1.Neonatal Clavicle Fracture: A Review of Fourteen Cases in East Coast Peninsular Malaysia
Awang MS ; Abdul Razak AH ; Che Ahmad A
The International Medical Journal Malaysia 2017;16(2):79-83
Introduction: The purpose of this study is to identify the incidence of clavicle fractures in newborn
associated with fetal, maternal and process of deliveries in Kuantan General Hospital from June 2012 until
January 2014. This study is to determine epidemiological data of clavicle fractures, maternal and baby risk
factors associated with clavicle fractures of newborn and its’ outcome. Methods: This is a prospective
study. 13 patients were identified to fulfill the inclusion criteria of the study. The data of
sociodemographic, associated fetal and maternal risk factors and the outcomes were recorded using
proforma. The statistical data analysis was done using SPSS 12.0. Results: Out of 20,257 live births at our
centre during the study period, 13 infants were diagnosed to have clavicle fractures, giving an incidence of
0.64 per 1000 live births. There were 5 (38.5%) left, 7 (53.8%) right and one (7.7%) bilateral fracture. All
fractures located at the mid shaft of the clavicle and none have associated brachial plexus injuries. All
infants were delivered through vaginal delivery (61.5%); five through assisted delivery (instrumental); 2
(15.4%) forcep and 3 (23.1%) vacuum. Two of the babies developed shoulder dystocia. The average birth
weight was 3371 grams (SD 0.269) and mean gestational age was 38.7 weeks (SD 1.16). Five of the mothers
(38.5%) were primigravida and eight (61.5%) were multigravida in which,7 (53.8%)were healthy without
other co-morbidty, 5 (38.5%) having gestational diabetis and one (7.7%) hypertension. The average maternal
weight was 62.0 kg and height 1.58 metres with average BMI of 24.16 (3.29SD). All eventually had a
complete recovery at 6 weeks with clinical and radiological evident of fracture union. Conclusions: In
conclusion, all patients with clavicle fractures were found following vaginal delivery. There were no
associations between neonatal clavicle fractures with maternal or baby risk factors. All fractures healed
without any complications.
2.Relationship Of Socio-Demographic Characteristics, Nutritional Status, And Red Meat Intake To Blood Cholesterol Level Among Staff In Universiti Sains Malaysia
Sakinah Harith ; Khor Wei Xin ; Aryati Ahmad ; Noor Aini Mohd Yusoff ; Shariza Abdul Razak
Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 2017;Special Volume(2):1-10
The main objective of the study was to determine the factors associated with blood cholesterol level among staff in Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). The study was a cross-sectional. One-hundred staff between 23 and 59 years of age were recruited in this study using convenient sampling at USM Health Campus. A questionnaire which includes socio-demographic characteristics, medical history, and red meat intake was used in the study. Anthropometric and biochemical assessment were measured. Blood cholesterol level was divided into two categories which were known as healthy range (<5.2mmol/L) and slight risk/high risk range (≥5.2mmol/L). The gender distribution of respondents for this study comprised of 40 male and 60 female. The age group (18 to 39) years and (40 to 59) years had a total of 40.3% and 63.2% of slightly risk or high risk blood cholesterol respectively; with the significant association between age group and blood cholesterol level (χ²=4.916,p=0.027). Besides, normal BMI group had 66.7% of respondents achieved healthy blood cholesterol level whereas underweight, overweight and obese group had 39.7% achieved healthy blood cholesterol with the significant association between BMI and blood cholesterol level (χ²=7.112,p=0.008). Moreover, daily or weekly intake of red meat showed that 65.0% of total respondents had a healthier blood cholesterol level compared to 51.0% of monthly, rarely, or none red meat intake group which achieved healthy blood cholesterol level. The result also showed a significant association between red meat intake and blood cholesterol (χ²=5.229, p=0.022), which indicating less red meat consumption is linked to high level of blood cholesterol level. Therefore, further investigation and future studies are needed to gain a clearer understanding of the association between these variables and blood cholesterol level.
3.Primary Sinonasal Clear Cell Carcinoma: Case Report
Davina Stasia Teo ; Linda Lim ; Abdul Razak Ahmad ; Vijayaprakas Rao Ramanna ; Norkamaruzaman Esa
The Medical Journal of Malaysia 2015;70(2):112-113
Primary sinonasal clear cell carcinoma is a rare neoplasm
classified under malignant epithelial tumours of salivary
gland – type carcinomas under World Health Organization
(WHO) classification. We report a case which occurred on a
69 year old gentleman presented with epistaxis and nasal
endoscopy examination showed tumour arising from the
right ethmoid cells. Endoscopic excision of the tumour was
done and histopathological examination revealed clear cell
carcinoma. In addition, other secondary or primary sites of
the lesion were excluded by clinical, immunohistochemical
and radiological examinations. 10 months into the
postoperative period, patient remains well without
recurrence of the tumour. In conclusion: We report a rare
case of primary sinonasal clear cell carcinoma in addition to
the limited literature available and emphasize the
differentials with other probable tumour through meticulous
microscopic examination and use of special immunostains.
Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell
;
Carcinoma
4.Screening for XPD312 polymorphisms in human oral cancer: a preliminary study
Khor Chai Wey ; Ahmad Azlina ; Kannan Thirumulu Ponnuraj ; Noor Hayati Abdul Razak
Archives of Orofacial Sciences 2010;5(2):42-46
Xeroderma pigmentosum-D (XPD) is one of the genes that
play a role in the Nucleotide-Excision Repair (NER). Polymorphisms in XPD gene have been identified and reported to be associated with many types of cancer with two common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), namely, XPD312 and XPD751. The XPD312 polymorphism is at exon 10 codon 312 Asp to Asn (A→G) and the association of this polymorphism with oral cancer is very little known,
especially, in Malaysia. The aim of this study was to screen for XPD312 gene polymorphisms in human oral cancer patients attending Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Malaysia. Blood samples were collected from 10 oral cancer and 10 normal healthy subjects with their
consent. DNA was extracted using commercial DNA extraction kit and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify the XPD312 gene. The PCR products were digested using restriction enzyme, Sty I and analyzed on a 3% agarose gel for the detection of polymorphisms. This was followed by DNA sequencing to confirm the
findings. In the current study, only homozygous wild type
polymorphisms in the XPD312 gene was noticed in the oral cancer tissues as revealed by the restriction enzyme and DNA sequencing analyses.
5.Relationship Of Socio-Demographic Characteristics, Nutritional Status, And Red Meat Intake To Blood Cholesterol Level Among Staff In Universiti Sains Malaysia
Sakinah Harith ; Khor Wei Xin ; Aryati Ahmad ; Noor Aini Mohd Yusoff ; Shariza Abdul Razak
Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 2017;2017(Special Volume (2)):1-10
The main objective of the study was to determine the factors associated with blood cholesterol level among staff in Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). The study was a cross-sectional. One-hundred staff between 23 and 59 years of age were recruited in this study using convenient sampling at USM Health Campus. A questionnaire which includes sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, and red meat intake was used in the study. Anthropometric and biochemical assessment were measured. Blood cholesterol level was divided into two categories which were known as healthy range (<5.2mmol/L) and slight risk/high risk range (≥5.2mmol/L). The gender distribution of respondents for this study comprised of 40 male and 60 female. The age group (18 to 39) years and (40 to 59) years had a total of 40.3% and 63.2% of slightly risk or high risk blood cholesterol respectively; with the significant association between age group and blood cholesterol level (χ²=4.916,p=0.027). Besides, normal BMI group had 66.7% of respondents achieved healthy blood cholesterol level whereas underweight, overweight and obese group had 39.7% achieved healthy blood cholesterol with the significant association between BMI and blood cholesterol level (χ²=7.112,p=0.008). Moreover, daily or weekly intake of red meat showed that 65.0% of total respondents had a healthier blood cholesterol level compared to 51.0% of monthly, rarely, or none red meat intake group which achieved healthy blood cholesterol level. The result also showed a significant association between red meat intake and blood cholesterol (χ²=5.229, p=0.022), which indicating less red meat consumption is linked to high level of blood cholesterol level. Therefore, further investigation and future studies are needed to gain a clearer understanding of the association between these variables and blood cholesterol level.
