the image of follow-up MRI, 79 tumors (30.0%) showed loss of contrast enhancement (LOE). LOE was the imaging property of neuromas on follow-up MRI, which symbolized a chronic decrease in the vascularity of neuromas. The histological findings of LOE demonstrated radiation-induced tumor necrosis. The transient swelling of tumors could not be confounded with the growth of tumors. Conclusion GKS is confirmed to be an effective treatment for acoustic neuromas and plays an important role in the control of NF―Ⅱ, and GKS can prevent cranial nerve from injury to a great extent.

AIM To study the effects of Scutellarin on glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase gene expression and activities in liver, kidney and testis tissues of rats supplemented with upper limit intake (UL) of Se. METHODS RT PCR and enzyme activities were used to determine GSH Px and TR mRNA levels and activities. RESULTS GSH Px and TR mRNA levels and activities were remarkably decreased in livers of rats supplemented with UL Se. Scutellarin significantly increased GSH Px and TR mRNA levels and activities in livers of rats supplemented with UL Se. No significant effects were found in rats treated with only Scutellarin as compared with the control. There were also no significant effects of UL Se on GSH Px and TR mRNA levels and activities in rat kidney and testis. CONCLUSION Scutellarin effectively antagonized the decrease of GSH Px and TR mRNA levels and activities in rat livers due to supplementation with UL. The effect of UL on GSH Px and TR mRNA levels shows tissue specificity.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of a fast-track surgery (FTS) program on the clinical outcomes in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension.Methods42 cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension were randomly allocated into the FTS group (n=21) and the conventional therapy control group (n=21).The postoperative time to first defecation,hospital stay,hospitalization cost,and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.ResultsCompared with the control group,the postoperative time to first defecation was significantly shorter in the FTS group (P=0.0287).Furthermore,the postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in the FTS group than the control group (P=0.002).Additionally,hospitalization cost was significantly lower in the FTS group than the control group (P＜0.001).The postoperative complication was also significantly different between the two groups (7.15 ％ vs 21.5 ％,P=0.001).ConclusionA FTS program contributed to better postoperative rehabilitation in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension.

Objective: To study the effects of sodium selenite at large doses on selenoenzyme gene expression and activity in rat livers. Methods: Rats were injected intra-peritoneally (ip) with 0, 20, 40, and 80 ?g /(kg?d) Se of sodium selenite dissolved in 0.9% physiological saline for 15 days. Livers were sampled and partly used for histological study. The rests were homogenized for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to semi-quantitatively detect differential gene expressions of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and thioredoxin reductase (TR) in livers. Meanwhile, selenoenzyme activities, Se contents and MDA levels were also measured. Results: Compared with the control group, the mRNA levels and enzyme activities of both GSH-Px and TR increased in rats supplemented with 20 ?g/(kg?d) selenite. However, the mRNA levels and activities of both selenoenzymes decreased significantly in rats injected with selenite at doses of 40 and 80 ?g /(kg?d) respectively (P

Object To investigate the antagonistic effect of scutellarin on the toxicity of selenium in human liver cells L-02. Methods MTT method was used to observe the effects of scutellarin and selenium on cell growth. The morphological changes of cells were observed by fluorescent microscope. The MDA level, thiol content, and total antioxidative capacity of cells were also measured. Results The optimum condition for scutellarin to promote cell growth was 0.5 mmol/L in 48 h culture period. Comparing with the only selenium treated group, 0.5 mmol/L scutellarin significantly antagonized the inhibition of cell growth caused by 1 and 5 ?mol/L selenium, suppressed the selenium-induced cell damage and the increase of MDA content, as well as increased the thiol content and cell antioxidation capacity. Conclusion Scutellarin markedly antagonizes the toxicity of selenium in human liver cells L-02 by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and promoting cellular antioxidation capacity.

Objective:To understand the surveillance of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in Zhongwei City of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region after marketization reform of salt industry (2017).Methods:In 2018, Shapotou District, Zhongning County and Haiyuan County of Zhongwei City were divided into five sampling areas according to the location of east, west, south, north and middle. In each area, one township was selected, and three salt sales outlets were selected from each township; at the same time, three supermarkets were selected from the cities and towns of each county (district), and different kinds of salt samples in all sales outlets and supermarkets were tested semi-quantitatively. From 2016 to 2020, Shapotou District, Zhongning County and Haiyuan County of Zhongwei City were divided into five sampling areas according to the location of east, west, south, north and middle. One township was selected from each area, and one primary school was selected from each township, 40 non-boarding students aged 8 - 10 years old (age balanced, half males and half females) were selected from each primary school; at the same time, 20 pregnant women were selected from each township, and salt samples were collected from houses of children and pregnant women to test salt iodine content. From 2018 to 2020, according to the "Ningxia Iodine Deficiency Disorders Surveillance Program (2016 Edition)", random urine samples of children and pregnant women were collected to detect urinary iodine content. In 2018 and 2019, the thyroid volume of children was measured by B-mode ultrasound, and the goiter rate was calculated.Results:In 2018, 13 kinds of salt were supplied in the market of Zhongwei City, a total of 130 salt samples were tested, and 11 samples of non-iodized salt were detected, with a rate of 8.46%. From 2016 to 2020, the consumption rates of qualified iodized salt in Zhongwei City were 90.33% (813/900), 67.89% (611/900), 78.67% (708/900), 91.56% (825/901) and 94.44% (850/900), respectively. From 2018 to 2020, the medians urinary iodine of children aged 8 - 10 years old were 189.33, 195.64, and 222.10 μg/L, and the medians urinary iodine of pregnant women were 158.21, 158.01, and 171.84 μg/L, respectively. In 2018 and 2019, the goiter rates of children aged 8 - 10 years old were 1.75% (7/400) and 0.67% (4/600), respectively.Conclusion:After marketization reform of salt industry, the consumption rates of qualified iodized salt in Zhongwei City decrease in 2017 and 2018, however, children and pregnant women have sufficient iodine nutrition, and the goiter rate of children is controlled at a low level.

