Objective To investigate the dermoscopic and confocal microscopic features of Riehl's melanosis,as well as their association with histopathological findings.Methods Ten patients with a previously established diagnosis of Riehl's melanosis were recruited.The lesions of the patients were observed using dermoscopy and in vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM),followed by histopathologic analysis.Results On dermoscopy and CLSM,all the lesions showed the following features:pseudonetwork,liquefaction degeneration of the basal cell layer,and incontinence of pigment.Conclusion Both dermoscopy and in vivo CLSM can serve as noninvasive auxiliary diagnostic tools for Riehl's melanosis.

Objective To assess the microscopic features of lentigo by using in vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).Methods This study included 30 patients clinically diagnosed with solar lentigo and 10 patients with lentigo simplex.Lentigo lesions and perilesional normal skin were examined by in vivo CLSM.Tissue specimens were also obtained from lesional and perilesional normal skin and subjected to routine histopathologic examination.Results The CLSM features of lentigo were mainly observed at the dermo-epidermal junction.In all of these cases of lentigo,there was an increase in the length and number of rete ridges,with a marked hyperpigmentation of the basal layer.Several distinct microscopic patterns were observed,such as extended,irregularly shaped papillary dermis surrounded by highly refractile cells (presumed to be basal keratinocytes).Histopathologically,there was an infiltrate of a small quantity of melanophages and lymphocytes in superficial dermis.Conclusion As far as lentigo lesions are concerned,CLSM images are consistent with histopathological findings.

In order to build a good environment for the development of both staffs and hospital, our hospital carried out a strategy of Staffs Construct Hospital, Staffs Evolve Hospital, Staffs Make Hospital Powerful. This paper proposed a new idea of creating a new environ-ment for human development, that improved the soft power of personnel work with core values of the hospital, and advocated performance and compatibility.

A 3-year-old boy presented with a 3-month history of brown-yellow papules scattered on the trunk.The first skin biopsy showed a dermal infiltrate of many mononuclear histiocytes,eosinophilic granulocytes and a small number of lymphocytes.Immunohistochemical examination of the lesions demonstrated positive reactions with anti-CD68,-S100 and-CD1a (partial) antibodies.After the biopsy,the skin lesions gradually turned dark and partially regressed leaving hyperpigmentation,but new lesions continuously appeared.Four months later,a second biopsy was performed,and showed a dermal infiltrate of histiocytes with eosinophilic granulocytes and a few multinucleated giant cells.Immunohistochemistry showed that the histiocytes stained positive for CD68,but negative for S100 and CD1a.Based on the above findings,the patient was diagnosed with juvenile xanthogranuloma.

Objective To establish a model for studying CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte proliferation in vitro and to screen traditional Chinese drugs (TCDs) with immunosuppressive effects.Methods Spleen tissue was isolated from mice,and made into single cell suspensions followed by separation of CD8+ T lymphocytes with specific antibodies.Then,the CD8 + T lymphocytes were seeded into anti-CD3/CD28 antibody-coated 96-well plates and cocultured with the extracts of 23 TCDs (100 mg/L) separately for 96 hours.Those ceils cultured with and without the presence of anti-CD3/CD28 antibody alone served as the positive control and negative control respectively.The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium,inner salt (MTS) assay was performed to evaluate the proliferation of cells and to select the top four TCDs with the strongest inhibitory effect.The relationship between the inhibitory effect and TCD concentrations was further assessed for the four selected TCDs.Enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay was carried out to estimate the influence of the four TCDs on the secretion of interferon (IFN)-γ by CD8+ T lymphocytes induced by anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies.Statistical analysis was done by nonparametric rank sum test.Results Of the 23 TCDs,14 significantly inhibited the proliferation of CD8+ T lymphocytes (all P ＜ 0.05),of which,Rhizoma Coptidis,Radix Scutellariae,Radix Aucklandiae and Rhizoma Curcumae Longae displayed the strongest inhibitory capacity with the 50％ inhibitory concentration being 25,35,50 and 60 mg/L respectively,and the 100％ inhibitory concentration being 200,100,200 and 200 mg/L respectively.The anti-CD3/CD28 antibody-induced secretion of IFN-γby CD8+ T lymphocytes was markedly suppressed by Radix Scutellariae,Radix Aucklandiae and Rhizoma Curcumae Longae at the concentration of 100 mg/L,but not by Rhizoma Coptidis at this concentration.Conclusions A model for studying the proliferation of CD8+ T lymphocytes is successfully developed in vitro,and four TCDs with strong inhibitory effects on the proliferation of CD8+ T lymphocytes have been screened out with this model.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of three different placental preparations in the treatment of childhood vitiligo.MethodsEighty-two children with vitiligo were divided into 3 groups to be topically treated with melagenine,human placental tissue fluid and human placental lipopolysaccharide respectively.All the patients were additionally treated with infrared rays for 20 minutes twice daily.The drugs were topically applied with an interval of 5 minutes during the irradiation.ResultsThe response rate was 75.65％,35.00％ and 44.44％ respectively in the melagenine-,human placental tissue fluid- and human placental lipopolysaccharide-treated patients,and significant differences were observed between the three groups of patients(all P ＜ 0.05).In particular,melagenine was superior to the other two preparations for the treatment of large areas of vitiligo on the scalp.ConclusionThe 3 placental preparations combined with infrared irradiation show favorable efficacy for the treatment of childhood vitiligo.

