Laboratory animal science teaching has become an indispensable part of medical education.This paper summarized teaching characteristics of laboratory animal science at different levels, including the curriculum setting background, curriculum arrangement as well as assessment methods, in order to provide some references for the teaching staff of laboratory animal science.

Objective To discuss the application of role reversal teaching in the clinical course of rehabilitation medicine. Methods 64 students of a vocational college under clinical practice were divided into traditional teaching group (n=30) and role reversal teaching group (n=34). The achievement of knowledge and practice tests were compared after course. Results There was no significant difference in the score of knowledge test between the groups before clinical practice (P>0.05), however, the scores of both knowledge and practice tests were higher in the role reversal teaching group than in the traditional teaching group (P<0.001). Conclusion The role reversal teaching may improve the achievement of students for clinical course of rehabilitation medicine.

Aging is associated with declines of the muscular strength and cardiorespiratory functions, resulting in an impaired capacity to perform daily activities. Frailty is a clinical geriatric syndrome characterized by decreases in the biological functional reserve and resis-tance to stressors, which puts older individuals at special risk of disability. To counteract the muscular strength and cardiorespiratory func-tions declines associated with aging, as well as to prevent and treat the frailty syndrome, the strength and endurance training seems to be an effective strategy to improve muscular strength and endurance performance. This article reviewed the exercise prescription in health and frail elderly subjects according to the current situation of the researches about muscular strength and cardiorespiratory function training. Based on the results found, for the healthy older adults, strength training should be performed at moderate-to high-intensity (60%-80%of 1 RM ), and moderate volume (2-3 sets per exercise, 2-3 times/week ). Also, endurance training should be performed at moderate-to high-in-tensity (60%-85% of VO2max), and moderat volume (25-40 min). The frail older adults should exercise 2-3 times a week, for 45-60 min. Strength, endurance, flexibility, and balance training components should be incorporated, and strength and balance training should be empha-sized.

Contour detection is one of the most difficult problems in the multi-dimensional reconstruction of echocardiographic images. A method based on active contour model is presented in the present paper to solve this problem. First, according to the characteristic of the ultrasonic medical images, an adaptive weighted median filter is used to suppress speckle noise and an adaptive threshold value is selected to get binary image. Then, mathematical morphological treatment is utilized to get the initial contour. At last, active contour model is employed to revise the initial contour and get the accurate final contour. Experiments with real and interpolated ultrasonic images are presented. The results show the effectiveness of this method. This method has practical use in the multi-dimensional reconstruction of ultrasonic medical images.

Objective: To investigate the influence and significance of DHA on expression of angiogenesis-related genes in SGC7901 cells. Methods:SGC7901 were treated with DHA (5, 10, 20, 40, and 80μmol/l) for different times (24, 48, and 72 h), and the growth inhibition was detected by MTT. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-C), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and PTEN mRNA were detected by fluorescence-based quantitative poly-merase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Their corresponding protein levels were tested by Western blot. Results:DHA significantly inhibited the growth of SGC7901 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner (P<0.05). The expression of the angiogenesis-related genes signifi-cantly changed, as shown by RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. Compared with the control group, the expressions of VEGF-C, COX-2, and VCAM-1 were down-regulated, whereas the expressions of PTEN were up-regulated, after DHA treatment (P<0.05). Con-clusion:DHA inhibits cell growth in gastric cancer SGC7901 cells. The effect may be due to its reduction of VEGF-C, COX-2, and VCAM-1 gene expression, as well as its promotion of PTEN expression in gastric cancer cells.

