Objective:To examine the plasma soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R)and the expression of IFN-γR in helper T (Th)cells in peripheral blood of patients with recurrent oral ulcer(ROU).Methods:The peripheral blood was obtained from 21 pa-tients in active stage of ROU and 21 healthy controls.Flow cytometry was used to detect the quantity of IFN-γR in CD +4 T cells,ELISA was used to detect the level of sIL-2R.Results:The expression of IFN-γR in CD +4 T cells and sIL-2R content in plasma of the patients with ROU were significantly higher than those in the healthy controls(P <0.05).Conclusion:Over expression of IFN-γR in CD +4 T cells and sIL-2R in peripheral blood may be related to the genesis of ROU.

Objective:To investigate the expression of LAIR-1 on Treg cells and TGF-βin the peripheral blood of patients with oral lichen planus(OLP).Methods:The peripheral blood was obtained from 22 OLP patients and 22 healthy controls.Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the proportion of LAIR-1 on CD4 +Foxp3 +Treg cells,and the level of TGF-βwas measured by ELISA.Results:In the peripheral blood of OLP patients,the proportion of LAIR-1 on CD4 +Foxp3 +Treg cells and TGF-βcontent were significantly higher than those of the healthy controls(P ＜0.05),The proportion of LAIR-1 on CD4 +Foxp3 +Treg cells was positively correlated with the level of TGF-β(r =0.43,P ＜0.05).Conclusion:The high expression of LAIR-1 on CD4 +Foxp3 +Treg cells and TGF-βin the pe-ripheral blood of OLP patients may be responsible for the pathogenesis of OLP.

Objective To investigate the efficacy ,safety and compliance of mesalazine sustained‐release (SR) granules taking once daily or multi‐times daily in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate active ulcerative colitis .Methods Sixty patients with mild to moderate active ulcerative colitis were divided into group A ,B and C with 20 patients in each group .Group A received mesalazine SR granules 4 g once daily ,Group B with 2 g each time and twice daily ,Group C with 1 g each time and four times daily . The total course was eight weeks . The vital signs ,Mayo score ,compliance and adverse effects of patients were monitored at 0 ,4th ,8th weeks .At 0 and 8th weeks ,colonoscopy were performed . The parameters of efficacy assessment were clinical complete remission rate , clinical remission rate , efficacy rate ,mucosal healing rate ,remission time and safety .The F test ,t test or Chi‐square test was performed for comparison among groups .Results The clinical complete remission rate of group A ,B and C was 20% (4/20) ,10% (2/20) and 10% (2/20) ,respectively .The clinical complete remission rate was 70% (14/20) ,65% (13/20) and 70% (14/20) ,respectively .The efficacy rate was 95% (19/20) ,85%(17/20) and 90% (18/20) ,respectively .The mucosal healing rate was 70% (14/20) ,60% (12/20) and 50% (10/20) ,respectively .The side effects rate was 20% (4/20) ,15% (3/20) and 20% (4/20) .There was no significant difference between groups (all P > 0 .05) .The remission time of group A and B was (15 .4 ± 3 .7) days and (15 .6 ± 2 .9) days ,which were both shorter than that of group C (18 .4 ± 3 .6) days ,and the differences were statistically significant (t= 2 .661 and 2 .710 ,both P< 0 .05) .There was no significant difference among three groups in gender ,disease course , severity , location and clinical remission rate of sub‐groups .Conclusions The efficacy and safety of mesalazine SR granules taking once daily or multi‐times daily are similar in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate active ulcerative colitis .Once daily have better compliance than other regimens .

