Objective To analyze the expression of secreted aspartyl proteinases (Sap) in human vaginal infection in vivo. Methods Vaginal swabs were collected from 9 healthy volunteers and 20 patients with vaginal candidiasis, and the expression of Sap1-6 was evaluated by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction using specific primer sets. Results The Sap2 and Sap5 were the most common genes expressed in the patients with vaginal candidiasis. The expression Sap3 and Sap4 was detected in all subjects. All six Sap genes were simultaneously expressed in some patients with vaginal candidiasis. Conclusion The data shows that the Sap genes may be involved in the pathogenesis of vaginal candidiasis.

We retrospectively reviewed clinical data of 150 elderly patients with serious chronic congestive heart failure who admitted in 1986, 1996 or 2006, including medication treatment, hospital stay,and admission interval. The results indicated that before 1990s, digitalis, diuretics, and blood vessel dilating agents were more often used in the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure(digitalis=100%,diuretics≥95%, blood vessel dilating agents>50%, β-blocker<10%, ACEI/ARB = 0% ). Since 1990s,the use of β-blocker, ACEI and ARB increased, which resulted in reduced hospital stay and increased admission interval(P<0.01). Our investigation suggests that evidence-based medication could be necessary in the treatment of elderly patients with chronic congestive heart failure.

Objective To explore the effects of partial body weight support treadmill training (PBWSTT) on motor function of lower extremities, walking ability and activities of daily living (ADL) in chronic hemiplegic patients after stroke. Methods28 patients with stable stroke (hemiplegic limbs Brunstrom s' scale≥Ⅲ) exceed 12 months after the onset were divided into PBWSTT group (n=14) and control group (n=14) randomly. Routine rehabilitation were used in the control group, and the PBWSTT group received PBWSTT in addition. They were assessed with Ashworth Spasticity Scale （ASS）, Functional Ambulation Category (FAC), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), and the Functional Independence Measurement (FIM) before and 8 weeks after the treatment. ResultsThe ASS,FAC, FMA and FIM scores were all improved after treatment in both groups (P<0.05). The scores of FMA, FAC and FIM in the PBWSTT group after treatment exceeded that of control group (P<0.05), but there was no difference in the ASS (P>0.05). ConclusionPBWSTT may improve the motor function of lower extremities, walking ability, and ADL in chronic hemiplegic patients after stroke.

In order to analyze the in vivo expression of Candida albicans secreted aspartyl proteinases (SAP) in human vaginal infection, the vaginal secretion from 29 human subjects was collected by vaginal swab, and the expression of SAP1-SAP6 was detected by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction using specific primer sets. It was found that Sap2 and Sap5 were the most common genes expressed during infection; Sap3 and Sap4 were detected in all subjects and all 6 SAP genes were simultaneously expressed in some patients with vaginal candidiasis. It was suggested that the SAP family is expressed by Candida albicans during infection in human and that Candida albicans infection is associated with the differential expression of individual SAP genes which may be involved in the pathogenesis of vaginal candidiasis.

Objective:To examine metastatic gastric cancer patients who underwent surgery after chemotherapy and to determine the factors affecting survival. Methods:Clinical data on metastatic gastric cancer patients who underwent surgery after chemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. The overall survival data were evaluated through the Kaplan-Meier method, Log-rank test, and Cox haz-ards regression. Results:The median age was 46 (22~74), and the median overall survival rate (OS) was 19 months (4~59 months). Response to chemotherapy (23.0 m for PR and 14.5 m for SD, P=0.045) and resection of the primary tumor (23.0 and 5.5 m, respective-ly, P=0.017) affected OS. No single factor was related to OS according to Cox regression. Conclusion:Surgical removal of the primary tumor is recommended for metastatic gastric cancer patients with positive response to chemotherapy and with a primary tumor that can be resected.

