About 40 % of testicular germ-cell tumours are seminomas, and most of them are clinical stage Ⅰ . For a long time, the standard treatment approach for stage Ⅰ testicular seminoma has been radical inguinal orchiectomy followed by radiotherapy to the para-aortic and ipsilateral pelvic lymph nodes. In recent years, many oncologists indicate that the effect of the adjuvant postoperative para-ortic lymph nodal irradiation and chemotherapy using carboplatin is equivalent to para-aortic and ipsilateral pelvic irradiation post orchiectomy for patients with Stage Ⅰ seminoma of the testis, and the side effects is obviously declined, but the long-term side effects are still indefinite. This review presents the treatment development of the stage Ⅰ testicular seminoma after radical inguinal orchiectomy.

Objective To study the clinical features of cryptococcosis. Method The clinical manifestations of 101 patients with cryptococcosis were comprehensively analyzed using clinical statistical method. Results Among the 101 patients, 68 were male and 33 were female, 94.1% cases were chronic or sub chronic in onset. Headache and fever were the most common symptoms, over 85.0% patients got headache and(or) fever, vomiting (71.3%) was the second common, and the confusion, convulsion, seizure, visual and hearing damage are also relatively common. Nearly 70.0% patients had intracranial hypertention. Among the 58 patients who received brain CT scaning, 40 showed abnormal changes. All of 8 patients who received brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) showed abnormal changes. And 97 cases were positive in cerebrospinal fluid ink stain, 2 cases were negative in ink stain but positive in cerebrospinal fluid culture, and 2 were diagnosed after brain biopsy or brain surgery. Most cases had been falsely diagnosed as many other diseases. Conclusions Most patients with cryptococcosis should be chronic or sub chronic in onset, and their clinical features, cerebrospinal fluid routine and biochemical test, or CT and MRI are lack of specificity. The finding of Cryptococcus in cerebrospinal fluid culture and brain biopsy should be the golden standard of diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the CYP2E1 enzymes and alcoholic liver disease.Methods Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)method was used to determine polymorphism of CYP2E1.A case control study of 183 subjects was carried out including 40 cases of alcoholic liver disease,40 alcohol dependent group,40 nonalcoholic liver disease and 63 controls.Results The frequency of B genotype or C2 allele gene was significantly higher in alcoholic liver disease than in control(P

Objective To investigate the effect of diagnostic ultrasound on cochlear hair cells in fetal guinea pigs. Methods Diagnostic ultrasound was used to irradiate the uteri of early pregnant guinea pigs(the first 15 days of gestion) and late pregnant guinea pigs(the 40th to 45th days of gestion) for 5 minutes daily. The number of cochlear hair cells in fetal guinea pigs was calculated using succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) staining, and computer image analysis system. The morphological change of cochlear hair cells was observed with scanning electron microscope(SEM). Results Compared with non-exposed control group, the number of total hair cells obviously decreased in the two exposed groups (P

ObjectiveTo investigate the related functional orientation of the visual cognition antijamming ability in brain.MethodsThe number of recognizing errors of reaction to visual stimulations in 8 patients with brain lesions in conjunctions of occipital and parietal lobes was tested by three different kinds of noises from visual materials as stimulations, and error numbers as index, and result was compared with that of 10 normal persons.ResultsThe number of recognizing errors in the patients was higher than that in normal person ( P<0.01), and the signal-to-noise (SNR) lower, the number of recognizing errors was higher in the patients ( P<0.01).ConclusionThe conjunction of occipital and parietal lobes maybe play an important role in the visual cognition antijamming ability.

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT)gene polymorphism and Gilles de la Tourette' s syndrome(GTS).MethodsUsing Amplification Refractory Mutation System(ARMS) PCR genotyping assay method,a polymorphism (val158met) of COMT gene was genotyped in 112 of all GTS patients ( total GTS group) including 54 GTS-alone patients group,48 GTS + ADHD patients group among of them and 71 healthy controls.The correlation between positive association of polymorphism (val158met)of COMT gene in GTS and the age of onset in patients with GTS was also analyzed.ResultsCompared with healthy controls group,genotype of val158met did not differ in total GTS patients group or alone-GTS patients group (χ2 =0.56,P=0.756;χ2 =1.05,P=0.600 respectively).There was also no significant difference (P＞0.05)in allele distribution of val158met in total GTS patients group or alone-GTS patients group compared with controls group respectively (χ2 =0.18,P=0.669;χ2 =0.29,P=0.593 respectively).However,genotype distribution of val158met was significantly different between GTS + ADHD patients group and controls group( χ2 =6.35,P =0.041 ).The frequency of the val allele of this locus was significantly higher in GTS + ADHD patients group than those in controls group ( χ2 =5.49,P =0.019 ).The mean age of onset (6.80 ± 1.54 ) in 36 children within GTS + ADHD patients group with the val/val geantype of COMT gene val158met polymorphism was significantly earlier than the mean age of onset (8.04 ± 1.54)in 12 children in val/val genotype (P =0.016 ).ConclusionPolymorphism (val158met) of COMT gene may be associated with GTS children with comorbid ADHD,which may play an important role to make the age of onset in children with GTS become earlier.