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Activating brown adipose tissue (BAT) and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) can protect against obesity and obesity-related metabolic conditions.Cryptotanshinone (CT) regulates lipid metabolism and significantly ameliorates insulin resistance. Adenosine-5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a receptor for cellular energy metabolism, is believed to regulate brown fat activity in humans.MATERIALS/METHODS: The in vivo study included high-fat-fed obese mice administered orally 200/400 mg/kg/d CT. They were evaluated through weight measurement, the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test (IPITT), cold stimulation test, serum lipid (total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein) measurement, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry.Furthermore, the in vitro study investigated primary adipose mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with incubation of CT and AMPK agonists (acadesine)/inhibitor (Compound C).Cells were evaluated using Oil Red O staining, Alizarin red staining, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence staining to identify and observe the osteogenic versus adipogenic differentiation. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and the Western blot were used to observe related gene expression. RESULTS: In the diet-induced obesity mouse model mice CT suppressed body weight, food intake, glucose levels in the IPGTT and IPTT, serum lipids, the volume of adipose tissue, and increased thermogenesis, uncoupling protein 1, and the AMPK pathway expression. In the in vitro study, CT prevented the formation of lipid droplets from MSCs while activating brown genes and the AMPK pathway. AMPK activator enhanced CT’s effects, while the AMPK inhibitor reversed the effects of CT. CONCLUSION CT promotes adipose tissue browning to increase body thermogenesis and reduce obesity by activating the AMPK pathway. This study provides an experimental foundation for the use of CT in obesity treatment.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Activating brown adipose tissue (BAT) and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) can protect against obesity and obesity-related metabolic conditions.Cryptotanshinone (CT) regulates lipid metabolism and significantly ameliorates insulin resistance. Adenosine-5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a receptor for cellular energy metabolism, is believed to regulate brown fat activity in humans.MATERIALS/METHODS: The in vivo study included high-fat-fed obese mice administered orally 200/400 mg/kg/d CT. They were evaluated through weight measurement, the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test (IPITT), cold stimulation test, serum lipid (total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein) measurement, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry.Furthermore, the in vitro study investigated primary adipose mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with incubation of CT and AMPK agonists (acadesine)/inhibitor (Compound C).Cells were evaluated using Oil Red O staining, Alizarin red staining, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence staining to identify and observe the osteogenic versus adipogenic differentiation. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and the Western blot were used to observe related gene expression. RESULTS: In the diet-induced obesity mouse model mice CT suppressed body weight, food intake, glucose levels in the IPGTT and IPTT, serum lipids, the volume of adipose tissue, and increased thermogenesis, uncoupling protein 1, and the AMPK pathway expression. In the in vitro study, CT prevented the formation of lipid droplets from MSCs while activating brown genes and the AMPK pathway. AMPK activator enhanced CT’s effects, while the AMPK inhibitor reversed the effects of CT. CONCLUSION CT promotes adipose tissue browning to increase body thermogenesis and reduce obesity by activating the AMPK pathway. This study provides an experimental foundation for the use of CT in obesity treatment.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Activating brown adipose tissue (BAT) and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) can protect against obesity and obesity-related metabolic conditions.Cryptotanshinone (CT) regulates lipid metabolism and significantly ameliorates insulin resistance. Adenosine-5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a receptor for cellular energy metabolism, is believed to regulate brown fat activity in humans.MATERIALS/METHODS: The in vivo study included high-fat-fed obese mice administered orally 200/400 mg/kg/d CT. They were evaluated through weight measurement, the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test (IPITT), cold stimulation test, serum lipid (total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein) measurement, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry.Furthermore, the in vitro study investigated primary adipose mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with incubation of CT and AMPK agonists (acadesine)/inhibitor (Compound C).Cells were evaluated using Oil Red O staining, Alizarin red staining, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence staining to identify and observe the osteogenic versus adipogenic differentiation. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and the Western blot were used to observe related gene expression. RESULTS: In the diet-induced obesity mouse model mice CT suppressed body weight, food intake, glucose levels in the IPGTT and IPTT, serum lipids, the volume of adipose tissue, and increased thermogenesis, uncoupling protein 1, and the AMPK pathway expression. In the in vitro study, CT prevented the formation of lipid droplets from MSCs while activating brown genes and the AMPK pathway. AMPK activator enhanced CT’s effects, while the AMPK inhibitor reversed the effects of CT. CONCLUSION CT promotes adipose tissue browning to increase body thermogenesis and reduce obesity by activating the AMPK pathway. This study provides an experimental foundation for the use of CT in obesity treatment.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Activating brown adipose tissue (BAT) and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) can protect against obesity and obesity-related metabolic conditions.Cryptotanshinone (CT) regulates lipid metabolism and significantly ameliorates insulin resistance. Adenosine-5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a receptor for cellular energy metabolism, is believed to regulate brown fat activity in humans.MATERIALS/METHODS: The in vivo study included high-fat-fed obese mice administered orally 200/400 mg/kg/d CT. They were evaluated through weight measurement, the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test (IPITT), cold stimulation test, serum lipid (total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein) measurement, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry.Furthermore, the in vitro study investigated primary adipose mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with incubation of CT and AMPK agonists (acadesine)/inhibitor (Compound C).Cells were evaluated using Oil Red O staining, Alizarin red staining, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence staining to identify and observe the osteogenic versus adipogenic differentiation. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and the Western blot were used to observe related gene expression. RESULTS: In the diet-induced obesity mouse model mice CT suppressed body weight, food intake, glucose levels in the IPGTT and IPTT, serum lipids, the volume of adipose tissue, and increased thermogenesis, uncoupling protein 1, and the AMPK pathway expression. In the in vitro study, CT prevented the formation of lipid droplets from MSCs while activating brown genes and the AMPK pathway. AMPK activator enhanced CT’s effects, while the AMPK inhibitor reversed the effects of CT. CONCLUSION CT promotes adipose tissue browning to increase body thermogenesis and reduce obesity by activating the AMPK pathway. This study provides an experimental foundation for the use of CT in obesity treatment.

