AIM: To set up identification of Flos Lonicerae and determination of chlorogenic acid in Yingqiao jiedu Pills (Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Forsythiae, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Herba Menthae, etc.) by HPLC. METHODS: A YWG C 18 column was used with the mobile phase consisted of CH 3OH 10%Na 2HPO 4 (adjusting pH to 2.7 with HAc) as gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0mL?min -1 , and the detection wavelength was at 326nm. RESULTS: Flos Lonicerae in Yinqiaojiedu Pills was identified by HPLC UV. The linear range of chlorogenic acid was 5.0～60?g?mL -1 ( r =0.9999). The average recovery was 98.71% with RSD of 1.55% ( n =5). CONCLUSION: The method is simple, accurate and rapid with good reproducibility. It can be used for the quality control of Flos Lonicerae in Yinqiaojiedu Pills.

AIM:To set up a determination of tanshinone Ⅱ_A and cryptotanshinone in Compound Danshen Tablet(Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Radix Notoginseng, Borneolum Syntheticum) by RP-HPLC. METHODS:Two components could be separated through YWG-C_~18 column with methanol-water (75∶25 by volume) as a mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 mL?min~-1 , and the detection wavelength was at 270 nm. RESULTS: The linear range of tanshinone Ⅱ_A and cryptotanshinone were 2.5-50.0 ?g?mL~-1 and 0.625-12.5 ?g?mL~-1 , respectively. The average recovery was 99.76% with RSD 0.92% for tanshinone Ⅱ_A and 98.34% with RSD 0.71% for cryptotanshinone, respectively. CONCLUSION: The method is simple, accurate and rapid with good reproducibility. It can be used for the quality control of Compound Danshen Tablet.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of tuberculosis (TB) first presenting as fever of unknown origin (FUO). Methods The clinical data of 100 cases of FUO, diagnosed as TB finally, among in-patients in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were analyzed retrospectively.Results ( 1 ) Sites of TB: there were 39 patients with merely pulmonary TB, 28 patients with merely extrapulmonary TB, and 33 patients with both pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB. (2) Clinical manifestations: depending on the different sites of tuberculous lesion, the clinical symptoms varied accordingly. The common laboratory findings included anemia, hypoalbuminemia, elevation of the level of ESR and C-reactive protein (CRP). (3) Methods for diagnosis: 34 cases were diagnosed by sputum smearor cultivation-positive for acid-fast bacilli; 8 cases by histopathology; 49 cases by clinical diagnosis of TB with an effective anti-TB therapy; and 9 cases by effective diagnostic anti-TB therapy. (4) Responses to treatment: among 73 cases with complete follow-up data, only 2 cases (2. 7% ) died and the other cases were cured or alleviated. Fifty-five cases (77.5%) showed marked efficacy after less than 4 weeks of regular anti-TB therapy, 37 cases ( 52. 1% ) suffered adverse effects of anti-TB agents, and all of them had improved after modifying anti-TB therapy and supporting treatment. Conclusions The diagnosis of TB that presents as FUO is quite difficult, and the median interval time for making diagnosis is 14 weeks (3-77weeks). Investigating clinical manifestations comprehensively, reviewing radiology data carefully, and eliciting microbiological and pathologic evidence of TB, are extremely important for making the correct diagnosis. In some cases, a therapeatic trial of anti-TB therapy is necessary.

Objective To report the clinical characteristics of prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE).Methods All 25 cases of definite PVE (Duke criteria) diagnosed at our hospital between January 1992 to December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 7 cases were pathologically confirmed and the others were clinically confirmed with either 2 major criteria or 1 major and ≥3 minor criteria. Their clinical characteristics, underlying heart diseases, previous heart operations, presenting manifestations, causative microbes, echocardiographic findings and prognosis, were studied. Results (1) Although most cases underwent valve transplantations for underlying heart diseases of rheumatic heart diseases and congenital heart diseases, 10 patients were complicated with infectious endocarditis (IE) prior to the operations, 4 of them were PVE. (2) Eleven of them developed PVE within 2 months postoperatively. Fever (100%),major vessel embolism (48%), and anemia (36%) were the most frequently manifestations. Fourteen cases (56%) had positive culture results with 15 causative pathogens, including 5 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS, 3 were methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, MRSCoN), 4 fungi, 2Enterococcus faecalis, 2 Burkholderia cepacia, 1 Stenotrophomonasmal-tophilia, and 1 Streptococcus.(3)Prosthetic valve vegetations, periannular leakage, regurgitation, were the main echocardiographic findings.Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) revealed 13 PVE who had no positive findings on previous transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). (4) Eighteen PVE (72%) developed peri-annular complications (12 leakage, 3 dehiscence, 2 abscesses, 1 fistula), major vessel embolism, congestive heart failure (16%) were frequently observed, 9 of the 17 patients died in hospital, in spite of intensive managements.Conclusions PVE has a high mortality and is a severe complication for patients who underwent heart surgery. Its causative pathogen spectrum is quite different from that of native valve endocarditis. TTE is not sensitive for some PVE cases.

Objective To study the characteristics of fluid intake and central venous pressure (CVP) within 4 days after birth in very low birth weight (VLBW) premature infants complicated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).Method From February 2015 to March 2019,VLBW preterm infants without serious complications were enrolled in two hospitals.Their CVP were measured every 4 ～ 6 hours after birth.They were assigned into BPD group and non-BPD group,and the fluid intake and CVP within 4 days after birth were compared between these two groups.Result A total of 45 VLBW preterm infants were included,including 17 in the BPD group and 28 in the non-BPD group.The fluid intake in the BPD group showed no significant difference with the non-BPD group within 4 days after birth (P ＞ 0.05).No significant correlation existed between the mean liquid intake and the mean CVP in 1 ～ 4 days after birth (r =0.093,P=0.542).From day1 to day4,the CVPs of the BPD group were (3.97 ± 0.68),(4.49 ± 0.75),(4.55 ± 0.66),(4.02 ± 1.05) cmH2O,and the non-BPD group were (3.66 ± 1.09),(3.96 ±0.76),(3.81 ± 0.69),(3.91 ± 0.65) cmH2O.The differences between the BPD group and the nonBPD group were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The CVP of the BPD group was increasing from day 2 to day 3 (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion VLBW premature infants complicated with BPD may have higher CVP at the early stage of life,which may not be related with the fluid intake.