Objective To investigate the correlation between family environment,cognitive disposition,self-esteem and adolescent social phobia.Methods 110 adolescents with social phobia and 142 healthy control subjects were selected.They were surveyed by Family Environment Scale of Chinese version (FES-CV),cognitive appraisal orientation test (CAOT),and Self-Esteem Scale (SES).Moreover,the adolescents with social phobia were administered with Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SAD).Results When compared with the controls,the score of adolescent social phobia group showed significantly lower score in total and optimistic factor of CAOT,cohesion,expressiveness,achievement,activerecreational orientation,organization and self-esteem; but higher in conflict factor.The analysis of the results showed that SAD was significantly and negatively correlated with the score of total and optimistic factor of CAOT,cohesion,expressiveness and SES,while was significantly and positively correlated with the score of conflict factor.The seriousness of the condition was significantly negatively related to the score of optimistic factor,cohesion,expressiveness and SES,while the onset age was significantly positively related to them.The clinical course was significantly negatively related to the cohesion,expressiveness and self-esteem,while was significantly positively related to the score of conflict.Conclusions Negative cognitive disposition,lower cohesion,less expressiveness,higher conflict and lower self-esteem are the major factors that could affect the onset of adolescent social phobia.The more negative the cognitive disposition is,the lower the cohesion,the expressiveness and the self-esteem are,the earlier the onset age and the more serious the illness is.The longer clinical course is in ration to lower cohesion,less expressiveness,higher conflict and lower self-esteem.

Objective To study the relationship between QT interval and the compements of antipsychotic-induced metabolic syndrome in schizophrenic patients. Methods Totally 460 schizophrenic patients(240 men and 220 women)aged 19～60 from the study cohort of the schizophrenic patients in treatment with antipsychotant were recruited in the study for epidemiologic examinations,involving anthropometry and measurements of blood pressure,fasting ang 2hr plasma levels of glucose and insulin and serum levels of lipid.A standard 12-lead ECG was recorded and the corrected QT (QTc)was calculated accordingly by Bazett formula.HOMA-IR index was calculated for estimating individual insulin resistance.Metabolic syndrome(MS)was diagnosed according to the definition issued by the International Diabetes Federation(IDF)in 2005.Results The prolonged QT interval was found in 124 of the 460 cases(27.0%),and the rates of prolonged QT interval being 21.7% and 32.7% in men and women respectively (χ2=7.13,P<0.01).The prevalences of MS,IR,central obesity,IFG,higher serum level of triglyceride(TG)and lower serum level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) were 39.3%,38.7%,35.4%,34.1%,31.3%,29.8% and 27.0% in schizophrenic patients population respectively.The prolonged QT interval was significantly associated with MS,IR,IFG,higher serum level of triglyceride(TG)and central obesity respectively(χ2=4.95～13.63,P<0.05).Conclusion The prolonged QT interval was significantly correlated with antipsychotic-induced metabolic syndrome(MS) and components of abnormal metabolism.

To summarize the progress of researches of activated components in Chinese herbal medicine and compound preparations that resist human immunodeficiency virus in recent years.Very vast foreground of Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of AIDS hal been elucidated.

Objective This paper aims to use components as the key factors to explore the feasibility of evaluation method about the learning effect of Web-based PBL.Methods We distributed a questionnaire to 101 students of clinical class of 2007 and 2008 grade in Guangzhou Medical University,and electronically distributed after 2 weeks.Cranach's α coefficient WaS used to evaluate intrinsic consistency reliability of the questionnaire.We applied principal axis factoring to extract components and to explain components which were orthogonally rotated by varimax.Multi-factor regression model Was simulated with key factors and the model's performance of fitting WaS tested.Results Multi-factor regression mode(WPBLSUM)=0.545 Collective collaboration capabilities+0.202 Self-learning and quest skills+0.137 linical reasoning and problem-solving capabilities+0.116 memorizing and understanding of medical knowledge.The coefficient of determination R2Was 0.998 and the corrected coefficient of determination R2Was 0.998.indicating that the model's fit results are obvious.Conclusion This paper demonstrates that using components as the key factors to simulate and assessing the Web-based PBL learning effect is feasible,which assesses the Web-based PBL learning effect well from four different aspects.

