Objective To investigate the change of SSeCKS in sciatic nerve after the transection of rat sciatic nerve and its significance. Methods The sciatic nerve transection model of Sprague-Dawley rat was made.We tested the change of SSeCKS by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results It showed from Western blotting that after injury,SSeCKS in the proximal lesion site increased gradually and reached its peak at 2d,then it began to decrease,while in the distal lesion site,SSeCKS peaked at 12h and then declined.Immunohistochemistry showed SSeCKS mainly located in break site,in a cluster expression pattern,while in the uninjury region,the level of SSeCKS was significantly lower and the distribution was uniform.The result of double immunofluorescent staining showed that SSeCKS partly colocalized with S100,NF200 and GAP43.Conclusion The transection of rat sciatic nerve can cause the change of SSeCKS and it might be involved in transduction of some harm stimulate signal moleculars after the injury.It may be also related with the nerve regeneration and function repair.

BACKGROUND: Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) has an important role in tendon healing and adhesion formation.Inhibiting TGF-β and its receptor expression may prevent adhesions after tendon open.OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of mannose-6-phosphate, a natural inhibitor of TGF-β, on TGF-β and its receptor production in tendon sheath fibroblasts, epitenon tenocytes, and endotenon tenocytes of rabbit flexor toes.METHODS: Tendon sheath fibroblasts, epitenon tenocytes, and endotenon tenocytes were isolated from rabbit flexor tendon and cultured separately. All these cells were divided into 2 groups at random, experiment group supplemented with mannose-6-phosphate and control group without mannose-6-phosphate. The expression of TGF-β and TGF-β receptor was quantified with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of TGF-β1 was also assessed with in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression of TGF-β and TGF-β receptor in experiment group was significantly lower than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05). In experimental group, the positive expression of TGF-β1 mRNA and the expression level of intracellular TGF-β1 mRNA in all tendon cells demonstrated significantly lower than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Immunohistochemical staining showed expression of TGF-β1 were significantly lower in all three types of tendon cell cultured with mannose-6-phosphate.

Objective To study the similarities and differences of personality in patients with body-dysmorphic disorder(BDD),obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD) and ordinary person.As well as to provide information for clinical therapy. Methods All BDD patients( n =29),OCD controls( n =30) and normal controls( n =30) completed Self Rating Scale of Body Image (SRSBI) and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). Results Ten clinical scales score of MMPI in BDD were found significant higher than normal controls which including hypochondriasis,depression,hysteria, psychopathic deviate, masculinity-femininity, paranoia,psychasthenia,schizophrenia,and social introversion.Four clinical scales[(68.18±8.70),(65.44±8.73),(61.39±9.37),(60.70±12.88)] were significant higher than OCD controls[(61.09±13.29),(58.82±10.26 ),(56.23±9.58),(50.03±12.63)] which including psychopathic deviate,psychasthenia,schiaophrenia and social introversion( P ＜0.05). But hysteria scale was significant lower than OCD controls( P ＜0.01). Conclusion BDD patients have abnormal personality which is more significant than OCD patients. Significant abnormal personality are likely the psychopathology of BDD from which the clinic symptom produced.

Objective To investigate the effect of 5-Aza-CdR on experimental lung metastasis of breast cancer and the possible mechanisms.Methods MDA-MB-231 cells were divided into control group and 5-Aza-CdR-treated group.The mRNA expressions and promotor methylation status of BRMS1 and CXCR4 of the MDA-MB-231 cells were evaluated by SqRT-PCR and MSP respectively.Then,the MDA-MB-231 cells of control group and 5-Aza-CdR-treated group were injected into BALB/c nude mice through lateral tail veins,respectively.five weeks later,the mRNA abundance of the target gene HPRT and internal control gene GAPDH of the lung tissues from the mice were evaluated by FqRT-PCR.Results 5-Aza-CdR upgraded the BRMS1mRNA expression significantly than that in control group(0 versus 0.39?0.001,P0.05) and the status of unmethylated CXCR4 CpG island 1 in promotor were not changed significantly.The Ct values of HPRT and GAPDH in control and 5-Aza-CdR-treated groups were 24.75?1.55,16.19?0.69 versus 27.61?1.67,17.48?0.96 respectively,2-??Ct=0.34.The mRNA abundance of the HPRT was lower and there were fewer metastases in the lungs of 5-Aza-CdR-treated group compared with control group.Conclusions 5-Aza-CdR can activate tumor metastasis suppressor gene BRMS1 by demethylation mechanism,and thus,decreased the ability of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells for experimental metastasis to lungs.

Objective To investigate the effects of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) on Src-suppressed C Kinase Substrate(SSeCKS) in cultured astrocytes. Methods Purified astrocytes were randomly divided into three groups:control group,singly stressed and multiple stressed groups.The expression of SSeCKS was detected by Real time RT-PCR and Western blotting,while immunocytochemistry was used to investigate the subcellular localization of it. Results Real time RT-PCR indicated that,after 12 hours incubation,both 100 ?g/L and 1mg/L LPS were able to elevate the levels of SSeCKS mRNA compared with control group,while 1mg/L LPS did not have a stronger effect than 100 ?g/L.Western blotting analysis showed 100 ?g/L LPS significantly increased the expression of SSeCKS.In time response experiments,the levels of SSeCKS expression enhanced three hours after the stimulation,peaked at the sixth hour,coincident with its rapid phosphorylation,and remained high until the 24th hour.Immunocytochemistry suggested a perinuclear translocation of SSeCKS,while the PKC inhibitor RO-31-8220 blocked it.Conclusion In cultured astrocytes,LPS can enhance the expression of SSeCKS,increase its phosphorylation level and change its subcellular localization.These effects are correlated with the PKC pathway,which indicates SSeCKS might participate in the signal transduction of inflammation in cultured astrocytes.

