Objective:To investigate the content change of EGF and NT-4/5 in the the frontal lobe,hippocampus and thalamus of rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion,in order to reveal the dynamic protection of EGF and NT-4/5 to cerebellum ischemia-reperfusion injury.Methods:Wistar senile rats were divided into the control group and the experiment groups at random.The control group included 5.The experimental groups were divided into cerebral ischemia 15 min group and ischemia-reperfusion 1 h,6 h,2 d,4 d,9 d groups after 15 min ischemia,5 rats per group.Results:There was all a little expression of EGF and NT-4/5 in the frontal lobe,hippocampus and thalamus of normal senile rats.The frontal lobe was shown evident increase of EGF expression in ischemia-reperfusion 2 d only.The hippocampus was shown continued increase of EGF expression during ischemia-reperfusion 6 h to 4 d and the EGF expression was shown a peak in ischemia-reperfusion 4 d.The increase of EGF expression in thalamus continued during ischemia-reperfusion 2-9 d too.The NT-4/5 expression of the frontal brain was clearly reduced after ischemia-reperfusion and returned to normal in ischemia-reperfusion 9 d.The NT-4/5 expression of hippocampus was shown one-off reduction after ischemia-reperfusion,but the expression quickly returned to normal and shows a little increase.The thalamus had only one-off reduction of NT-4/5 expression.Conclusion:The frontal lobe lacks of fast neuroprotective mechanism of EGF in early stage of ischemia-reperfusion and it has a limited neuroprotective effect of EGF in middle and advanced stage.The hippocampus has a fast and long-lasting neuroprotective mechanism of EGF.The thalamus has a delayed neuroprotective mechanism of EGF.The frontal brain and hippocampus have a delayed neuroprotective mechanism of NT-4/5.The neuroprotective mechanism of NT-4/5 is weaker in thalamus.

OBJECTIVE To make the patients using the central venous catheter safely when given chemotherapy and intravenous nutritional therapy,and to decrease the catheter infection by establishing effective infection-preventing systems. METHODS Many infection-preventing actions were carried out,including a three-level management,improving the workers′ training in catheter operation and maintenance,and health education. RESULTS Comparing with the matched group,the infection rate of the experimental group was much lower after the actions.The actions prevented the increase of infection effectively. CONCLUSIONS Building and carrying out the systems are proved to be important measures to decrease the catheter infection and ensure the quality of life among patients during the therapy in hospital.

Objective To explore the relation of skin carotenoid levels with lifestyle.Methods Complete clinical data of 493 adults who received health check-up in our hospital between December 2010 and December 2011were collected for this retrospective study.The relationship between skin carotenoid level and lifestyle was investigated.ResultsNo strong relationship between skin carotenoid level and age,education level,occupation and marriage status was found ( x2 values were 2.150,6.443,4.560 and 2.028,respectively; all P ＞0.05 ).However,skin carotenoid was significantly correlated with dietary variety,intake of fruits and vegetables,exercise frequency,cigarette smoking,passive smoking,mood,sleeping and gender( x2 values were 520.234,89.936,4.002,81.428,154.271,84.871,11.546 and 2.150,respectively ; all P ＜0.05 ).Conclusions Our data suggest a relationship between lifestyle and skin carotenoid level.Skin carotenoid assessment may help to detect bad lifestyle in time.

Objective: To determine the clinical efficacy and feasibility of multiple special formed titanium mesh cages (TMCs) to treat lumbo-sacral spinal tuberculosis via posterior approach. Methods: From July, 2007 to June, 2013, 25 patients with lumbo-sacral spinal tuberculosis underwent one-stage posterior debridement, internal if xation, and interbody fusion using multiple special formed titanium meshes. We compared the parameters as follow: the pre- and post-operative American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) score, lumbo-sacral angle, the height of intervertebral space, visual analogue scale (VAS), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and observedoperation time, intraoperative blood loss, and time of bone gratf fusion. Results: Operation time ranged from 90 to 180 min, (128±24) min in average. Blood loss in the operation ranged from 100 to 800 mL, (310±125) mL in average. hTe patients were followed up for 24 to 59 months, (43±7) months in average. One patient delayed healing of wound. ASIA score was improved in a certain degree in patients with neurological dysfunctions. hTe lumbo-sacral angle and the height of intervertebral space in the post-operation were signiifcantly higher than those in the pre-operation (P<0.001). VAS was reduced obviously atfer 2 weeks of operation. hTe ESR recovered to the normal level 6 months atfer operation in all the patients. Solid fusion was achieved within 4 to 8 months, 6 months in average. No sinus tract, cerebrospinal meningitis, tuberculosis recurrence and titanium mesh subsidence were found. Conclusion: For lumbo-sacral tuberculosis, multiple special formed titanium mesh cages via posterior approach is safe and effective, which is good to the stability in spine reconstruction.

Objective To explore the feasibility of establishing mini-pig model of type 1 diabetes by single intrave-nous injection of high dose streptozotocin .Methods Eight male Zhonghua mini-pigs (22.6 ±1.8 kg) were administrated with high-dose streptozotocin (150 mg/kg) into the ear vein .Before and 10, 30, 90 minutes, 1, 3 and 7 days after adminis-tration of streptozotocin , blood samples were obtained respectively , and used to dynamically monitor the fasting blood-glucose. C peptide and insulin levels were evaluated by IVGTT test .Results Since 24 hours after STZ administration , the fasting blood-glucose level was increased significantly compared with that of pre-administration and maintained at 16.7-20.6 mmol/L, while the C peptide and insulin levels were decreased significantly .IVGTT results showed that blood sugar levels at 1 h af-ter intravenous injection of 50%glucose were much higher than 11.1 mmol/L and failed to restore to fasting glucose levels until 2 h, insulin and c-peptide did no response after injection of glucose , always kept at a trace level .Conclusion A sin-gle high-dose streptozotocin injection can be used to establish a mini-pig model of type 1 diabetes successfully .

