OBJECTIVE To find out the situation of peri-operational lower respiratory tract infection in inpatients with congenital heart disease of left to right shunt and provide evidence for clinical prevention and treatment.METHODS Peri-operational lower respiratory tract nosocomial infection in 2 564 cases of congenital heart disease with left to right shunt during Jan 2003 to Dec 2005 was analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS The incidence rate of lower respiratory tract infection was 11.27% among 2 564 cases.The incidence rate was 15.51% in patients less than 2 years old.The most common pathogen was Pseudomonas aeruginosa(18.60%).The death rate in cases with lower respiratory tract nosocomial infection was higher than these non-infection cases.CONCLUSIONS Pulmonary congestion,less than 2 years old,mechanical ventilation and antibiotics abuse are main causes of lower respiratory tract nosocomial infection in patients with congenital heart disease with left to right shunt.Nosocomial infection can increase death rate.

Objective To investigate the status of the knowledge of metabolic syndrome and their demand situation among community nurses and discuss the community nursing intervention on metabolic syndrome. Methods A survey about the knowledge and its needs of metabolic syndrome was conducted in community nurses of the practice bases of the nursing school of Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medical University by selfdesigned questionnaires. Results 58.8% of the communities had carried out the prevention of metabolic syndrome, and standard administration had been applied in 43.3% among them. 40.8% and 42.9% nurses were not clear about the diagnosis and prevention of metabolic syndrome respectively. 100.0% nurses agreed that corresponding training was necessary for them. Conclusions The education and training of the knowledge about metabolic syndrome must be enhanced for community nurses, and the intervention measures should be reinforced to improve the rate of diagnosis , cognition rate, control rate in order to improve the people's health and reduce the social and personal burden.

The serum levels of soluble E selectin (sE selectin) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM 1) were determined by ELISA in impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) group (62 cases), normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group (24 subjects), and diabetes mellitus group (23 cases). Serum sVCAM 1 level in the IGT group was significantly higher than that in the NGT group (P

Objective To study the proliferation promoting effect on osteoblast cells induced by sodium orthovanadate and whether nitric oxide (NO) was involved in this process. Methods MTT assay was employed to determine cell proliferation and its inhibition. The level of NO was measured by enzyme reduction method. Results The MTT values of MC3T3-E1 cells under the 2.5,5.0,10.0 ?mol/L of sodium orthovanadate were 0.3380?0.0045, 0.3400?0.0141, 0.3840?0.0313 respectively, which were higher than in control group (0.2540?0.0167)(P

[Objective] To establish a content determination method of Berberine hydrochloride in San Yu Ointment by HPLC.[Methods] RP-HPLC was performed to determine Berberine hydrochloride on a column of Agilent Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C8(4.6?150mm,5?m)at 20℃; Acetonitrile-0.1 % H3PO4 (50∶50)(Adding 0.1 g C12H25NaO4S to every 100 mL)was used as mobile phase,the flow rate was 1.0 mL?min-1.The detection wavelength was at 265 nm.[Results]A good linearity can be found in the range of 39.40 ~394.0 ng,and the regression equation was Y = 4.073?103x+2.248 ? 103 (r=0.9992).The recovery was between 97.9 %~100.9 %,and the average recovery rate was 99.4 %,RSD was 1.5 %.[Conclusion]The method is simple,rapid,accurate and available,which can be used to control the quality of San Yu Ointment.

Objective To investigate the role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)in asthma.Methods The mouse asthma model was induced by ovalbumin(OVA).IDO expression was detected on the level of protein and mRNA respectively.Distribution and maturation of dendritic cells were detected by the immunofluorescence method.Results (1)The symptoms and lung inflammation in the model group were more serious than control group.The serum total IgE was significantly higher in the model group than that in the control group,165.50 ± 30.13 ng/ml vs.94.45 ± 28.30 ng/ml(P ＜ 0.05).(2)IDO expression in the model group was lower than that in control group.On the level of protein,mean intergrated optical density was 11.38 ± 6.05 in the model group vs.23.62 ± 8.92 in the control group(P ＜ 0.05);on the level of mRNA,IDO expression of the model group was 33% of the control group(P ＜ 0.05).(3)CD11c+CD86+ cells were distributed in alveolar wall and around small vessels.The quantity of CD11c+CD86+ cells in lungs of the model group were significantly smaller than that in the control group.The median intergrated fluorescence intensity was 9961.86(range,7 406.52 ～ 12 724.98)in the model group vs.15974.60(range,10 006.39 ～ 16 171.46)in the control group(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions IDO expression is low and matured dendritic cells are less in situ in the asthma model.These suggest that less matured DCs may produce less IDO,which may play an important role in asthma.

Objective To study the regulatory role of chemerin in infant with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pneumonia by investigating the level of serum chemerin,pro-inlfammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-17), and anti-inlfammatory cytokine (IL-10, TGF-β). Methods The serum level of chemerin,TNF-α,IL-1,IL-10,TGF-βwere tested in 82 RSV pneumonia inpatients (17 severe RSV pneumonia cases,65 mild cases) and 40 controls by ELISA and the severity of the RSV pneumonia was evaluated using a scoring system. Results The serum level of chemerin of RSV pneumonia cases were (610.45±106.63pg/ml) which were signiifcantly higher than the control(337.24±43.37 pg/ml). Chemerin level of severe RSV pneumonia group is signiifcantly higher than mild cases as well [(786.62±82.59 pg/ml)vs (539.98±65.86 pg/ml)P<0.01 ]. Signiifcant positive correlations were found be-tween serum chemerin level and TNF-α,IL-17 level (r=0.81,r=0.61;P<0.01) while the serum level of chemerin is negatively correlated with IL-10, TGF-β(r=-0.80,r=-0.75;P<0.01). Conclusions The level of chemerin increased in RSV pneumonia patients,and related to clinical severity after RSV infection. These results indicate that chemerin may play an important role in the pathogenesis of RSV pneumonia and to the severity of the infection.

ObjectiveTo analyze cerebral hemorrhagic infarction (HI) and relative factors with the database of Standard Stroke Registry (SSR).Methods1 487 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted within 3 days after onset were analyzed with SSR.ResultsHI was observed in 11% of patients, of whom 51% were diagnosed as having cardiogenic embolism. In patients with supratentorial infarction of cardiac origin, 28% had HI (mild 67%, moderate 23, hematoma 10%). On multiple logistic regression analysis, independent factors related with HI were found to be age, prosthetic cardiac valve and NIHSS scores at admission. Patients with more severe HI were associated with a poorer outcome at discharge. Clinical outcome tended to be better in patients receiving thrombolytic agents than in those without receiving agents, while the incidence of HI was slightly more frequent in the former.Conclusion It is confirmed that the SSR database is useful for understanding and analyzing the status of stroke diagnosis and management throughout the nation, and revisions are needed in some formats.

To study the chemical constituents of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim., chromatographic methods such as D101 macroporous resin, silica gel column chromatographic technology, Sephadex LH-20, octadecylsilyl (ODS) column chromatographic technique and preparative HPLC were used and nine compounds were isolated from a 95% (v/v) ethanol extract of the plant. By using spectroscopic techniques including 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HSQC and HMBC, these compounds were identified as 5-ethoxymethyl-1-carboxyl propyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde (1), 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (2), chrysoeriol (3), 4'-hydroxyscutellarin (4), vanillic acid (5), alpha-spinasterol (6), beta-D-glucopyranosyl-a-spinasterol (7), stigmast-7-en-3beta-ol (8), and adenosine (9), separately. Among them, compound 1 is a new compound, and compounds 3, 4 and 5 are isolated from the genus Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. for the first time.