Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; etiology ; Tracheotomy ; adverse effects ; Young Adult

Objective To report 11 cases with the tissue defects of their upper or lower limbs repaired with the anastomsed medial sural artery perforator flaps.Methods The free medial sural artery perforator flaps,with length of 8 cm to 15 cm and width of 6 cm to 14 cm were used for tissue defect reconstruction of the distal upper or lower limbs in 11 cases,including 6 females and 5 males.The flap was harvested from the ho- mo-lateral calf,confined between the posterior-medial edge of the tibia and the middle line of the calf and a- bove the distal half part of the medial sural muscle,with a same axis of this muscle.Results Ten cases survived very well,which was relatively thin,and the donor site can be acceptable.One case resulted in a complete flap necrotized and covered with a split skin graft.No obvious motor function defect was observed of the donor leg.Conclusion The anastomsed medial sural artery perforator flap is alternative donor flap for the upper or lower limb tissue defect repair,especially for the defect in the hand or foot.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of comprehensive rehabilitation on shoulder subluxation of patients with stroke hemiplegia.MethodsComprehensive rehabilitation was practiced on 20 hemiplegic post-stroke patients with shoulder subluxation, including putting injured limb at correct position, keeping the range of passive motion, resistance exercise of scapula muscle group, and shoulder sting. The therapeutic effect was evaluated after 6 weeks treatment.ResultsThere was a significant difference in the shoulder subluxation and movement function of the upper extremities between pre-therapy and after therapy ( P<0.05～0.01).ConclusionComprehensive rehabilitation has obvious therapeutic effect on shoulder subluxation and motor dysfunction of patients with stroke hemiplegia.

Objective To explore the feasibility of mobilization circulating MSCs by G-CSF and observe the repairing effect of G-CSF mobilization in severe mouse traumatic brain injury(TBI) model.Methods MSCs-derived bone marrow and peripheral blood(PB) were cultured and its CFU-F were counted after mobilization by G-CSF.At 2,24,48,96,120,144,192,264,336 h after severe TBI in mice was establish,the neurobehavior of mice was measured by neurological examination and motor functional test,and mortality rate and pathologic changes were analyzed.Results MSCs-derived PB were successfully cultured.The CFU-F of mobilization group increased significantly than that of control group(P

Objective To invesgate the effect of P-glycoprotein(PGP)inhibitor,verapamil,on electrobiological activity and seizure behavior in phenytoin-carbamazepine(PHT-CBZ)resistant rats.Methods The model of medically intractable epilepsy was established by kindling of amygdale. Verapamil was applied to PHT-CBZ resistant rats,followed by the observation on after discharge threshold (ADT),after discharge duration(ADD)and seizure activity.Results Compared with the control group, the ADT was higher in PHT-CBZ resistant rats peritoneally injected with verapamil((238.0?32.2)?A vs (177.0?23.3)?A,P

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether FTY720 inhibits rat mesangial proliferation and extracellular matrix expansion through suppression of transforming growth factor β1-connective tissue growth factor (TGFβ1-CTGF) pathway, and to explore experimental evidence for its effect on mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis.

METHODSA rat model of anti-Thy-1 mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis was established and FTY720 intervention was performed. Periphery blood lymphocyte count, urine protein excretion, glomerular mesangial proliferation, protein and gene expression of TGFβ1 and CTGF and extracellular matrix protein including fibronectin, laminin and collagen IV in isolated glomeruli were documented at 1, 3 and 7 days after injection of anti-Thy-1 antibody.

RESULTSThe model group developed proteinuria at 1, 3 and 7 days after injection of anti-Thy-1 antibody, which were significantly higher [(27.9 ± 7.3), (63.5 ± 18.8) and (52.4 ± 15.4)mg/d, respectively] than those in the control group [(8.4 ± 2.4), (8.4 ± 2.1) and (10.4 ± 3.2) mg/d; respectively, P < 0.01]. FTY720 intervention group showed significantly decreased proteinuria at 3 and 7 days after injection [(31.4 ± 7.0), (25.5 ± 7.7) mg/d, respectively] than model group (P < 0.01), although higher than the control group (P < 0.01). After intervention for 3 and 7 days, FTY720 significantly down-regulated both TGFβ1 and CTGF gene and protein expression in cultured glomeruli, and suppressed the production of glomerular extracellular matrix protein secretion, leading to attenuated mesangial cell proliferation and extracellular matrix expansion in rat anti-Thy-1 mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis.

CONCLUSIONFTY720 significantly attenuates mesangial proliferation and extracellular matrix expansion through inhibition of TGFβ1-CTGF pathway in rat, and thus ameliorates the development of anti-Thy-1 mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis.

Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; metabolism ; Fingolimod Hydrochloride ; Gene Expression ; Glomerular Mesangium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; pharmacology ; Isoantibodies ; immunology ; Kidney Glomerulus ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Propylene Glycols ; pharmacology ; Proteinuria ; urine ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Sphingosine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Thy-1 Antigens ; immunology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; genetics ; metabolism

Soxhlet extraction is a common method of sample preparation. However, there has been no discussion about the efficiency of Soxhlet extraction from different batches and the factors that cause content fluctuation. In this study, Panax ginseng was selected as a model sample. Soxhlet extraction by means of a water bath, which has always been neglected, was identified as a novel key factor in the poor repeat-ability in different batches of Soxhlet extraction, as it can affect the siphon times and reflux time, which have been positively correlated with the ginsenoside contents. By substituting round bottom flasks in the same column, the relative standard deviation of the most fluctuated compound, ginsenoside Rb1, was decreased from 24.6% to 5.02%. Scanning electron microscopy analysis confirmed that the breakdown of the surface of the ginseng powder in the Soxhlet extraction led to a better dissolution of ginsenosides, indicating that chloroform may promote the extraction of ginsenosides by disrupting the cell structure. Moreover, 70% methanol was regarded as the better solvent for extracting the ginsenosides. Overall, this work offers a practical and effective protocol for improving the accuracy and repeatability of Soxhlet extraction methodology for ginsenosides and other analytes.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of Qingli Shengjing Pills (QSP) on the apoptosis of germ cells and expressions of Fas and FasL in male mice infected with Escherichia coli (E. coli), and to clarify the molecular mechanism of QSP in the treatment of male infertility induced by E. coli infection.