BACKGROUND: The survival rate of articular chondrocytes is low after traditional cryopreservation,and great differences existed in chondrocytes from surface layer and deep layer,which easily result in graft degeneration and lead to surgery failure.OBJECTIVE: To establish rabbit allograft models of graded frozen articular cartilages with holes made before cryopreservation and to observe the effect of holed cryopreservation on the rabbit articular cartilages.METHODS: Osteochondral plugs taken aseptically from 2 months old rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: the experimental group,making holes(3 mm× 3 mm)in articular cartilages and graded freezing; non-hole graded freezing group,non-making holes and graded freezing; cryopreservation group: non-making holes and rapid freezing.The grafts were thawed and transplanted into the relevant articular cartilage defects of recipient rabbits.The grafts differences were observed by gross observation,histochemistry and immunohistochemistry staining.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The gross observation,histochemistry and immunohistochemistry staining of the experimental group were superior to the cryopreservation group.Though there were no significant differences between the non-hole graded freezing group and the experimental group,however,the experimental group enhanced the protective effect on cartilage tissue in the middle layer.The graded cryopreservation of articular cartilage gets an advantage over rapid cryopreservation.And the articular cartilage with holes could be preserved successfully in graded cryopreservation,which assures the survival and function of chondrocytes and slows down degrading process of the articular cartilage tissue after thawed and transplanted.

Objective: To explore the position change of the setup reference markers on the sternum due to the change of hands grip position. Methods: Six hands grip positions were simulated for 8 patients and the set-up reference points marked on the sternum skin were compared while the hands grasped different positions of the hands. Results: The setup markers on the sternum were deviated by all five hands grip positions. The maximum deviated distance was 14mm. Conclusion: The change of the hands grip position can affect the position of setup reference markers on the sternum of the patients and thus the isocenter of plan may be aligned to the wrong area.

Objective To investigate the effect of intrathecal gastrodin on skin cancer pain in mice.Methods Thirty-two female Balb/c mice,aged 8 weeks,weighing 20-25 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=8 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S),skin cancer pain group (group SCP),gastrodin group (group G),and artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) control group (group ASCF).Skin cancer pain was produced by injecting phosphate buffer solution 20 μl containing about 2 ×105 4T1 breast cancer cells into the plantar surface of the left hindpaw.At 14th day after inoculation of cancer cells,ASCF 5 μl was injected intrathecally in S and ACSF groups,and gastrodin 150 μg/kg (5 μl) was injected intrathecally in group G.Before inoculation,at 30 min before intrathecal injection,and at 15,30,60,90,120 and 150 min after intrathecal injection,the thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) was measured.The expression of acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC)-3 mRNA in the spinal dorsal horn was detected using the real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction after the last measurement of the pain threshold.Results Compared with group S,the TWL was significantly decreased at each time point before and after intrathecal injection in SCP,ACSF and G groups,and the expression of ASIC-3 mRNA in the spinal dorsal horn was significantly down-regulated in group G (P＜0.05).Compared with group SCP,the TWL was significantly increased at each time point after intrathecal injection,and the expression of ASIC-3 mRNA in the spinal dorsal horn was significantly down-regulated in group G (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group ACSF (P＞0.05).Conclusion Intrathecal gastrodin can reduce skin cancer pain and down-regulate ASIC-3 expression in the spinal dorsal horn which is helpful in maintaining the analgesic effect in mice.