【Objective】 To clarify the hematological characteristics and current situation of chronic mountain sickness among Tibetan residents in extreme high altitude area (more than 5 000 m above the sea level) of Ali district based on the analysis of physical examination and blood test results. 【Methods】 Totally 250 Tibetan residents were selected by convenient sampling for blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate, and blood routine examination. Chronic mountain sickness was determined according to the hemoglobin (Hb) level and SpO2. 【Results】 The red blood cell (RBC), Hb and hematocrit (HCT) of the Tibetan residents at 5 200-meter altitude were all higher than the normal physiological reference range of China. Mean red blood cell volume (MCV), mean red blood cell hemoglobin content (MCH), mean red blood cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), white blood cell (WBC) and platelet (PLT) were in the upper limit of the reference value. The RBC, Hb, HCT and MCHC of male Tibetan residents were higher than those of females, while PLT was lower than that of females, with significant differences. There were no statistical differences in MCV, MCH or WBC among different genders of Tibetan residents. The SpO2 of the Tibetan residents was about 85% of the normal value, and the males had higher SpO2 than the females in the same age group, and the difference was statistically significant, but the heart rate did not differ significantly. The prevalence rate of chronic mountain sickness in this area was as high as 16.4%, and the prevalence rate of heavy manual workers was significantly higher than that of light manual workers, with significant differences. 【Conclusion】 The high-altitude anoxic environment causes the changes in red blood cells, hemoglobin, and oxygen saturation of local residents, and the prevalence of chronic mountain sickness increases significantly. Labor intensity is one of the risk factors for chronic mountain sickness in high-altitude areas.

Objective To investigate the effect of As2 O3 in combination with cinobufacini on proliferation and apoptosis of the K562 cells and provide theoretical basis for clinical application.Methods Cell proliferation was assayed by analyzing the growth and viability of the cells.Apoptosis was assayed by performing cell morphology,Annexin-V/PI staining,DNA-PI staining,and DNA gel electrophoresis.Results After exposure to As2O3 and cinobufacini,the growth of K562 cells was inhibited and the viability of K562 cells was decreased. After treated with 1.0μmol/L As2O3,0.125μg/ml cinobufacini,0.25μg/ml cinobufacini,1.0μmol/L As2O3 + 0.125 μg/ml cinobufacini,1.0μmol/L As2O3 + 0.25μg/ml cinobufacini for 24 and 48 hours,the proliferation inhibition rate were(24 ± 1.3)%,(21 ± 1.5)%,(38 ± 3.1)%,(57 ±2.7)%,(66 ±3.3)% and(49 ±2.9)%,(48 ±2.7)%,(61 ±2.1)%,(77 ±3.8)%,(82 ±4.2)%,the apoptosis rate of K562 cells were(4.8 ± 0.5)%,(5.6 ± 0.7)%,(9.8 ± 0.6)%,(11.9 ± 1.2)%,(15.2±1.5)% and(11.0 ±0.9)%,(12.9 ±1.1)%,(18.4 ±1.5)%,(21.0 ±2.0)%,(28.0 ±1.9)%.The percentage of apoptotic cells was a time- and dose-dependent manner.Typical DNA ladder was shown by DNA gel electrophoresis.Conclusions As2O3 combined with cinobufacini inhibited the proliferation of K562 cells and induced apoptosis of the K562 cells,the combination of the two drugs had better effect.

Objective To investigate the effect of before and after combination therapy of thalidomide and methotrexate (T+M) on regulatory T cells and IL-6 expression profile,and to reveal the mechanism of therapeutic effect of T+M on rheumatoid arthritis.Methods A total of 58 patients with rheumatoid arthritis from August 2014 to August 2016 in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.The flow cytometry assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to estimate the ratio of peripheral blood regulatory T cells and expression profile of IL-6 in peripheral blood lymphocyte before and after combination therapy of thalidomide and methotrexate .Results After combination therapy of T+M,the ratio of peripheral blood CD25 +Foxp3/CD4 +T cells had a marked increase compared with before combination of therapy of T +M;but the expression of IL-6 had a significant decrease in the group of after combination therapy of T +M compared with before combination therapy.Conclusion The effect of combination therapy of T+M on rheumatoid arthritis is associated with increasing the ratio of regulatory T cells and decreasing the secretion of IL-6 that could regulate T cells to homeostasis.