Objective To investigate the key nursing points during and after phacoemulsification and intraocular implantation of multiple focus lens.Method Pre-and post-operative nursing was done to the patients undergoing cataract surgery for 42 eyes of 42 patients.Result All surgeries were well done without complication.The patients’visual acuity had significant improvement after operation as compared to the pre-operation(P<0.05).Conclusions Intraocular implantation with a multiple focus lens can markedly improve the patients’vision and enhance their life quality.It is important for a nurse to conduct mental care,health education and complete preoperative examination. After surgery,the disease conditions should be carefully monitored and instructs on eye protection should be done to the patients for the purpose of promoting their recovery.

BACKGROUND:Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to multiple sclerosis (MS) is a new developed treatment to be given more and more attention.However,whether the MSCs function by cell replacement after going cross the blood-brain barricr or immune suppression needs further confirmation.OBJECTIVE:To establish a steady and effective method of Y chromosome in situ hybridization (ISH) and to detect the distribution of MSCs in a mouse model with MS.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:The observational study was performed at the Laboratory of Molecular Immunology,Institute of Healthy Science from September 2007 to February 2009.MATERIALS:A total of 30 C57BL/6 mice,aged 6-8 weeks and weighing 15-20 g,were selected.Female mice were used to establish experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).METHODS:Y chromosme specific DNA probe labled with digoxine (DIG) was designed and ISH was performed to confirm that the designed probe was Y chromosome specific and biologically sensitive.We transplanted the MSCs from male mice into the female EAE mice,and tracked the MSCs by Y chromosome ISH.MAIN OUTCOME MEASRUES:Distribution of MSCs in mice with EAE was observed under the optical and fluorescence microscope.RESULTS:The probe was confirmed to be Y chromosome specific and biologically sensitive.What's more,a steady and effective method of ISH was established.Some MSCs were detected in the periphery organs-spleen and lymph node of mice with EAE;seldom in spinal cord which indicated that MSCs might play its roles by immune suppression.CONCLUSION:Some MSCs were detected in the periphery organs-spleen and lymph node of mice with EAE,but seldom in spinal cord in the central nervous system.

To investigate the effects of gambognic acid (GA) on TRAIL-induced apoptosis of cancer cells, human colon HT-29 cancer cells were treated with GA to promote apoptosis. Inhibition of the cell proliferation was measured with MTT assay and cell apoptosis was detected with formation of DNA ladders in agarose gel electrophoresis, and activation of caspase activity. The content of cytosolic reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured with flow cytometry. The activities of Caspase-3, -8, -9 were detected using spectrophotometric assay. The levels of c-FLIP, CHOP, DR4 and DR5 in cells were tested by Western blot. Combination of GA (1 µg · mL(-1)) and TRAIL (40 ng · mL(-1)) significantly reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis of HT-29 cells over those induced by each agent alone. Percentage of apoptotic cells was increased to 45.5%. GA markedly enhanced the intracellular ROS generation. Expression of CHOP, DR4 and DR5 was up-regulated to 7.38, 5.41, and 4.85 times of the control group, respectively. GA promoted activation of Caspase-3, -8, and -9 by TRAIL (P<0.05). Furthermore, the expression of anti-apoptotic protein c-FLIP was down-regulated to 0.22 ± 0.08 times of the control group. In conclusion, GA sensitizes HT-29 cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by promoting ROS-activated ERS pathways, up-regulating of DR4 and DR5, and inhibiting c-FLIP expression.

Objective To apply Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) on the patients injured in Sichuan Earthquake. Methods COPM was applied to evaluate 51 patients in hospital before and 1 months after treatment. The first evaluation confirmed the problems on occupational activities for them. Then the plan was made to solve the problems. The second evaluation was to assess the effect of the treatment.Results The problem of self-care activity is more than that of productive activities and leisure activities(P<0.01). Total scores of performance of occupational activity and satisfaction improved(P<0.01, P<0.01)Conclusion COPM is helpful to confirm the problems of occupational activities and contribute to develope the primary goals for rehabilitation and treatment programs.

Objective To investigate the impact of deep machine learning Pixel Shine (PS) algorithm on image quality of abdominal low-dose plain CT scanning in BMI≥25 kg/m2 patients.Methods A total of 59 patients (BMI≥25 kg/m2) who underwent abdominal CT scan were collected.The patients were divided into group A (100 kVp,n=30) and B (120 kVp,n=29) according to the tube voltage.According to different reconstruction algorithms and treatment methods,patients in group A were divided into A1 (FBP),A2 (FBP+PS),A3 (50％ASiR-V) and A4 (50％ASiR-V+PS) subgroups,while in group B were divided into B1 (FBP) and B2 (50％ASiR-V) subgroups.CT and SD values of right hepatic lobe and right erector spinae were measured,then SNR and CNR of liver and CT dose index of volume (CTDIvol) were calculated.The consistency of parameters measured by two observers was evaluated.Results The consistency of parameters measured by two observers was good (all ICC＞0.80).There was no statistical difference of CT values of liver and erector among A1-A4 subgroups (all P＞0.05),whereas statistical differences of SD values of liver and erector spinae,also of SNR and CNR of liver were found (all P＜0.001).Among A1-A4 subgroups,SDA4 ＜SDA2 ＜SDA3 ＜SDA1,SNRA4 ＞SNRA2 ＞SNRA3 ＞ SNRA1 (all P＜0.001) was observed.There was no significant difference of CNR between A1 and A3 subgroup (P=0.078),while CNRA4＞ CNRA2＞ CNRA3 or CNRA1 (P＜0.001) was noticed.SD values of the liver in subgroup A2 was lower than subgroup B1,and A4 was lower than B2 subgroup (all P＜0.001),and SNR and CNR increased significantly in A2 and A4 subgroups (all P＜0.001).CTDIvol of group A was lower than that of group B (P＜0.001).Conclusion Deep machine learning PS algorithm can improve image quality of abdominal low-dose plain CT scanning in high-BMI patients.