Objectives To investigate the effects of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) on the expression ot microRNA-191 (miR-191) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP-3) in human normal hepatic cells (L-02 cells).Methods L-02 cells were exposed to different doses of NaAsO2 [0 (control group),5,25,50 and 75 μmol/L]for 24 h,or treated with 5 and 25 μmol/L NaAs02 for 0 (control group),12,24 and 48 h.The miR-191 inhibitor was used to suppress the expression of miR-191.qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expression level of miR-191 and TIMP-3 mRNA,and the protein level of TIMP-3 was analyzed by Western blotting.Results Dose-effect study:There were significant differences in the expressions of miR-191,TIMP-3 mRNA and protein between the 5 groups (F =85.674,20.952,123.393,all P ＜ 0.05).The expressions of miR-191 in all groups (1.702 ± 0.124,2.077 ±0.234,2.145 ± 0.105,2.003 ± 0.077) were higher than that of control group (0.990 ± 0.035,all P ＜ 0.05);the mRNA expressions of TIMP-3 in 25,50,75 μmol/L groups (0.848 ± 0.067,0.804 ± 0.081,0.813 ± 0.076) were all lower than that of control group (0.996 ± 0.007,all P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference in the mRNA expression of TIMP-3 between the 5 μmol/L group and control group (0.939 ± 0.133 vs 0.996 ± 0.007,P＞ 0.05),and the protein expressions of TIMP-3 in all groups (0.846 ± 0.093,0.611 ± 0.123,0.554 ± 0.098,0.529 ± 0.067) were lower than that of control group (1.006 ± 0.003,all P ＜ 0.05).Time-effect study:there were significant differences in the expressions of miR-191,TIMP-3 mRNA and protein between the exposure groups of 5 and 25 μmol/L (For 5 μmol/L:F =86.355,16.404,22.898,all P ＜ 0.05;For 25 μmol/L:F =104.321,20.123,52.321,all P ＜ 0.05).The expressions of miR-191 in all exposure groups of 5 and 25 μmol/L (1.392 ± 0.152,1.691 ± 0.167,2.018 ± 0.130 and 1.456 ± 0.167,1.946 ± 0.178,2.259 ± 0.256) were higher than those of control groups (1.001 ± 0.014,1.008 ±0.027,all P ＜ 0.05);the mRNA expressions of TIMP-3 in 48 h exposure group of 5 μmol/L and all exposure groups of 25 μmol/L (0.824 ± 0.093 and 0.897 ± 0.033,0.815 ± 0.089,0.709 ± 0.103) were lower than those of control groups (1.004 ± 0.018,0.997 ± 0.057,all P ＜ 0.05),but there were no significant differences in the mRNA expressions of TIMP-3 between the 12,24 h exposure groups of 5 μmol/L and control group (0.952 ± 0.072,0.929 ± 0.121 vs1.004 ± 0.018,all P ＞ 0.05);the protein expressions of TIMP-3 in all exposure groups of 5 and 25 μmol/L (0.857 ±0.068,0.832 ± 0.106,0.691 ± 0.112 and 0.785 ± 0.097,0.620 ± 0.066,0.453 ± 0.075) were lower than those of control groups (1.006 ± 0.045,1.004 ± 0.078,all P ＜ 0.05).The treatment of miR-191 inhibitor:there were significant differences in the expressions of miR-191 and TIMP-3 protein between different groups (F =104.306,67.015,all P ＜ 0.05).The elevated expression level of miR-191 induced by NaAsO2 was significantly suppressed after transfected with miR-191 inhibitor (0.314 ± 0.094 vs 2.051 ± 0.371,P ＜ 0.05),which in turn up-regulated the protein expression of TIMP-3 (1.965 ± 0.277 vs 0.541 ± 0.183,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The expression level of miR-191 is elevated in response to NaAsO2 exposure,and miR-191 has subsequently suppressed the expression of TIMP-3,a potential target of miR-191.

Objective To discuss the effect of DNA extraction of bloodstain on the filter paper with four methods of solid phase absorption.Methods 180 bloodstain samples on the iflter paper, each one contains 1 microlitre anticoagulation peripheral venous blood, divided into 4 groups with 45 samples, respectively. All samples were treated with four methods of solid phase absorption, i.e. DNA IQ? System, D-shield sensitive DNA Extraction Kit, High efficiency Silica Bead DNA Extraction Kit and Conventional silica bead method. The concentration of DNA and the results of STR typing of four groups were compared each other.Results The concentration of DNA was 3.764±1.790μg/mL and 3.634±1.112μg/mL by using D-shield sensitive DNA Extraction Kit and High efifciency Silica Bead DNA Extraction Kit, respectively. However, the concentration of DNA by using Conventional silica bead method group (3.350±1.250) was not signiifcantly different from each other (P<0.05), while the concentration of DNA extracted with above three methods were higher than by using DNA IQ? System (1.864±1.207)(P<0.001); Signiifcant differences of peak height existed between DNA IQ? System and other three methods (P<0.001); As the same time, the peak height of samples by using High efficiency Silica Bead DNA Extraction Kit and Conventional silica bead method were signiifcantly different from D-shield sensitive DNA Extraction Kit (P<0.01).Conclusions The DNA extracted in bloodstain on the iflter paper by using D-shield sensitive DNA Extraction Kit, High efifciency Silica Bead DNA Extraction Kit and Conventional silica bead method was more than DNA IQ? System. Meanwhile, the quality of DNA using High efifciency Silica Bead DNA Extraction Kit and Conventional silica bead method may be higher.

AIM To study the effect of rutoside (Ru) on blood rheology in murine acute pancreatitis (AP). METHODS Blood rheology, enzymatic levels and pathology of the pancreas were evaluated in all Wistar rats. The pancreatic sections were scored and compared. RESULTS In AP group, the whole blood viscosity, the plasma viscosity, the eryrocyte sedimentation, the hematocrit, the agglutinatin index of red blood cell, and the rigidity index were significantly elevated. The pancreatitis injury was described as evident pancreatic acinar necrosis and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Ru 120, 60, 30 mg?kg -1 (sc) ameliorated the abovementioned adverse pathophysiological changes seen in the control group. CONCLUSION During the course of AP, rutoside ameliorated the blood rheology abnormality and showed a protective effect on pancreatic tissue.