Objective To investigate the effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on the proliferation of gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 and its mechanism.Methods SGC7901 cells were divided into the DHA group and the control group.SGC7901 cells in the DHA group were treated with DHA of different concentrations (6.25,12.50,25.00,50.00,100.00 μmol/L),SGC7901 cells in the control group were cultured in the 0.1％ DMSO medium.The proliferation of SGC7901 cells was detected by the MTF method at different time points (24,48,72 hours).Cell cycles of SGC7901 in the DHA group were observed by flow cytometry at 24 hours after treatment.The expressions of Cyclin A,Cyclin D1,Cyclin E,Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and P16 were detected by Western blot after treating SGC7901 with DHA at concentration of 100μmol/L for 24 hours.The interaction between CDK4 with Cyclin D1 or P16 was examined using the co-immunoprecipitation assay.All data were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance or the t test.Results The proliferation of SGC7901 cells was significantly inhibited after the treatment with DHA at different concentrations (6.25,12.50,25.00,50.00,100.00 μmol/L) for 24,48 and 72 hours (F =78.66,235.37,93.75,P ＜ 0.05).Compared with control group,the number of SCG7901 cells in the G0/G1 phase in the DHA group was significantly increased (F =18.42,P ＜0.05).After treating SGC7901 cells with DHA for 24 hours,the protein expressions of Cyclin D1 and CDK4 were 0.67 ± 0.15 and 0.64 ± 0.18 in the control group,which were significantly higher than 0.17 ± 0.05and 0.24 ± 0.06 in the DHA group (t =7.746,5.164,P ＜ 0.05).The protein expressions of Cyclin E were 0.42 ± 0.06 in the control group and 0.35 ± 0.06 in the DHA group,with no significant difference (t =2.021,P ＞ 0.05).The protein expressions of Cyclin A were 0.35 ± 0.09 in the control group and 0.38 ± 0.08 in the DHA group,with no significant difference between the 2 groups (t =1.266,P ＞ 0.05).The protein expressions of P16 were 0.29 ± 0.07 in the control group and 0.54 ± 0.12 in the DHA group,with significant difference between the 2 groups (t =4.408,P ＜ 0.05).The results of co-immunoprecipitation assay showed that DHA decreased the interaction between CDK4 and Cyclin D1,and increased the interaction between CDK4 and P16.Conclusion DHA induces SGC7901 cells arrested in G0/G1 phase,and the effect may be related with its downregulation of Cyclin D1 and CDK4,up-regulation of P16,decreasing the interaction between CDK4 and Cyclin D1,and increasing the interaction between CDK4 and P16.

Objective:To investigate the expression of miR-16,miR-17,miR-30a etc in peripheral blood plasma ,mononuclear cells ( PBMC) and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) and its clinical significance ,to provide a theoretical basis for the further research in the mechanism of RA.Methods:Collected 80 cases of RA patients ,32 cases of osteoarthritis ( OA) patients and 32 healthy human peripheral blood ,synovial fluid ,separating the plasma and PBMC;extraction of small RNA ,with specific stem loop primed reverse transcription into cDNA , establishing a mature miRNA-T carrier and making standard curve;stem-loop method Real-time quantitative PCR was adopted to detect the expression of miRNAs in plasma ,PBMC and synovial fluid,and for correlation analysis;and with RA activity monitoring indicators rheumatoid factor (RF),erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),C-reactive protein (CRP) correlation analysis.Results:In RA group,the expression of miR-16,miR-17,miR-30a,miR-106,miR-101 and miR-130 in plasma,PBMC and synovial fluid were upregμlation compared with OA group,the healthy control group (P<0.05),but the expression level of miR-101 in plasma of RA and OA -group difference was not statistically significant.Correlation analysis showed that 6 kinds of miRNA in the plasma ,PBMC and joint fluid have varying degrees of positive correlation ( P<0.05 ).Correlation analysis showed that miRNA in plasma , PBMC and synovial fluid have one or more indicators of a positive correlation with RF , ESR, CRP ( P<0.05 ).Conclusion:The expression of miR-16,miR-17,miR-30a,miR-101,miR-106 and miR-130 is changes significant in the peripheral blood and synovial fluid of RA patients ,indicate the miRNAs may be through some related genes play an important role in the process of the pathogenesis of RA;its expression level can be used as an effective indicator of RA disease activity , and provide new diagnostic markers for RA.

