No abstract available.
Accidents, Traffic*

No abstract available.
Accidents, Occupational*

Introduction: Globally, the number of people who die from road crashes continues to rise, reaching a high of 1.35 million in 2016. Due to this continued increase in fatalities and injuries within the road transport system, especially in low- and middle-income countries, 2011 to 2020 was declared by the United Nations General Assembly in 2010 as the Decade of Action for Road Safety. Objectives: This study looked into the epidemiology of road crashes and injuries in Metro Manila over ten years, from 2008-2017, from data gathered at the Department of Surgery of the Philippine General Hospital (PGH). Method: A retrospective review of patients’ clinical records was conducted to describe the epidemiology of road crash cases in the Trauma Division, Department of Surgery of the PGH. Clinical records of the road crash patients admitted to the division over the ten years, January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2017, were extracted from the Integrated Surgical Information System (ISIS). Results: A total of 422 patients were admitted to the PGH Department of Surgery and recorded in the ISIS database, from 2008 to 2017, who suffered from road crashes in Metro Manila. Most of these patients (80.8%) were male. The mean age of patients was 32.4 years. The highest number of admissions (27.5%) and road crash deaths (6.9%) were in 2016; the highest number was from the city of Manila (26.7%), and most happened at nighttime (61.8%) between 6:00 PM and 5:59 AM. Throughout the years, motorcycle (52.8%) was the vehicle type involved. Among patients with helmet use information, 65.4% were not wearing helmets, 91.2% had a history of alcohol intake. The majority incurred multiple injuries (82.7%), with the external region (53.8%) as the most common. Patients who sustained injuries to their head and neck region were five times more likely to die and six times more likely to have an unchanged patient outcome than those who did not have these injuries. Patients who had a GCS of 8 and below or those who had severe brain injuries were eight times more likely to die and six times more likely to have an unchanged patient outcome. Conclusion This study looked into the epidemiology of road crash cases admitted to the Surgery Department of the PGH. Road crash injuries and deaths remain a growing concern among the citizens of Metro Manila. It is hoped that the results of this study will provide policymakers with an objective and data-driven perspective on road crashes.
Accidents ; Patients

Pilot's complacency and confidence have been implicated as a contributing factors in numerous aviation accidents and incidents. It is related to ones belief that one is capable of performing in a certain manner to attain certain goals which is called 'Self-Efficacy' as a psychological concept. The purpose of this study was to construct and validate pilot's self-efficacy scale. This study examined the necessity of pilot efficacy in terms of pilot's confidence and complacency, and considered what is components and processes of pilot self-efficacy through the reference to literature. This Study newly defined 'pilot-efficacy' as vocational self-efficacy in flight operation field. Based on literature review and advisory group's review, there made 3 factors of Pilot-Efficacy:Flight-Efficacy, Relational/Communication Efficacy, and physical and psychological Stress-Coping Efficacy. Preliminary pilot-efficacy scale was administered to pilot group analysis Item analysis was conducted to select appropriate items and common factor analysis was done to identify the subcomponents of pilot efficacy scale. In result, 35 items were selected. The measurement of pilot efficacy for individual makes it possible to predict pilots' behavior when they make decision both normal and non-normal situation. This scale is expected to be not only predictable but also useful to enhance aviation safety. Finally, suggestion for following studies were discussed.
Accidents, Aviation ; Aviation

We conducted a retrospective study on the medical records of patients with traffic accidents in Viet Duc Hospital. Results showed that the mortality rate and traffic accident were increasingly with development of socioeconomy. The mortality rate related with traffic accident was the same as this in Egypt. Most of them were men and ages of 24-45. Motorbike was most frequent cause of traffic accident. The rate of helmet using was low.
Accidents, Traffic ; Wounds and Injuries

Retrospective study within 3 years (5/1994-5/1997) shows that the annual rate of occupational accident (OCA) cases was 7.65% and 4.81% numbers of people (4.15% males and 0.66% females). Related factors included: rate of OCA cases according to occupation, seniority, professional level, frequency of time, environment, protective measures. The rate of OCA cases increased on July, August, and September
Accidents, Occupational ; Professional Corporations

A cross-sectional study was carried out with 539 subjects at Khanh Hoa and Binh Thuan provinces. The results: there was 180 occupational accident during the period from 1997 to 1999, with 31 deaths. Almost of them have not been appropriately trained in diving technique and safety measures. They have not enough protection equipment, diving clothes and oxygen-tubes when diving at 20m depth. Training courses on diving safety measures for fishermen were conducted and recommendations for treatments of diving-fishermen diseases were made. These recommendations have been applied in Ham Tan Hospital (Binh Thuan).
Accidents, Occupational ; prevention & control

Circus is a specific work demanding high physical effort and emotional strain. Using monitoring ECG, the survey was conducted on 12 young male and female circus actors, aged 14-21 years during their training performance. The aim of the survey was to evaluate circus workload on cardio-vascular system. The obtained results showed that circus could be considered as extreme heavy work according to the Christensen's classification. Their average heart rate (RH) during the performance was 163 beats/min (heart rate at rest was 76.6 beats/mn). The momentary maximal HR was 255 beats/min for swinging performance on altitude and 198 beats/min for jumping and marking loops in the net. Their minute HR variations were 35-130 beats/min and 10-58 beats/min accordingly. The benefit of the monitoring ECG in studying some specific occupations was confirmed.
Accidents, Occupational ; Electrocardiography

Khanh Hoa fishery has not paid much attention on supporting and training of working safety, navigate safety and rescurity. Some dead accidents happening on the sea would have been cured by that problem. We have made some practical recommendations for prevention of working accidents and health protection for fishermen
Occupational Health ; Accidents, Occupational

The accidents vascular cerebral and it's severe sequelae in movements have changed a patient's gait by certain pattern. To evaluate and correct the gait disorders, the study was conducted aim to objectives: 1) Analyze the gait of normal and of stroke subjects, 2) Find out the correlation between moving balance abilities and joint angles. Method: joint angles at lower extremity in.ambulance of 33 stroke patients and 79 normal subjects of the same age and body height have been analyzed by Skelet software designed by Hanoi Polytechnics Institute authors. Results: the patient's ankle almost in dorsiflexion in walking. The knee has been limited in flexion at swinging and reduced in extension in push of. The hip has been less flexed at swinging and less extended at standing. These joint angle's changes were closely correlated to patient's balancing and moving abilities, (r = 0.67). Conclusion: In case group, the ankle is more in plantar flexion; as well as the knee's and the hip flexion is more notable in patients comparing with control group. The alterations of joint angle are correlative with patient's mobility and balance.
Cerebral Revascularization, Accidents