Objective To compare the immunopotentiating effects of polysaccharides extracted from wild/cultivate Cistanehe deserticola (WCDPS/CCDPS) in Xinjiang. Methods ICR mice were subcu-taneously injected twice with different doses(low,medium and high) of WCDPS and CCDPS in combination with ovalbumin (OVA). OVA-specific antibody IgG,as well as IgG1 and IgG2a subtypes, was determined by ELISA. OVA-specific lymphocyte proliferation was measured by MTT. Expression of CD4+T and CD8+T cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results Both WCDPS and CCDPS could significantly improve the production of OVA-specific IgG,IgG1 and IgG2a,promote the proliferation of OVA-specific lymphocytes and increase the expression of CD4+T and CD8+T cells(all P<0.05) with no significant difference between them at the same dosages (P>0.05). WCDPS and CCDPS had no influence on the body weight of mice after im-munization. Conclusion WCDSP and CCDPS could significantly enhance the OVA-specific humoral and cellular immune responses with no statistical difference and are characterized by high safety.

Objective:To investigate the optimal dose of Th1/Th2 immuno-enhancement effects of cultivated Artemisia rupestris L. crude polysaccharides (CARCP) on foot-and-mouth disease vaccine (FMDV) via the intramuscular route. Methods:ICR mice were intramuscularly immunized twice with different concentrations of CARCP mixed with FMDV at 2-week intervals. FMDV-specific antibodies, isotypes, and IgE in serum were detected by ELISA. Splenocyte proliferation was detected by MTT. T lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in the spleen were detected by flow cytometry. Clinical signs and local reactions at the injection site were monitored daily, and the body weight of mice was weighed after immunization.Results:The medium dose of CARCP could significantly improve FMDV-specific IgG, IgG 1, and IgG 2a antibody levels and the IgG 2a/IgG 1 ratio ( P<0.05) and lead to significant splenocyte proliferative responses ( P<0.01). The medium dose of CARCP could also significantly increase the level of CD3 +CD4 + and CD3 +CD8 + T cells as well as CD4 +/CD8 + ratio ( P<0.05), elicited the higher levels of IFN-γ in CD4 + T cells and CD8 + T cells ( P<0.05). No local adverse reactions at the injection site were observed after immunization. There was no significant difference in body weight or growth between each group( P>0.05). CARCP did not significantly induce an IgE response ( P>0.05). Conclusions:CARCP as an FMDV adjuvant promotes Th1/Th2 immune responses, especially in favor of the Th1 response, and has a certain safety profile. The best immune enhancement is achieved with CARCP at medium doses.

OBJECTIVES: Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it has spread rapidly in China and many other countries. The rapid increase in the number of cases has caused widespread panic among people and has become the main public health problem in the world. Severe patients often have difficult breathing and/or hypoxemia after 1 week of onset. A few critically ill patients may not only rapidly develop into acute respiratory distress syndrome, but also may cause coagulopathy, as well as multiple organs failure (such as heart, liver and kidney) or even death. This article is to analyze the predictive role of clinical features in patients with COVID-19 for severe disease, so as to help doctor monitor the severity-related features, restrain the disease progress, and provide a reference for improvement of medical treatment. METHODS: The clinical data of 208 patients with COVID-19 who were isolated and treated in Changsha Public Health Treatment Center from January 17, 2020 to March 14, 2020 were collected. All patients were the mild and ordinary adult patients on admission, including 105 males and 103 females from 19 to 84 (median age 44) years old. According to the "Program for the diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infected pneumonia (Trial version 7)" issued by the General Office of National Health Committee and Office of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine as the diagnostic and typing criteria. According to progression from mild to severe disease during hospitalization, the patients were divided into a mild group (=183) and a severe transformation group (=25). The clinical features such as age, underlying disease, blood routine, coagulation function, blood biochemistry, oxygenation index, and so on were analyzed. Among them, laboratory tests included white blood cell (WBC), lymphocytes (LYM), neutrophil (NEU), hemoglobin (Hb), platelet (PLT), prothrombin time (PT), plasma fibrinogen (Fib), activated partial prothrombin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), -dimer, total bilirubin (TBIL), albumin (ALB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Cr), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), and oxygen partial pressure in arterial blood. Partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood/fractional concentration of inspiratory oxygen (PaO/FiO) was calculated. The variables with statistical significance were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Patients in the severe transformation group had more combined underlying diseases than those in the mild group (<0.05). From the perspective of disease distribution, patients in the severe transformation group had more combined hypertension (<0.05). In the severe transformation group, PT was significantly longer, the levels of Fib, ALT, AST, CK, LDH, and CRP were significantly higher than those in the mild group (<0.05 or <0.001), while LYM, ALB, and PaO/FiO were significantly lower than those in the mild group (<0.05 or <0.001). Logistic regression analysis was performed on clinical features with statistically significant differences. Combined with hypertension, LYM, PT, Fib, ALB, ALT, AST, CK, LDH, and CRP as independent variables, and having severe disease or not was the dependent variable. The results show that combined hypertension, decreased LYM, longer PT, and increased CK level were independent risk factors that affected the severity of COVID-19 (<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The patients with mild COVID-19 who are apt to develop severe diseases may be related to combined hypertension, decreased LYM, and longer PT, and increased CK level. For the mild patients with these clinical features, early intervention may effectively prevent the progression to severe diseases.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Betacoronavirus ; China ; Coronavirus Infections ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult