〔Abstract〕 Taking some college and university libraries in China and the United States as investigation objects, based on internet and literature investigation methods, the paper compares the situation of embedded subject service in the US and China from the aspects of embedded in learning environment of students, embedded in teaching environment of teachers, embedded in scientific research environ-ment of users, etc.Then it points out the shortage and gives some suggestions for embedded subject service in Chinese college and univer-sity libraries.

Manned space environmental simulation technology is a very important branch of Space Medico-Engineering.After introducing the principles and methods of manned space environmental simulation technology,the current development of artificial atmosphere environment,space environment,dynamic environment,weightlessness environment and products of manned space environmental simulation technology were reviewed.

Objective To evaluate whether ?G-455A gene polymorphism increases the risk of coronary heart disease(CHD) due to elevated plasma fibrinogen.Methods A total of 1 485 patients who had received coronary angiography due to chest pain or suspected cardiac ischemia by non-invasive examination were included in the study.According to the angiographic results,all the patients were divided into the control group(n=466) and coronary heart disease group(n=1 019).Patients in the coronary heart disease group were further divided into stable angina pectoris group(SAP,n=674) and acute coronary syndrome group(ACS,n=345) according to their clinical presentation.We investigated G-455A polymorphism of ? fibrinogen gene and plasma fibrinogen level in all the patients.Results Increased plasma fibrinogen levels were observed in CHD groups compared with controls(ACS: 380.92?92.35 mg/dL,SAP: 352.49?94.89 mg/dL,control: 311.72?87.09 mg/dL,P

0.05).Conclusions Plasma fibrinogen level is affected by -148C/T polymorphism of ?-fibrinogen gene. High plasma fibrinogen level is a risk factor for ACI in Chinese young adults. With other risk factors and environmental factors, T allele increases plasma fibrinogen level and may be a heritable risk factor for ACI in Chinese young adults.

As one of the leucine-rich repeat protein family members, leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) affects many diseases by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway, and is closely associated with angiogenesis, endothelial cell apoptosis and autophagy, inflammatory reaction and blood-brain barrier damage after cerebral ischemia. It is expected to become a new marker and therapeutic target of ischemic stroke. However, at present, there are few studies on investigating the relationship between LRG1 and ischemic stroke, and the understanding of its molecular mechanism is not yet complete, resulting in controversy about the role of LRG1 in ischemic stroke. Therefore, this article reviews the research progress of LRG1-TGF-β signaling pathway and ischemic stroke, hoping to provide new ideas for the early diagnosis, prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke.

Carotid atherosclerosis is an important pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.Inflammation plays a crucial role in the artery atherosclerotic genesis and development as well as its caused complications.Human CXC chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16),as a novel chemokine,involves in the formation and development of atherosclerotic plaques.It may be associated with atherosclerotic stroke.

Objective To study the regional cerebral glucose utilization with 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET and to investigate the correlation between cerebral glucose metabolism and the clinical characteristic of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).Methods A total of 13 patients with PSP and 30 matched healthy controls were performed 18F-FDG PET imaging at rest state.Visual inspection and statistical parametric mapping (SPM) were used to investigate regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (rCMRglc).Results Based on the visual inspection,PET imaging in the PSP patients showed that the focal hypometabolic areas mainly included the bilateral frontal cortex,midbrain and subcortical structures.Compared to the controls,voxel-based analysis showed that the regional glucose metabolism decreased in bilateral superior,middle frontal gyrus,cingulate gyrus,midbrain and subcortical structures including basal ganglion and thalamus,which were consisted with the clinical characteristics,such as vertical gaze palsy,pseudobulbar palsy,postural instability,axial rigidity,dementia and so on.Conclusion 18 F-FDG PET imaging is helpful for the early diagnosis of PSP.

BACKGROUND: Neuron-specific enolase, γtype isoenzyme that is specially present in the cytoplasm of neurons and neuroendocrine cells, is considered as a sensitive predictor for neuronal damage.OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of serum neuron-specific enolase in patients with transient brain ischemic attack, so as to explore its relationship with the degree of neuronal damage.DESIGN: Case-control observation.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Jinan No. 4 People's Hospital.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 29 patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Neurology, Jinan No. 4 People's Hospital, due to transient brain ischemic attack (all called for emergent medical treatment within the onset of 6 hours) between March 2002 and May 2004 were enrolled in this study. There were 18 males and 11 females with the average age of(60.36t11.67) years. According to the duration of neural functional deficits, all subjects were divided into two groups, namely, transient-symptom group (≤ 6 hours) of 19 cases and lasting-symptom group (＞ 6 hours)of 10 cases. At the same time, 25 healthy controls, 15 males and 10 females with the average age of (62.34±9.65) years, rere selected from those who came for routine health examination.METHODS: Fasting elbow venous blood of 1 mL was collected only once from the subjects in control group; the same amount of blood was collected from the patients in transient ischemic attack group immediately after hospitalization, and at days 2, 3, 4 and 5. Roche Elecsys 2010 automatic analyzer was used to detect serum neuron-specific enolase. Neuronal damage was assessed with neurological deficit scale (defined as practical recovery if scores were reduced by 90%-100%; remarkable improvement if scores were reduced by 46%-89%; improvement if scores were reduced by 18%-45%; ineffective if scores were reduced by less than 17% or even the disease aggravated).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The daily changes of serum neuronspecific enolase.RESULTS: All the54 subjects remained in the final result analysis. [1]Comparison of neuron-specific enolase density: It was significantly higher in transient brain ischemic attack group than in control group [(23.53±12.35) vs(14.29±6.83) μg/L, t=2.678, P ＜ 0.01]. [2] Curve of neuron-specific enolase changes during the acute stage: It began to increase at the early stage,reached the peak level on the next day, and gradually declined to the normal level in 4-5 days. [3] The level of serum neuron-specific enolase in the two groups with various durations of neurological deficit symptoms: It was obviously higher in transient-symptom group than in control group [(19.24±8.95)vs (14.29±6.83) μg/L, t=1.893, P ＜ 0.05], and higher in lasting-symptom group than in control group [(28.87±13.15) vs (14.29±6.83) μg/L, t=4.367,P ＜ 0.001]. [4] The level of neuron-specific enolase was positively correlated with the duration of neuronal damage (r=0.815, P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Serum neuron-specific enolase increases within a short term after transient brain ischemic attack and reaches the peak level at around 24-36 hours, suggesting that the detection of serum neuron-specific enolase has a guiding value in assessing the severity of transient brain ischemic attack.

Objective To preliminarily study on the values of microembolic signal(MES)monitoring in the evaluation of anti-Platelet agent or anti-Platelet agent+statins in patients with acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease.Methods Among the patients with acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease in the cm'otid system who performed MES monitoring the MES-positive patients were ramaomly allocated into dual antiplatelet group(aspirin 100 mg/d+clopidogrel 75 mg/d)and dual antiplatelet + atorvastatin goup (aspirin 100 mg/d + clopidogrel 75 mg/d +atorvastatin 20 me4d).MEss were monitored by transcranial Doppler ultrasound.Results Among the 60 patients with acute cerebrovascular disease in the carotid system,13(21.7%)were MES positive.in which,6 and 7 were randomly divided into dual antiplatelet group and dual antiplatelet + atorvastatin group respectively.There were no significant differences in the constituent ratios of sex hypertmsion,diabetes,coronary heart disease,smoking,alcohol consumption,and history of previous stroke as well as the age,time from onset to microembolic monitoring,and time from onset to drug intervention between the 2 groups.There were no significant differences in the numbers of microemboli(8.83±1.17/h vs.9.00±1.83/h)before treatment between the dual alltiplatelet group and dual antiplatdet + atorvastatin group (P=0.851);2 and 7 days after treatment,the numbers of micromixfli were 4.17±1.47 and 2.17±0.75/h respevtively in the dutral antiplatelet group,and they were significantly higher than 1.43±0.976 and 0.71±0.488/h)respevtively in the dual antiplatelet + atorvastatin group (P=0.002 and P=0.003).They were followed up for 8 days;and there were 110 ischemic events in both groups.Conclusions The dual antiplatelet agents or those in combination with statins might reduce the number of MES,but when they were used in combination with statins,the number Of MES reduced more significant.However.because there are only a few patients in the study,this conclusion still needs to be further validatod in a large-scale multicenter randomized controlled trial.The MES monitoring has a certain value in the evaluation of anti-platelet drugs or those in combination with statins

Objective To explore the change of multiple electrocardiogram(ECG) parameters and their impact on P-R interval in pregnant women.Methods Healthy women aged 20-40 years were enrolled and divided into 4 groups:control group (n =194),early-pregnant group (n =172),mediate-stage group (n =105)and late-phase group(111).The following data were collected for analysis:heart rate (HR),axis,rotation,P-R interval(on lead V3),and p wave duration(on lead Ⅱ).Between-group analysis and multiple liner regression analysis were conducted.Results Compared with the control group,we found no significant difference in the early-pregnant group,but HR significantly increased in the mediate-stage group and late-phase group((77.76 ± 14.75) beat/min vs.(78.12 ± 11.24) beat/min vs.(84.21 ± 11.91) beat/min vs.(88.15 ± 15.05) beat/min,P ＜ 0.05).BP increased with the duration of pregnancy.Axis and P wave duration decreased with the duration of pregnancy.We found no significant difference in the early-pregnant group,but significantly decreased axis and P wave duration in the mediate-stage group and late-phase group (axis:(61.11 ± 225.84) ° vs.(56.97 ±25.17)° vs.(50.11 ±21.78)° vs.(41.72 ±28.36)°,P ＜0.05;P wave duration:(0.100 ±0.015)s vs.(0.099 ± 0.012) s vs.(0.095 ± 0.013) s vs.(0.093 ± 0.013) s,P ＜ 0.05).P-R interval was significantly shorter in women at all the three stages of pregnancy than in the healthy controls ((0.145 ± 0.021)) svs.(0.138±0.019) s vs.(0.133 ±0.020) s vs.(0.131 ±0.019) s,P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference found in heart rotation proportion among the four groups.Multiple liner regression analysis indicated that only pregnancy factors (t =-4.607,P =0.000) and p wave duration (t =9.339,P =0.000) had significant influences on P-R interval.Conclusion P-R interval is negatively correlated to pregnancy stage and positively correlated to p wave duration,but irrelevant to HR and axis in pregnant women.