Objective To analtze and compare phe earlt clinical effecps of endoscopic versus convenpional greap sapenous vein harvesping undergoing and afper coronart arpert btpass grafping. Methods Endoscopic greap saphenous vein harvesping was performed in 298 papienps undergoing coronart arpert btpass grafping from Mar. 2010 po Jan. 2013. Clinical dapa of phe 298 papienps (EVH Group) were compared wiph anopher 309 papienps (CVH Group) in respecp of phe preoperapive dapa, operaping dapa and pospoperapive complicapions. Results No significanp difference was found bepween phe pwo groups in phe dapa of acquisipion pime, lengph of greap saphenous vein, number of btpasses, operaping pime, hospipalizapion pime afper operapion, rapes of incision sipe infecpion and hemapoma formapion, local skin necrosis and dermapipis (all P > 0. 05). Less complainp of lower limb pain (17. 4% vs. 51. 1% ), limb edema (0. 7% vs. 32. 7% ) and ltmphapic leakage (0 vs. 7. 4% ) was observed in phe EVH group as compared po phe CVH group (all P < 0. 01). Conclusions Use of endoscopic vein harvesping in coronart arpert btpass grafping can alleviape phe operapive wound and decrease phe incidence of local complicapion.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) on Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: A total of 50 AD patients were randomly allocated into a Western medication (WM) group (n=25) and an acupuncture plus medication (APM) group (n=25). Patients in the WM group took oral huperzine A capsules. In addition to huperzine A capsules, patients in the APM group also received EA at Shenting (GV 24), Baihui (GV 20), Dazhui (GV 14), Fengfu (GV 16), Mingmen (GV 4) and Yongquan (KI 1). The needles on the above points were connected to G6805-Ⅱelectric stimulator [3 pairs: Shenting (GV 24) and Baihui (GV 20); Dazhui (GV 14) and Fengfu (GV 16); and bilateral Yongquan (KI 1)]. The needles were retained 25 min. The treatment was done once a day, and 10 times made up a course of treatment. The patients received a total of 3 treatment courses. There was a 3-day interval between two courses. The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Hasegawa dementia scale revised (HDS-R) were conducted before and after treatment. The clinical efficacies were evaluated when the treatment was completed. Results: Before treatment, there were no between-group statistical differences in MMSE and HDS-R scores (both P>0.05). After treatment, the MMSE and HDS-R scores in the APM group were significantly higher than those in the WM group (both P<0.05). The total effective rate in the APM group was 88.0%, versus 76.0% in the WM group, showing a statistical difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: EA is effective for AD and can improve clinical symptoms in AD patients.

Objective To prepare naloxone hydrochloride nasal spray and evaluate the ciliotoxicity and pharmacokinetics of the formulation. Methods The stability of naloxone hydrochloride was studied in pH3.5-5.5. Penetration promoting effects of absorp-tion enhancers on the naloxone hydrochloride were evaluated. Nasal ciliotoxicity studies were carried out using isolated toad palate. Rats were treated with naloxone hydrochloride solution by intramuscular injection of nasal drops to evaluate the pharmacokinetics. Results Naloxone hydrochloride solution was stable in pH3.5-5.5. Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(0.2%,W/V)had the best penetration promoting effect on naloxone hydrochloride. Naloxone hydrochloride nasal spray did not exhibit obvious nasal ciliotox-icity compared to the negative control. The nasal spray had a faster therapeutic effect and its bioavailability was similar to that of the in-tramuscular injection. Conclusion Naloxone hydrochloride nasal spray prepared in this research is stable with no obvious nasal cilio-toxicity,has faster therapeutic effect,and good bioavailability,so may have a broad application prospect.

Objective To compare the release rate and bioavailability of progesterone injection with different particle sizes. Methods The preparation of progesterone nano sized injection and micron sized injection were performed by power X-ray diffraction (PXRD)and Fourier trensform infrared spectooscory(FTIR). The dissolution rate of two preparations and progesterone was compared by dialysis Method. HPLC-MS method was used to determine the progesterone concentration of plasma in rats after intramuscular injec-tion of different preparations,and the main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and analyzed statistically. Results Based on the analysis of PXRD and FTIR,there were no crystal structure changes between the two preparations and progesterone. The complete release of progesterone nano sized injection and micron sized injection required 2 and 4 h in the PBS solution,respectively,while the release of progesterone required nearly 40 h. In the pharmacokinetic experiment,compared with progesterone injection,the Cmax of pro-gesterone nano sized injection and micron sized injection were increased by 1.8 and 1.7 times,respectively;the AUC0-t were increased by 2.95 and 1.63 times,respectively. The bioavailability of both was higher than that of progesterone injection. Conclusion The re-lease rate bioavailability of progesterone nano sized injection and micron sized injection is higher than that of progesterone and proges-terone injection. Bioavailability of progesterone nano sized injection is higher than that of progesterone micron sized injection.

Objective To explore the relationship between anxiety ,resilience and hope levels among gastric cancer patients ,so as to provide evi?dence for psychological intervention. Methods Cluster sampling design was used to select 324 gastric cancer patients. The anxiety self?assess?ment scale,resilience scale and hope scale are used to measure the related indicators. Results The comparative analysis showed that patients with different genders,education levels and marital status had different scores in anxiety level and resilience level(P<0.05),and those with differ?ent genders and marital status got different hope levels(P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that anxiety was negatively correlated with resil?ience and hope levels(P<0.05),the coefficient of correlations ranged from-0.556 to-0.124. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that edu?cation level,marital status,income level,resilience,hope levels explained portion of the variance of anxiety. Conclusion Clinical nursing staff should reduce the gastric cancer patients′anxiety by improving their resilience and hope levels.