OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective effect of Radix Paeoniae Rubra Extracts on rats with experimental cerebral ischemia.METHODS:Middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)model was prepared in rats by thread-blocking internal carotid artery,and the model rats were intragastrically administered with different doses of Radix Paeoniae Rubra Extracts with the protective effect of Radix Paeoniae Rubra Extracts monitored.Cerebral infarction tissue,brain hndex and abnovmal nevons symptoms were observed.RESULTS:The weight of cerebral infarction tissue of the MCAO rats was decreased significantly by Radix Paeoniae Rubra Extracts dose-dependently in the dose ranges of 240,120,60 and 30 mg?kg-1.Radix Paeoniae Rubra Extracts could also decrease brain index and improve abnormal nervous symptoms in MCAO rats.The preventive medication of Radix Paeoniae Rubra Extracts has significantly lowered the weight percent of cerebral infarction tissue in MCAO rats,assuming dose-dependent manner in the dose range of 240～30 mg?kg-1,decreased the brain index and significantly improved the abnormal nervous symptoms of MCAO rats.CONCLUSION:Radix Paeoniae Rubra Extracts have protective effects on cerebral ischemia in MCAO model rats.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the content of total flavonoids in extract of Bidens bipinnata L. by spectrophotometry. METHODS: The Bidens bipinnata L. was extracted with ethanol and purified by HPD100 macroporous resin. With rutin as reference substance, the content of total flavonoids in the extract of Bidens bipinnata L. was determined by spectrop-hotometry at a wavelength of 510 mn. RESULTS: The linear range of Rutin was 0.008 16～0.048 96 mg?mL-1(r=0.999 3), its average recovery was 99.03% (RSD=2.27%,n=6).CONCLUSION: The method is of high sensitivity and good stability, and it is applicable for the quality control of Bidens bipinnata L.

ObjectiveTo study the methods,techniques,content about standardized induction training of pharmacists.Methods49 pharmacy recruits are accepted standardized 3-month pre-service training.ResultsThe new team of pharmacists enhance their self-confidence,improve skills and can adapt to the hospital environment faster and enter the role of pharmacists.ConclusionThe implementation of standardized training is conductive to increasing the overall quality of pharmacists and practice skills rapidly,in order to meet the clinical role,avoid health risks and ensure drug safety of patients.

Objective:To investigate the influencing factors and medication compliance of hypertension.Method: 3 grade-Ⅲand 15 grade-Ⅱgeneral hospitals in Anhui Province were selected by random sampling.732 outpatients with a hypertension course of 6 months or above were interviewed during July and October of 2004 with the medication compliance schedule.All data were input into computers with the software Epi info 6.04,and analyzed with SPSS 11.5.Result:①The medication compliance schedule had high reliability and validity,which could be used in the surveys of medication compliance of hypertension.②The medication compliance rate of the 732 patients was only 46.4%.③Trust in medical pro- fessionals,more attention paid to the disease,more knowledge of non-compliance harm,satisfactory family income,and longer consulting time were the common advancing factors in improving the medication compliance,but a longer duration of the medication regimen,a larger number of preparations and drugs,and higher frequency of taking medicine were the bloc- king factors.Conclusion:The medication compliance of hypertensives was generally not good,and it was influenced by many factors.It is necessary that medical professionals,patients,families and society all take part in its improvement.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the situation of the use of cardiovascular drugs and its trend of develop?ment.METHODS:The cardiovascular drugs used during2001～2003were analyzed retrospectively in respect to the sale amount,DDDs and etc.RESULTS:The sale amount of cardiovascular drugs was increasing year by year;the antihypertensives and antianginals ranked at the first two places in respect to the sequence of the amount of money and the DDDs;the sale amount of joint-venture products was the largest,and there was a high proportions of national essential drugs consump?tion.CONCLUSIONS:There was a stable and rational structure of cardiovascular drugs in our hospital.Domestic substitute drugs should be exploited for medical researchers in the future so as to reduce the cost of medicine.

0,most symptoms of ADR were reported for the first time with the homogeneous literature ratio being 0.The predominant outcome of severe ADR were hospitalization or delayed hospitalization course,followed by increased risk of death or patients' permanent or distinct disabling.CONCLUSION:New and severe ADR should be given close attention in the clinic to guard against severe ADR.

Objective:To investigate the recognition degree and attitude to adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports among the healthcare professionals in our hospital.Method:Through random cluster sampling,the doctors,nurses and pharmacists in our hospital were interviewed on the spot.The questionnaires were input by EPI6.04 and analyzed by soft- ware SPSS11.5.Result:1077 eligible questionnaires were obtained and the recovery was 89.8%.Our bealthcare profes- sionals had a good recognition of basic ADR knowledge.The pharmacists had a better recognition degree than doctors and nurses.The better academic background the healthcare professionals had,the higher their score of recognition was,and there was a significant difference among them.There was no significant difference among the Scores of the healthcare profes- sionals with different working years,and nor was there among the scores of them with different professional titles.The atti- tude to ADR reporting was entirely right,but there were some wrong ideas.Conclusion:It is urgent to provide more train- ing courses for healthcare professionals so as to raise their consciousness of ADR reporting,ability of discrimination and lev- el of monitoring and avoid serious consequences caused by ADR.

Objective To discover the effects of the Prescription Administrative Policy in force on the quality of the prescriptions in a tertiary hospital in 2007. Methods The prescriptions of 400 cases were sampled systematically for evaluation, and 60 patients were interviewed. Results The average eligibility rate of the prescriptions was but 37. 2% in this hospital, which was mainly plagued by incompleteness, nonstandard and irrationality found in prescriptions. Implementation of the Policy contributed to a significant improvement of some indicators. For example, the eligibility rate increased by 12. 2% (P=0. 004) ,the percentage of the use of antimicrobial agents dropped significantly (P=0. 001),and the percentage of generic names used rose significantly (P = 0. 000). Conclusions The implementation of the Policy is highly positive for prescription quality.

Afatinib, a second-generation oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), is suitable for first-line treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and second-line treatment of squamous NSCLC. At present, a large number of strong clinical research data has confirmed the efficacy and safety of afatinib. Therefore, this article reviews the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetic clinical efficacy, combination of drugs, adverse reactions and dose adjustment of afatinib in order to provide ideas for individual rational drug use guidance.

In view of the current situation of the construction of clinical pharmacist system and the teaching and training of clinical pharmacist training base in China, this paper provides a reference for perfecting and improving the training mode of clinical pharmacists in China. By establishing a clinical pharmacist system that develops a "two-focus" model, it takes the "trinity" of "hierarchical teaching-innovative practice-stage assessment" as the operating mechanism of teaching management, and the innovative mode of training clinical pharmacist talents with diversified information service platform as the technical support system, thereby providing an effective model for training excellent clinical pharmaceutical care talents.