Objective To investigate the changes and significance of serum anti-CCP (ACCP)antibody,matrix metalloprotein-ase-3 (MMP-3 ),interleukin-17 (IL-17 ),interleukin-18 (IL-18 )in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods The ELISA method was adopted to detect the in the peripheral blood serum ACCP antibody,MMP-3,IL-17 and IL-18 in 80 patients with RA,32 patients with osteoarthritis (OA)and 32 cases of healthy controls and the detection results were performed the statis-tical analysis.Results The ACCP antibody,MMP-3,IL-17 and IL-18 levels in the RA group were significantly higher than those in the OA group and the healthy control groups;the ACCP antibody,MMP-3,IL-17 and IL-18 levels in the low,middle and high RA activity groups were higher than those in the stable group,the ACCP antibody,MMP-3,IL-17,IL-18,disease activity score (DAS28),C-reactive protein (CRP)and erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)in the RA group were increased;the MMP-3,IL-17, IL-18 and DAS28 in the ACCP antibody positive group were higher than those in the A CCP antibody negative group;the positive correlation existed among the ACCP antibody,MMP-3,IL-17 and IL-18 in the RA group (P <0.05);the ACCP antibody,MMP-3, IL-17 and IL-18 were positively correlated with the monitoring indicators of CRP and DAS28 in the low,middle and high RA activi-ty groups.Conclusion MMP-3,IL-17 and IL-18 participate in the occurrence and development process of RA;The detection of ser-um ACCP antibody,MMP-3,IL-17 and IL-18 has a certain value in the judgment of disease activity,and prevention and treatment in the patients with RA.

Objective: To invest the status of symptom clusters in patients with cancer receiving FOLFOX6 chemotherapy during the course of chemotherapy. Methods: Total 100 patients with cancer receiving FOLFOX6 chemotherapy were investigated using MD. Anderson Symptom Inventory-Chinese (MDASI-C). Results: The top severity of symptoms were lack of appetite and nausea during chemotherapy; weary was the highest score during the intermission of chemotherapy. Exploratory factor analysis showed four main symptom clusters: gastrointestinal symptom clusters, physical symptom clusters, mental symptom clusters and subjective feeling clusters. There were no significant difference in the scores of subjective feeling clusters between chemotherapy and the first day after discharge (P>0.05), other symptom clusters also declined slowly; the symptom clusters began to ease significantly from the three day after discharge (P<0.05). Conclusion Patients with cancer suffer from multiple symptoms during FOLFOX6 chemotherapy and during the intermission of chemotherapy. The results are good for establishing early predictions of symptom clusters in intermission of chemotherapy.

Objective To analyze the incidence of endometriosis in inpatients with infertility in Peking Union Medical College Hospital in 30 years. Methods The inpatients of Peking Union Medical College Hospital admitted between May 1983 and November 2013 was searched. The infertile patients receiving laparoscopy or laparotomy were included. The discharge diagnosis and the operation were summarized. The incidence of gynecologic diseases were demonstrated, such as endometriosis, pelvic adhesions, uterine fibroid, hydrosalpinx, ovarian benign tumor, and adenomyosis. The age was collected, and the change of age and the incidence of endometriosis was analyzed. Results The incidence of endometriosis in infertile female inpatients was 35.50%(95%CI:34.50%-36.49%). The incidence showed relatively stable increasing tendency after 2004 (with P<0.01). The age had increased significantly since 1996 (with P<0.01);the average age was (29.76±3.74) years old in 1996, and (32.85±4.49) years old in 2013 (P<0.01). The inpatients diagnosed with endometriosis had greater age, (32.67 ± 4.06) versus (32.04 ± 4.55) years old (P<0.01);the incidence of endometriosis differed in different age group, the older group had higher incidence (χ2=85.807, P<0.01). Conclusions Infertile female inpatients showed increasing incidence of endometriosis in recent years. Older infertile patients maybe have higher risk of endometriosis.