Objective To evaluate the effect of Naozhifu as a multifunctional agents for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease(AD) .Methods On 30th after castration ,female mice were received intrahippocampal injection of Aβ1‐42 and ibotenic acid for replicating the AD model .On the next day ,these modeled mice were randomly divided into model group ,low dose of Naazhifu group ,middle dose of Naozhifu group ,high dose of Naozhifu group and piracetam group ,sham operated mice were set as control group .Then the gavage was given once a day for 4 consecutive weeks .Furthermore the step‐down passive avoidance test , morris water maze test and biochemical indicators detection were performed .Results In step‐down passive avoidance test ,the latent period in model group was significantly shortened(P<0 .05) ,the fault frequency was increased when compared with control group (P<0 .05) .During the Morris Water Maze test ,the latent period for seeking escape from platform in AD mice were obviously ex‐tended(P<0 .05) ,the times of passing through the platform was shortened(P<0 .05) ,the swimming path length around the escape from platform ,swimming time and distance in the effective area in AD mice were increased(P<0 .05) ,meanwhile the level of MDA in brain tissue was significantly increased ,while the levels of Ach and SOD were significantly decreased(P<0 .05) .These indicators in middle and high dose of Naofuzhi group obviously improved .Conclusion Naofuzhi has the multi‐target prevention and treatment effect on AD .

The article summarizes the questions of clinical practicing in obstetrics and gynecology through clinical teaching in person,and find out some measures to improve teaching quality of clinical practicing.

Objective To investigate the relationship between transfusion transmitted virus (TTV)infection and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,the effect of TTV infection on the liver function, and analyse the feature of nucleotide sequences in TTV ORF1.Methods Serum TTV DNA,which were from 58 neonates with high direct bilirubin(DB,including 5 with hepatitis Syndrome),92 ones with high indirect bilirubin(IB),and 85 normal ones,was detected using a nested polymerase chain reaction technique(nPCR),electropherosis and sequence analyse,and serum alanine amniotransferase (ALT)was determined in all neonates.Results In DB neonates,TTV DNA were detected in 7 neo- nates(12.1%,including 3 neonates with hepatitis syndrome);in IB and normal ones,1 neonate had positive TTV DNA(1.1% and 1.25),respectively.Even if there were point mutations in Guangdong's TTV,the homology of Guangdong's TTV(GD1-9)and Japanese TTV(N22)ranged from 87.1%～97.8% at nucleotide level.Conclusion TTV infection may be one of important pathogenesis resulting in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and liver damage in such patients.Guangdong's and Japanese TTV isolates had the same genotype,some gene mutations maybe increase the pathogenicity in TTV.

Objective To investigate the correlation between vertical infection of hepatitis B virus(HBV) and Hofbauer cell in placenta.Methods Placental structural change,the correlation between HBV infection and Hofbauer cell in 14 vertical transmission cases(HBsAg and HBV-DNA seropositive in both mothers and their neonates),62 non-vertical transmission cases(HBsAg and HBV-DNA seropositive in mothers,but HBsAg and HBV-DNA seronegative in their neonates) and 10 controls(HBsAg and HBV-DNA seronegative in both mothers and their neonates) were determined by inmumohistochemical techniques and photomicroscopy.Results 1.necrosis,edema,villi capillary sclerosis,intravillifibrosis,fibrinoial sendimentation,morphokarrioleukocyet,lymphacyte,granulocyte were observed in placentas both vertical transmission cases and non-vertical transmission cases.2.Placental HBsAg postive rate in vertical transmission cases was 100%,but 58% in non-vertical transmission cases.There was significant difference in two groups(P=(0.013)).The positive sign was observed in trophoblast cell,Hofbauer cell and endothelial cell.3.Total Hobauer cell and ones combined with HBV in placentas of vertical transmission cases obviously increased(P

Objective To investigate the expression of P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) and the effect of P2X7R agonist 2'-3'-O-(4-benzoyl-benzoyl) ethane adenosine triphosphate three amine salt (BzATP) on cell growth and apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells,and to explore the related mechanism.Methods The expression of P2X7R in A549 cells was detected by immunofluorescence.Cells were treated with different concentrations (150,300,600 μmol/L) of BzATP.Cells untreated with BzATP were used as control group.3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazoly)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTF) assay and Hoest33342 staining were respectively used to detect cell viability and apoptosis.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was uesd to detect the concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) of cell culture supernatants.The expressions of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65,inhibitor of α of NF-κB (IκBα) and the phosphorylation of inhibitor of α of NF-κB (phospho-IκBα) were detected by Western blotting.Results P2X7R was expressed on the cell membrane of A549 cells.Survival rate of A549 cell was significantly decreased with the concentrations of BzATP at 300 and 600 μmol/L [(67.87 ± 8.98) ％,(44.73 ± 6.92) ％],compared with the control group (98.60 ± 1.44) ％,the differences were statistically significant (t =4.481,P =0.027;t =3.920,P =0.038).BzATP promoted apoptosis,and increased the concentration of TNF-α of supernatant at 300 and 600 μmol/L [(57.35 ±6.41) pg/ml,(78.63 ± 11.33) pg/ml],compared with the control group (42.56 ±0.37) pg/ml,the differences were statistically significant (t =6.410,P =0.035;t =11.330,P =0.005).In addation,the expressions of NF-κB p65 and IκBα were respectively downregulated and upregulated by BzATP,while the expression of phospho-IκBα was not significantly altered.Conclusion P2X7R is expressed on A549 cell membrane.BzATP can inhibit cell proliferation and induce the apoptosis of A549 cells,and the mechanism of action may be related to promoting the release of TNF-α and inhibition of NF-κB pathway.