Objective To evaluate the surgical outcome of cystic vestibular schwannoma patients with fluid-level imaging by MRI.Methods Forty-five patients of cystic vestibular schwannoma were enrolled and divided into fluid-level (n =24) group and non-fluid-level (n =21) group by MRI.The incidence of peritumoral adhesion,incidence of complete tumor removal and postoperative facial nerve function of the two groups were recorded.Results The incidence of peritumoral adhesion in fluid-level and non-fluid-level group were 70.8％ (17/24) and 28.6％ (6/21),and the difference was significant (x2 =8.010,P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of complete tumor removal were 45.8％ (11/24) and 76.2％ (16/21) in fluid-level and non-fluid-level group,which showed significant differences between groups (x2 =4.30 ; P ＜ 0.05).Patients of House-Brackmann grade Ⅰ-Ⅲ in fluid-level group at discharge and one year after operation,were 62.5％ (15/24) and 50.0％ (8/16),and 81.0％ (17/21) and 83.3％ (15/18) in non-fluid-level group.The was significant difference at one year after operation (P ＜ 0.05) in terms of patients of House-Brackmann grade Ⅰ-Ⅲ.Conclusion The cystic vestibular schwannoma patients with fluid level have more frequency to adhere to surrounding neurovascular structures and less favorable surgical outcome.These findings may be useful in predicting surgical outcome and making surgical strategy preoperatively.

Objective　To study the relationship between the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and invasion, metastasis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHCC). Methods　Paraffin-embedded specimens from 30 patients with PHCC undergoing radical resection were studied. Agiogenesis was assessed by the expression of VEGF and microvascular density (MVD) using LSAB immunohistochemical staining. Results　(1) The level of VEGF and MVD in　 PHCC was higher than that in the paratumorous tissue (P<0.05). (2) The level of VEGF expression and MVD in PHCC with tumor metastasis or in nonencapsulated tumors were higher than that in PHCC without metastasis or in well encapsulated tumors (P<0.05). 　(3) There was no significant differance in the expression of VEGF and MVD between large PHCC (diameter >5cm) and small ones (diameter ≤5cm). (4) The expression of VEGF was positively correlated with MVD (P<0.01).　　Conclusions　The expression of VEGF and MVD are highly correlated with invasion and metastasis in PHCC, may serve as a parameter for determining tumor metastasis and prognosis which may suggest a new idea to supervise and treat PHCC.

Objective To study the relationship between the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and invasion, metastasis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHCC). Methods Paraffin-embedded specimens from 30 patients with PHCC undergoing radical resection were studied. Agiogenesis was assessed by the expression of VEGF and microvascular density (MVD) using LSAB immunohistochemical staining. Results (1) The level of VEGF and MVD in PHCC was higher than that in the paratumorous tissue (P5*!cm) and small ones (diameter ≤5*!cm). (4) The expression of VEGF was positively correlated with MVD (P

Objective To explore the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced iNOS expression and NO production in rat Schwann cells by the use of inhibitors PD98059 selective for extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(EPK1/2), SB202190 for P38 MAPK and SP600125 for the c-Jun NH_2-terminal kinase (JNK). Methods Schwann cells were pretreated with PD98059 (30, 50, 70?mol/L), SB202190 (10, 20, 40?mol/L) and SP600125 (10, 30, 50?mol/L) at the indicated concentrations for 1 hour before the stimulation with LPS (10mg/L) for 4 hour. The estimation of iNOS mRNA, IL-6 mRNA and TNF-? mRNA was performed by RT-PCR; the changes of iNOS protein expression were investigated by Western blotting. The NO level was observed with measurement of nitrite in the cell culture medium. Results LPS could significantly activate MAPK signal pathway and lead to the expression of iNOS and NO production. The iNOS expression and NO production induced by LPS stimulation were significantly inhibited by the three highly specific inhibitors of MAPK. In addition, the inhibitors decreased LPS-induced the expression of IL-6 mRNA and TNF-? mRNA. Conclusion Activation of MAPK pathway is involved in iNOS expression and NO production in rat Schwann cells, and the inhibition of the signal transduction pathway can be effective to reduce the production of iNOS and NO, which may be a useful strategy against inflammatory and immune reaction after peripheral nerve injury.

Objective To observe CNTF gene expression and expressive variety during postnatal development in rat spinal cord. Methods The spatial expression of CNTF mRNA in spinal cord was examined by in situ hybridization with dig\|CNTF cDNA probe.Reverse transcription\|polymerse chain reaction(RT\|PCR),as hemi\|quantitative method was used to investigate the expressive variety of CNTF mRNA levels in spinal cord during postnatal development. Results Hybridized signals of CNTF mRNA was found only in part of glial cells on the peripheral region of the ventral and lateral white funiculi of spinal cord,but could not be detected in the gray matter of spinal cord.The expression of CNTF mRNA in spinal cord appeared with a lower level on the first postnatal day.It increased significantly at postnatal 15th days,the expression of CNTF mRNA reached the peak at 30th days,and it began to decrease on the 60th days. Conclusion This study indicated that CNTF mRNA might be expressed in part of glial cells in the white matter.There was expression in spinal cord on the 1st day after birth and the expression levels of CNTF mRNA possessed the changeable character during spinal cord development.