Objective:To investigate the influences of Neferine(Nef)on inflammatory injury in nephrotic syndrome(NS)rats by regulating the MAPK/NF-κB pathway.Methods:SD rats were separated into control check group(CK group),Model group,low-dose Nef group(Nef-L group,2.5 mg/kg),high-dose Nef group(Nef-H group,5 mg/kg),prednisone acetate group(PA group,6.3 mg/kg),Anisomycin(MAPK agonist)group(5 μmol/L),Nef-H+Anisomycin group(5 mg/kg+5 μmol/L),with 12 rats in each group.Except for the CK group,all other groups were injected with doxorubicin through the tail vein to induce the NS rat model.Rats in CK group were injected with an equal volume of normal saline through the tail vein at the same time.After successful modeling,dosing treatment was performed once a day for 4 weeks.Detected 24-hour urine protein content,serum creatinine(Scr),albumin(ALB),urea nitro-gen(BUN)levels,renal tissue pathology,and levels of TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β in renal tissue;TUNEL staining was performed to detect cell apoptosis in rat kidney tissue;Western blot was performed to detect the expression of p-p38,p-JNK,p-ERK1/2 and p-NF-κB p65 proteins in rat kidney tissue.Results:Compared with CK group,Model group had severe renal tissue pathological damage,the 24 h urinary protein,Scr,BUN,TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1β,apoptosis rate,p-p38,p-JNK,p-ERK1/2,p-NF-κB p65 protein expressions were increased,while ALB level was decreased(P<0.05);compared with Model group,the renal tissue pathological damage of rats in Nef-L group,Nef-H group and PA group were severe,the 24 h urinary protein,Scr,BUN,TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1β,apoptosis rate,p-p38,p-JNK,p-ERK1/2,p-NF-κB P65 protein expressions were decreased,while ALB level was increased,the renal tissue pathological damage in the Anisomycin group was aggravated,the 24 h urinary protein,Scr,BUN,TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1β,apoptosis rate,p-p38,p-JNK,p-ERK1/2,p-NF-κB p65 protein expressions were increased,while ALB level was decreased(P<0.05);Anisomycin attenu-ated the effects of high doses of Nef on NS rats.Conclusion:Nef may alleviate the inflammatory injury in NS rats by inhibiting MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective:To study characteristics of changes in the demand for emergency medical services during epidemic prevention and control "10 new measures" in Zhejiang province.Methods:The data of 26 emergency centers connected to the provincial integration platform of Zhejiang Province (hereinafter referred to as "provincial platform" ) were retrospectively analyzed, and the data were collected from one week before the implementation of "10 new measures" to the sixth week after implementation (December 1, 2022 to January 18, 2023). The collected information included: the number of 120 calls and ambulance services, the types of disease, age composition of patients, performance of emergency medical services.Results:From the second week of the implementation of "10 new measures" (December 15 to 21, 2022), the number of 120 calls and ambulance services were increased rapidly, and the peak occurred in the third week of implementation (December 21 to 28, 2022). Among the types of diseases, the number and proportion of patients with abnormal symptoms and respiratory diseases increased significantly, reaching the highest peak in the third week (December 21 to 28, 2022) and the fourth week (December 29, 2022 to January 4, 2023) of implementation, respectively. After the second week of implementation, the number of elderly patients aged 71 to 100 increased significantly, reaching a peak in the fourth week (December 29, 2022 to January 4, 2023), accounting for 60.76% of the total. During the epidemic period, the quality control indicators such as emergency dispatch time, ambulance dispatch time and medical treatment all fluctuated, but the changes were not significant.Conclusions:During the implementation of epidemic prevention and control "10 new measures", there were obvious characteristic changes in the demand for pre-hospital emergency in Zhejiang Province, but the quality of pre-hospital emergency medical was basically stable.

To control thrombopoietin (TPO) expression by doxycycline in CHO cells, Tet-On gene expression system was used. Recombinant plasmid pTRE-TPO was successfully constructed. pTRE-TPO and pTK-Hyg were cotransfected into CHO-Tet-On cells. Cells resistant to hygromycin were cloned, high expression and low background clone was selected, and named as CHO-Tet-On-TPO. There was no significant TPO expression in the absence of doxycycline, the TPO level in the cell culture supernatant was 0.1 micro g/L. After exposure to 2 mg/L doxycycline, TPO expression was greatly increased, the TPO level in the cell culture supernatant reached 10.8 micro g/L. Tet-On gene expression system is a ready access to the tight-regulated and high-level gene expression system. It is likely to provide a safe and regulatable way for TPO gene therapy.