Objective To analyze the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of neurosyphilis. Methods Clinical data on and laboratory findings in 18 cases with neurosyphilis collected in the Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University from 2006 to 2008 were retrospectively studied.Results Among the 18 patients, 3 sufferred from asymptomatic neurosyphilis, 1 from meningeal syphilis, 7 from meningovascular syphilis, 5 from paralytic dementia, and 2 from intracranial space-occupation. Toluidine red unheated serum reagin test (TRUST) and Treponema pallidum particle agglutination test (TPPA) of sera were positive in all the patients; cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) TRUST was positive in 16 patients, and CSF TPPA in all patients. An increase was observed in CSF leukocyte count in 7 patients and in CSF protein in 13 patients.The findings on cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) mainly included demyelination, brain atrophy,cerebral infarction, etc. All the patients, except 2 with a TRUST titer of 1:4, experienced a 4-fold decrease in TRUST titer within a 3-month follow up. Clinical symptoms of neurosyphilis improved in all patients except 1 with paralytic dementia. Conclusions The diversity of clinical manifestations usually leads to the misdiagnosis of neurosyphilis, which should be diagnosed based on comprehensive analysis of clinical characteristics as well as laboratory and imaging findings. Early diagnosis and treatment are beneficial to its prognosis.

Objective To demonstrate the clinical value of left ventricular opacification (LVO),compared to conventional echocardiography,on interpretation of apical thrombus,measuring left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),and monitoring the effects of anticoagulation.Methods This retrospective study included twenty-six myocardial infarction patients with suspected apical thrombus on routine echocardiography in China-Japan friendship hospital between August 2015 and October 2016.All patients underwent LVO using microbubble contrast agent (SonoVue).Six patients had repeated LVO examination 3-11 months after anticoagulant therapy.The diagnostic performance of routine echocardiography and LVO were compared using McNemar test.The interobserver agreement in measuring LVEF by conventional echocardiograph and LVO were analyzed using Bland-Altman analysis.Results Apical thrombus were diagnosed in 6 patients,excluded in 4 patients and inconclusive in 16 patients by routine echocardiography,while diagnosed in 10 patients,excluded in 15 patients and inconclusive in 1 patients by LVO.The inconclusive results were significantly improved when using LVO [96.2％(25/26) vs 38.5％(10/26)] (x2=13.067,P ＜ 0.001).Bland-Altman chart showed the mean difference of LVEF by LVO between senior and junior doctors was 1.5％[95％ CI(-9.6％,6.5％)],while the mean difference was 3.5％ [95％CI(-23.9％,16.9％)] when using routine echocardiography.The interobserver agreement in measuring LVEF was better for LVO.Six patients were followed up 3-1 1 months after anticoagulation.Of them,1 thrombus disappeared,4 diminished and 1 had no significant change.Conclusion LVO has the potential value of improving the diagnosisof apical thrombus,assessment of LVEF,and monitoring of anticoagulation in myocardial infarction patients.

Abstract: Integrated stress response is an adaptive response produced by eukaryotic cells after intracellular and extracellular stimulation. The activation of integrated stress response inhibits the translation of most proteins, yet it can promote the translation of certain proteins to cope with complex cellular microenvironment changes. A large number of studies have found that in a variety of nervous system diseases, the integrated stress response can be activated by stress signals of disease-related cells and participates in the occurrence and progression of diseases through processes such as learning and memory consolidation, myelin regeneration and synaptic plasticity. This article summarizes the role, mechanism and possible drug targets of integrated stress response in central nervous system diseases and discusses the potential of pharmacological methods to regulate integrated stress response in the treatment of central nervous system diseases, in order to provide reference for pathological research on and drug development for central nervous system diseases.

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of a mumps outbreak in a primary school in Xining, Qinghai province.Methods:The epidemiological investigation was carried out to analyze the epidemiological distribution of mumps cases in the outbreak. Serum and throat swab samples were collected from 9 suspected mumps cases for laboratory testing. The throat swab samples detected positive for nucleic acid of mumps virus were subjected to virus isolation. Then the SH gene was amplified by RT-PCR for positive virus isolates, and the genotypes of mumps virus were identified and gene characteristics were analyzed.Results:A total of 13 cases were reported in this outbreak. The age of cases was mainly 7-11 years old, and the cases were mainly concentrated at 8 years old (69.23%. 9/13). The male to female ratio is 1.6: 1. None of the 13 cases had a history of mumps vaccination. And there was an obvious in-class clustering in this mumps outbreak. Of the 9 suspected mumps cases, 8 were double positive for mumps specific IgM antibody and viral nucleic acid. Two positive mumps virus isolates were obtained and identified by genotyping as F genotype, and the SH gene sequence of the two mumps virus isolates had 100% homology.Conclusions:This outbreak is caused by genotype F mumps virus. MuV immunization activities were recommended to conduct among unvaccinated students in primary and secondary schools.