METHODSFifty male mice were injected with E. coli via the bladder to make infection models, and at 15 dpi equally randomized into five groups: an untreated, a high-dose QSP (22.5 g/ml), a medium-dose QSP (13.5 g/ml), a low-dose QSP (4.50 g/ml) and a Furadantin treatment group, which were coded as MN, MTa, MTb, MTc and MTd, respectively. Another 10 mice were injected with saline and included in the control group coded as CT. After 10 days of oral medication, the apoptosis of germ cells in the testis of the mice was detected by flow cytometry, the expressions of Fas and FasL determined by immunohistochemistry and the histopathological changes observed simultaneously.

RESULTSAfter the treatment, the apoptosis of germ cells was observed in all the infected groups, and the apoptosis level in MN (57.44%) was significantly higher than that in CT (28.54%), MTb (28.59%) or MTa (30.11%) (P < 0.01) but had no significant difference from that in MTc (46.54%) or MTd (43.41%) (P > 0.05). The expressions of Fas and FasL proteins were significantly higher in MN than in CT, MTa, MTb, MTc and MTd (P < 0.01). Histopathological changes of the testis tissue were observed in MN, but not in other groups.

CONCLUSIONE. coli infection could increase the apoptosis rate of germ cells and the expressions of Fas and FasL proteins. Qingli Shengjing Pills, capable of enhancing reproductivity by reducing the expressions of Fas and FasL and apoptosis of germ cells, can be used as one of the effective drugs for infertility induced by E. coli infection.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Escherichia coli ; Fas Ligand Protein ; metabolism ; Infertility, Male ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Testis ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; fas Receptor ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the activity of pyramidal neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of normal and 6-OHDA-lesioned rats and the responses of the neurons to 5-hydroxytryptamine-7 (5-HT(7)) receptor stimulation.

METHODSThe changes in spontaneous firing of the pyramidal neurons in the mPFC in response to 5-HT(7) receptor stimulation were observed by extracellular recording in normal and 6-OHDA-lesioned rats.

RESULTSBoth systemic and local administration of 5-HT(7) receptor agonist AS 19 resulted in 3 response patterns (excitation, inhibition and no change) of the pyramidal neurons in the mPFC of normal and 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. In normal rats, the predominant response of the pyramidal neurons to AS 19 stimulation was excitatory, and the inhibitory effect of systemically administered AS 19 was reversed by GABAA receptor antagonist picrotoxinin. In the lesioned rats, systemic administration of AS 19 also increased the mean firing rate of the pyramidal neurons, but the cumulative dose for producing excitation was higher than that in normal rats. Systemic administration of AS 19 produced an inhibitory effect in the lesioned rats, which was partially reversed by picrotoxinin. Local administration of AS 19 at the same dose did not change the ?ring rate of the neurons in the lesioned rats.

CONCLUSIONThe activity of mPFC pyramidal neurons is directly or indirectly regulated by 5-HT7 receptor, and degeneration of the nigrostriatal pathway leads to decreased response of these neurons to AS 19.

Action Potentials ; Animals ; Oxidopamine ; Parkinson Disease ; metabolism ; Prefrontal Cortex ; cytology ; Pyramidal Cells ; drug effects ; Rats ; Receptors, Serotonin ; metabolism ; Serotonin Receptor Agonists ; pharmacology

Objective To understand the major genotype-resistant mutation sites and change trends of HIV/AIDS patients with failure of antiviral therapy (ART) in Lincang City, Yunnan Province. Methods The In-House method was used to amplify the Pol gene region in the plasma samples of HIV/AIDS patients with failure of ART in Lincang City from 2011 to 2018. The target sequence was spliced and submitted to the HIV resistance database to identify and analyze the HIV-1 subtypes and resistant mutation sites. Results The 950 strains of HIV/AIDS patients with antiviral failure were mainly CRF08_BC, accounting for 75.5% (717/950), and the total gene mutation rate was 67.1% (637/950), which was dominated by non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), accounting for 62.4% (593/950); followed by nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), accounting for 34.7% (330/950); protease inhibitors (PIs) was 7.5% (71/950). A total of 15 NRTIs of resistance-related mutation sites were detected, mainly M184V (29.3%) which was detected mostly in AZT/D4T+3TC+NVP programs; including 17 kinds of NNRTIs, mainly was K103N/S (25.1%)，the most detected in AZT/TDF+3TC+EFV programs. There were 22 kinds of PIs，mainly secondary sites were L10F/V/I (2.2%) and L33F (2.1%). The top three NRTIs mutation sites in the area were changed from T69D/N/G，M184I/V and D67N/G/S to M184I/V, K70R/Q/E/T and T215Y/F/V/I/N/A/D. NNRTIs mutation sites were changed from V179D/T/E/F, E138A/K/G/R and Y181C/F/G/V to K103N/S, E138A/K/G/R and V179D/T/E/F. The mutation sites of the first three PIs did not change much. Conclusions The second-line regimen based on PIs is a better choice in free antiviral treatments. Mastering the drug resistance of different gene mutations is beneficial to the compatibility of first-line drugs, thus delaying the use of second-line drugs.