Objective : There are two types of studies on the relationship between adverse events and genetic background and the relationship between constitution and genetic background.  To investigate the relationship between adverse events and constitution retrospectively, we first reviewed the appearance of the constitution responsible for the adverse events in the relevant sources of information.
Methods : Fifty two pharmaceutical interview sheets, 150 case reports and two manuals; “jyudaina fukusayou kaihi notameno fukuyaku sidou jyouhousyu”, “jyutoku fukusayou sikanbetu manual” were selected for review.
Results : Fourteen items about the constitution were found in the pharmaceutical interview sheets.  No items about the constitution were found in the case reports and manuals.
Conclusion : Rules for the preparation of pharmaceutical interview sheets and case reports to use the constitution information is necessary for retrospective analysis of this issue.

This paper describes a clinical review of cases of gastric cancer treated surgically at the Department of Surgery of the Shirakawa Kosei General Hospital, the core medical institution in the southern part of Fukushima Prefecture.
During the period of 20 years from January 1981 through December 2000, a total of 1, 132 cases were operated on for gastric carcinoma. Surgical resection cases totaled 1, 023 (resection ratio: 90.4%); curative resection cases, 894 (curative resection ratio: 79.0%); 5-year survival rate for resection cases, 68.3%; and 5-year survival rate for curative resection cases, 75.6%. When the cases were divided into those treated during the first half of the 20 years nad those treated during the latter half of the 20 years, the number or resection cases was smaller during the latter than during the first half but the resection ratio was larger. The early stomach cancer cases in terms of the degree of progress, histological classification, depth and metastasis to lymph nodes have been increasing and the 5-year survival rate has been on the rise.

Pulmonary stenosis is the most frequent problem after arterial switch operation for TGA. We experienced four cases of late severe pulmonary stenosis out of twelve patients. All four had supravalvular stenosis either at anastomotic site or at previously banded segment. One patient had associated valvular stenosis and another had bilateral branch stenosis. It is possible that valvular stenosis was due to retraction of equine pericardial patch and branch stenosis was due to overdistension. All four cases were successfully reoperated on 13∼39 months after switch operation. To prevent late pulmonary stenosis, we now alter technique of switch operation in two points. First, the great arteries are anastomosed with interrupted U-shaped sutures from outside of the vessels in whole circumference. Second, both coronary arteries are transferred with punched-out method to save tissue of Valsalva sinus, and the defects are closed with autologous pericardial patch.

Activating and inhibitory cell surface receptors play important roles in regulation of immune responses. Recent progress has demonstrated that many inhibitory receptors pair with activating, as well as inhibitory, isoforms, both of whose genes are located in small clusters on a chromosome. We and others identified paired activating and inhibitory immunoglobulin-like receptors, designated myeloid-associated immunoglobulin-like receptors (MAIR) (CD300). MAIR is a multigene family consisting of nine genes on a small segment of mouse chromosome 11. MAIR family receptors are preferentially expressed on myeloid cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, granulocytes, and bone-marrow-derived cultured mast cells, and a subset of B cells and regulate activation of these cells. Thus, MAIR plays an important role in innate immunity mediated by myeloid cells.
Animals ; B-Lymphocytes ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 ; Dendritic Cells ; Granulocytes ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Macrophages ; Mast Cells ; Mice ; Multigene Family ; Myeloid Cells ; Protein Isoforms ; Receptors, Cell Surface

A 78-year-old woman who had a history of left deep venous thrombosis was referred to our hospital with a sudden hemoptysis. Thoracic computed tomography showed a solitary pulmonary nodule in the right lower lobe. Based on her medical history of deep venous thrombosis, she was tentatively diagnosed as having pulmonary embolism and successfully treated by inserting an inferior vena cava filter and anticoagulant therapy with warfarin [Please confirm whether previous sentence is correct]. However, the lung nodule on thoracic computed tomography was still depicted four months later. With suspicion of a malignant tumor, including possible lung cancer, a right segmentectomy was performed. Pathological assessment of the resected specimen showed the tumor was derived from the right bronchial wall, but was not ruptured into the intratracheal lumen, as well as coexistence with intraalveolar hemorrhage near the tumor. The lung nodule was diagnosed as bronchial schwannoma. Thus, the origin of the hemoptysis was found to be pulmonary embolism due to deep vein thrombosis, and not by bronchial schwannoma, which was also present in the lung.

Objective: The practices pertaining to hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) in Japan have been rapidly changing owing to the clinical development of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, the increasing availability of companion diagnostics, and the broadened insurance coverage of HBOC management from April 2020. A questionnaire of gynecologic oncologists was conducted to understand the current status and to promote the widespread standardization of future HBOC management. Methods: A Google Form questionnaire was administered to the members of the Japan Society of Gynecologic Oncology. The survey consisted of 25 questions in 4 categories: respondent demographics, HBOC management experience, insurance coverage of HBOC management, and educational opportunities related to HBOC. Results: A total of 666 valid responses were received. Regarding the prevalence of HBOC practice, the majority of physicians responded in the negative and required human resources, information sharing and educational opportunities, and expanded insurance coverage to adopt and improve HBOC practice. Most physicians were not satisfied with the educational opportunities provided so far, and further expansion was desired. They remarked on the psychological burdens of many HBOC managements. Physicians reported these burdens could be alleviated by securing sufficient time to engage in HBOC management, creating easy-to-understand explanatory material for patients, collaboration with specialists in genetic medicine, and educational opportunities. Conclusion Gynecologic oncologists in Japan are struggling to deal with psychological burdens in HBOC practice. To promote the clinical practice of HBOC management, there is an urgent need to strengthen human resources and improve educational opportunities, and expand insurance coverage for HBOC management.

Objective: We investigated the association between catastrophizing with regard to numbness and pain, subjective symptoms, upper extremity function, and disability in cancer patients with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Method: We evaluated catastrophizing (pain catastrophizing scale [PCS] total score, rumination, helplessness, magnification), subjective symptoms of numbness and pain, upper extremity function, and disability in patients with hematological malignancy and gastrointestinal cancer who developed upper extremity CIPN. We calculated the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient to determine the strength of the association. Result: A significant association was observed between catastrophizing and disability; however, upper extremity function was not significantly association with catastrophizing. Based on the PCS subscale scores, only rumination was significantly association with subjective symptoms. Conclusion: Functional assessment and approaches may not be sufficient to improve the activities of daily living in cancer patients with upper extremity CIPN, and assessment and approaches to cognitive aspects, such as catastrophizing, should also be considered.