Objective To study the feasibility of using chitosan membrane to carry and transport melanocytes, in order to refine the technique for melanocyte transplantation with chitosan membrane. Methods Melanocytes were inoculated onto chitosan membrane and cultured for a period of time, then, electron microscopy,MTT assay and NaOH assay were carried out to estimate the adherence, growth and melanogenesis of the melanocytes. Skin wound surface was prepared in 12 nude mice, which were equally divided into 3 groups, test group inoculated with melanocytes on chitosan membrane, negative control group I treated with chitosan membrane without melanocytes, and negative control group II directly dressed immediately after the preparation of wound surface. On day 10 and 20 after the transplantation, confocal laser microscopy and immunohistochemistry were performed to observe the migration of melanocytes into the skin wound surface. Results Scanning electron microscopy and inverted microscopy showed that melanocytes were evenly distributed on and adhered well to the underlying chitosan membrane. As the growth curve of melanocytes demonstrated, chitosan membrane could support the normal growth of melanocytes, and no significant difference was observed in the synthesized melanin content between melanocytes cultured on the chitosan membrane and those in culture disks (0.087 ± 0.027 vs. 0.101 ± 0.036, t = 0.79, P > 0.05). Melanocytes were seen at the transplantation sites by confocal laser microscopy, and biopsy specimens from the transplantation sites stained positive for antimelan-A monoclonal antibody. Conclusions Melanocytes can adhere to and grow on the chitosan membrane,which can facilitate the migration of melanocytes to the transplantation sites in animals with the maintenance of biological activity of melanocytes.

Objective To investigate the expression of p73 protein in normal skins and lesions of benign and malignant epidermal tumors. Methods By immunohistochemical staining, the expression of p73, p53 and Ki67 was examined in 19 cases of seborrheic keratosis (SK), 16 basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 11 Bowen's disease (BD), 5 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC),as well as in 10 normal skin controls. Results In normal skin, p73 protein was found to distribute in the basal cells of the epidermis, basal cells in the outer root sheath of the hair follicles, and the germinative cells in the sebaceous glands. p73 was expressed strongly in the basal cell-like cells of BCC and SK lesions, and in the atypical cells of BD lesions, but weakly or even negatively in the tumor cells of SCC lesions and the squamous cell-like cells of SK lesions. There was significant difference in the expression of p73 among the SK, BD, BCC and SCC lesions (H=12.71 ,P

Aim To study the effect of halometasone in combination with scutellaria baicalensis georgi on the vitiligo mice induced by monobenzone. Methods 40% monobenzone cream was applied to induce vitiligo in C57BL/6 mice. Through the halometasone, halo-metasone and scutellaria baicalensis georgi combined with 40% monobenzone cream, the influence of halo-metasone and scutellaria baicalensis georgi on mice de-colorizing was studied. Hair decolorizing was observed with the naked eye, the skin decolorizing was observed by reflectance confocal microscopy ( RCM ) , and CD8 +T cell infiltration was tested with immunofluores-cence detection. The serum levels of interleukin-6(IL-6 ) and tumor necrosis factor-α( TNF-α) were deter-mined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) . Results Mice in model group showed de-pigmentation at both the monobenzone application part and non-application part. The halometasone group did not show significant therapeutic efficacy. In halometa-sone and scutellaria baicalensis georgi treatment group, there was less decolorization, the occurrence ratio, the scores of occurring time and size were lower compared with model group. There were fewer infiltrated lympho-cytes and CD8 +T cells. Halometasone and scutellaria baicalensis georgi group also showed that the serum levels of IL-6,TNF-α decreased. Conclusion Halo-metasone and scutellaria baicalensis georgi have thera-peutic effect on vitiligo mice induced by monobenzone.

Objective To evaluate the effect of injuries on monobenzone-induced vitiligo-like depigmentation in mice.Methods Forty C57BL/6 mice were randomly and equally divided into four groups:negative control group topically treated with vaseline cream,model group induced by topical monobenzone (40％) cream,acupuncture group receiving acupuncture treatment (15 times) once every three days,and acupuncture combined with monobenzone group receiving both monobenzone induction and acupuncture treatment.The treatment lasted 50 days and mice were sacrificed 15 days after the end of treatment.Hair decolorization was observed with naked eyes,and skin decolorization with reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) on a daily basis.Tissue specimens were obtained from depigmented skin at monobenzone-uninduced sites,and subjected to hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining for the cvaluation of lymphocytic infiltration as well as immunofluorescence staining for the detection of CD8+ T cell expression.Statistical analysis was done by t test.Results Varying degrees of depigmentation were observed in both monobenzone-induced and-uninduced sites in both the model group and acupuncture combined with monobenzone group,and the latter group showed earlier,larger and more stable depigmentation than the former group.At 15 days after the end of treatment,the decolorization area index in the model group and acupuncture combined with monobenzone group was 3.45 ± 0.17 and 3.90 ± 0.25 at monobenzone-induced sites respectively(t =7.433,P ＜ 0.05),1.90-± 0.12 and 2.85 ± 0.27 at monobenzone-uninduced sites respectively (t =7.529,P ＜ 0.05).Significant differences were observed in the fluorescence intensity of CD8 + T cells at monobenzone-uninduced depigmented sites between the model group and acupuncture combined with monobenzone group (175.528 ± 10.711 vs.645.928 ± 12.652,t =8.105,P ＜ 0.05),and there was a more evident infiltrate with lymphocytes and CD8+T cells in the monobenzone-uninduced depigmented sites in the acupuncture combined with monobenzone group.Conclusion Local destruction of skin barrier may promote monobenzone-induced vitiligo-like decolorization in mice.