Asphyxia Neonatorum ; complications ; Biomarkers ; urine ; Dinoprost ; analogs & derivatives ; urine ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; diagnosis ; etiology ; urine ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Severity of Illness Index ; Time Factors

Objective:To compare the quality differences in benzalkonium chloride samples from domestic and abroad to provide references for the quality standard revision for benzalkonium chloride in Chinese pharmacopoeia. Methods: The ratio of alkyl compo-nents was determined according to the method described in USP 38, and the total content of benzalkonium chloride was determined ac-cording to the method recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition) and USP 38, respectively. Results:According to the results of composition ratio of alkyl, the fraction defective of domestic samples and imported samples was 100% and 50%, respectively. The content difference between the values calculated by the methods in the two pharmacopoeias showed that the total content of domestic samples changed from 3. 86% to 4. 15%, and that of imported samples changed from 1. 15% to 3. 90%. Conclusion:There are sig-nificant differences in the quality of benzalkonium chloride between domestic samples and imported samples. It is recommended that the ratio of alkyl components should be supplemented in our pharmacopoeia referring to the method in USP 38 and the total content calcula-tion formula for benzalkonium chloride should be revised to improve the quality standard for benzalkonium chloride.

Key trial activities include: development of the trial protocol;development of standard operating procedures;development of support systems and tools;generation and approval of trial information documents;selection of trial sites and the selection of properly qualified,trained,and experienced investigators and study personnel;ethics committee review and approval of the protocol;review and approval by applicable regulatory authorities;enrollment of subjects into the study: recruitment,eligibility,and informed consent;the investigational product(s): quality,handling,and accounting;trial data acquisition: conducting the trial;trial data acquisition: conducting the trial; safety management and reporting;monitoring the trial;managing trial data;quality assurance of the trial performance and data;reporting the trial.

Objective: To study the mechanism of ziyuglycoside I (ZgI) increasing the number of white blood cells (WBC) in peripheral blood. Methods: KM mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, 3-methyladenosine (3-MA) group, ZgI group (20 mg/kg), and ZgI (20 mg/kg)+3-MA group. On the first day of experiment, myelosuppression mice were induced by ip cyclophosphamide of 120 mg/kg and were continuously gavaged with ZgI for 6 d. On the 6th day, the number of WBC and granulocytes were determined. The degree of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) autophagy was observed by transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence microscopy. The apoptosis rate of HSCs was determined by flow cytometry, and the expression of Atg5, Atg7, and Beclin-1 proteins were detected by Western blotting. Results: Compared with the model group and 3-methyladenine group, ZgI significantly increased the numbers of leukocyte and granulocytes (P < 0.05), it also significantly stimulated the autophagy of HSCs. Meanwhile, ZgI significantly up-regulated the Atg5, Atg7, and Beclin-1 (P < 0.01) proteins expression in HSCs. Conclusion: The results suggested that ZgI was an efficient autophagic activator, and the mechanism of increasing WBC might be related to the promotion of HSCs autophagy of myelosuppression mice.

Objective: To explore the protective effects of tannins in Sanguisorba Radix (TSR) on myelosuppression mice induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX). Methods: TSR was ig given at the dose of 20 mg/kg for 10 d after ip administration of CTX (200 mg/kg). Results: TSR could significantly increase the numbers of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets of myelosuppression in mice. And it could accelerate bone marrow haemopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) in myelosuppression mice and enhance cell proliferation by promoting cell cycles from G0/G1 phase to access into S and G2/M phases, then the reduced number of HSPCs induced by CTX was reversed. Moreover, TSR could increase the mRNA and protein expression levels of O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) in HSPCs of myelosuppression mice. Conclsion: TSR has a protective function against CTX-induced myelosuppression. The mechanism might be related to protecting hematopoietic stem cells of bone marrow, stimulating hematopoiesis recovery, as well as preventing the apoptosis of hematopoietic stem cells induced by CTX. © 2014 Tianjin Press of Chinese Herbal Medicines.