Objective To investigate the relationship between microalbuminuria (MAU) and the risk factor for acute ischemic stroke,the severity of the disease and outcomes.Methods A total of 156 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled prospectively.They were randomly divided into either an MAU positive group (≥ 30 mg/g) or an MAU negative group (＜ 30 mg/g) according to urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR).They were also randomly divided into either a good outcome group (0-2) or a poor outcome group (＞2) according to the modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores.The various demographic and clinical data were compared,and the poor outcome of acute ischemic stroke and the independent factors of positive MAU were analyzes.Results A total of 156 patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled,including 84 males and 72 female; aged 53 to 78 years (mean 65.4 ± 6.2); the time from onset to admission was 1.5 to 28 h; 94 patients had good outcomes,62 had poor outcomes,and no one died; MAU was positive in 76 patients and MAU was negative in 80 ones.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age (odds ratio [OR] 1.992,95％ confidence interval [CI] 1.108-2.374; P =0.015),complicated with diabetes (OR 2.497,95％ CI 1.177-5.298; P =0.017) and atrial fibrilhtion (OR 2.338,95％ CI 1.062-5.148; P =0.035),high serum homocysteine (Hcy) level (OR 2.541,95％ CI 1.073-6.02; P =0.047) and UACR (OR 2.130,95％ CI 1.396-3.017; P =0.001),MAU positive (OR 3.291,95％ CI 1.681-6.444; P =0.001),high baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score (OR 9.196,95％ CI 2.828-19.815; P＜ 0.001) were the independent risk factors for poor outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke.There were significant differences in the proportion of the patients complicated with diabetes (P =0.038) and fasting blood glucose level (P =0.025),serum Hey level (P =0.022),and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) (P =0.019) between the MAU positive group and the MAU negative group.The proportion of anterior circulation infarction was lower (P =0.033),the rates of the baseline NIHSS score (P =0.003) and poor outcome were higher in the MAU positive group (P ＜ 0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that increased diabetes (OR 2.237,95％ CI 1.036-4.829; P =0.040) and fasting blood glucose (OR 1.223,95％ CI 1.145-1.673; P =0.027),the increased Hey level (OR 2.542,95％ CI 1.047-6.612; P=0.025),carotid artery IMT (OR 1.295,95％ CI 1.106-1.362; P =0.023) and baseline NIHSS score (OR1.206,95％ CI 1.044-1.219; P =0.023) were correlated independently with the positive MAU in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Conclusions Positive MAU is one of the independent risk factors for poor outcomes of acute ischemic stroke,it is closely associated with some risk factors for acute ischemic stroke,and it has a significant impact on the severity of acute ischemic stroke and outcomes.

Object Isolation and structural identification of xanthone derivative from medicinal plant Swertia mileensis T N Ho et W L Shih were carried out Methods The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by extensive silica gel column chromatography and their structures were elucidated by chemical evidences and spectral analysis Results There were 12 xanthone analogues named 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 4, 5 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅰ); 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 7 trimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅱ); 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 5, 7 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅲ); 1, 5 dihydroxy 2, 3 dimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅳ); 1, 5 dihydroxy 2, 3, 7 trimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅴ); 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 5 trimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅵ); 1, 5 dihydroxy 2, 3, 4, 7 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅶ); 1, 8 dihydroxy 2, 3, 6 trimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅷ); 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 4, 7 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅸ); 1, 2, 3, 5 tetromethoxyxanthone, (Ⅹ); 1 hydroxyl 2, 3, 4, 6 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅺ); 1 hydroxyl 2, 3, 6, 8 tetramethoxyxanthone, ( ⅩⅡ ) Conclusion Compounds Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ, Ⅶ ⅩⅡ were first isolated from S. mileensis

With the implementation of the strategies for the development of our country through science and education and talents, and of the"211 and 985 projects", there has been a more substantial increase in the scientific and technological strength and international competitiveness of research universities, reflected in the year-by-year increase in the number and total funding of research projects taken up by universities, and in the output results. All the achievements rely on the increasing investment of the government in the fields of science and technology and on hard-working scholars and students who devote themselves to scientific research, as well as the prospective planning and scientific decision making of leaders, and the concerted efforts, standard management and guiding service of the administrative departments. In the present paper the important role of the president's office of a university in ensuring that research work can be running smoothly is explored through analysis on the assistant role of the president's office of Peking University Health Science Center, and its practice in the provision of service-oriented management and promotion of the innovation and development of scientific research by close cooperation with the research management department and integrated coordination of all the individual administrative departments.

Mucin as an important member in gastrointestinal mucus layer has become the focus of research. Many studies suggested that MUC1 mucin is involved in the mechanism of Helicobacter pylori( Hp)infection. It is important to understand the relationship between MUC1 mucin and Hp for preventing Hp infection and gastric cancer. This article reviewed the relationship between MUC1 mucin and Hp.