nutritional status
;
blood cholesterol level
;
red meat intake
6.Prevalence Of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS) Use In Malaysian Adults And Associated Factors: A Population-Based Survey
S Maria Awaluddin ; Noor Ani Ahmad ; Balkish Mahadir Naidu ; Muslimah Yusof ; Mohamad Aznuddin Abd Razak ; Mohd Kamal Ariff Abdul Ghani
Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 2017;17(3):58-65
Chronic use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is associated with adverse effects. However, NSAIDs are among the most popular pain killers and easily available over the counter. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of NSAIDs use in Malaysian adults and among those with chronic diseases such as arthritis, kidney disease, hypertension, heart disease and asthma. It also examined the factors associated with NSAIDs use. Data from the National Health Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2011, a nation-wide survey was analysed. A total of 18231 respondents aged 18 years and above responded to this module. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the association between NSAIDs use and associated factors. The overall prevalence of NSAIDs use among Malaysian adults was 14.2% (95%CI 13.3-15.1). Of the respondents, 4.2% (95%CI 3.8-4.7) took NSAIDs once daily. NSAIDs use was highly associated with those who were ever-told to have arthritis (aOR: 3.03; 95%CI 2.60-3.52) and have difficulty of performing daily activities or work (aOR: 2.06; 95%CI 1.86-2.28). Those who were ever-told to have kidney disease (aOR: 2.36; 95%CI 1.74-3.20), ever-told to have asthma (aOR: 1.36; 95%CI 1.17-1.58), ever-told to have heart disease (aOR: 1.34; 95%CI 1.08-1.65), known hypertension (aOR: 1.22; 95%CI 1.08-1.37) also were associated with NSAIDs use. By socio-demographic profiles, NSAIDs use was positively associated with those who have government benefit scheme or private health insurance (aOR: 1.44; 95%CI 1.31-1.58), higher education level (aOR: 1.35; 95%CI 1.20-1.51), higher household income (aOR: 1.26; 95%CI 1.11-1.44, aOR: 1.12; 95%CI 1.02-1.24), currently working (aOR: 1.25; 95%CI 1.13-1.39) and female (aOR: 1.17; 95%CI 1.07-1.28). NSAIDs use was less likely among those aged 60 years and above (aOR: 0.83; 95% CI 0.72-0.97), Chinese (aOR: 0.41; 95% CI 0.36-0.47) and ‘Others’ ethnicity (aOR: 0.82; 95% CI 0.67-0.99) compared to Malay ethnicity. NSAIDs use is prevalent in Malaysian adults and associated with co-morbidities and higher socio-demographic status, thus appropriate awareness should be promoted and highlighted in the community.
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
;
NSAIDs use
;
NHMS
;
prevalence
;
Malaysia.
7.Phonological Awareness And Global Visual Spatial Ability Among Malay Speaking Children With Specific Learning Disorder With Dyslexia
Agnes Chong Shu Sze ; Normah Che Din ; Mahadir Ahmad ; Norhayati Ibrahim ; Rogayah Abdul Razak ; Pheh Kai Shuen
Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 2018;18(Special Volume (1)):115-124
Children with Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) faces challenges in academic areas and are often negatively labelled. The learning problems in SLD children were mainly due to poor phonological skill but not much was known about the contribution of visuospatial difficulties. Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship between phonological awareness skills and global visual-spatial abilities among Malay speaking children with SLD, and to compare children with SLD and typical readers on intellectual functioning, phonological awareness and global visual-spatial ability. An equal number of typical readers (n = 36) and children with SLD were recruited. Data were coded and analysed using Kendall’s Tau-b, independent samples t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results showed phonological skills have strong negative correlation with global visual-spatial ability (r = .55). The typical readers have significantly higher IQ and better phonological skills and better global visual-spatial skills as compared to the group with SLD. However, there is no conclusive evidence due to specificity of more than one area measured by the assessment tools. Nevertheless, it provides a direction for future research to look into global visual-spatial aspects of SLD to aid in educational instruction in the future, in addition to the long-standing phonology deficit theory.
Specific Learning Disorders
;
dyslexia
;
phonological awareness, global visual-spatial ability, intellectual functioning
8.A Preliminary Study On The Specificity And Sensitivity Values And Inter-Rater Reliability Of Mini International Neuropsychiatry Interview (MINI) In Malaysia
Firdaus Mukhtar ; Abdul Kadir Abu Bakar ; Mazni Mat Junus ; Azizul Awaludin ; Salina Abdul Aziz ; Marhaini Midin ; ; Muhammad Fadzillah Abdul Razak ; Nurashikin Ibrahim ; Ang Kim Teng ; Jasvindar Kaur ; Hairul Anuar Hashim ; Maniam Tambu ; Noor Ani Ahmad
ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry 2012;13(2):1-8
Objective: The MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) is a short, structured diagnostic interview compatible with the Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV). It was designed for clinical practice, research in psychiatric, primary care settings and epidemiological surveys. This
preliminary study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Malaysian Version of MINI for Major Depressive Disorder and Generalized Anxiety Disorder
symptoms criteria only. Methods: Six hours of MINI training was given as part of a National Health Morbidity Survey training program for layman interviewers
(n=229) and three videos were prepared by an expert psychiatrist for inter-rater reliability purposes. Meanwhile, for validity purposes, the MINI was administered
to patients with Major Depressive Disorder (n=30), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (n=20) and to a normal population (n=60), to conform against the Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM-IV) that was administered by psychiatrists. Results: Overall the inter-rater reliability was satisfactory (0.67 to
0.85) and the concordance between the MINI’s and expert diagnoses was good, with kappa values of greater than 0.88. Conclusions: The Malay version of the MINI is
adjusted to the clinical setting and for the assessment of positive cases in a community setting. Modifications were highlighted to correct any identified
problems and to improve the reliability of the MINI for future research and clinical use.
9.A Review On Phonological Awareness And Visual-Spatial Ability Among Children With Dyslexia
Agnes Chong Shu Sze ; Normah Che DIN ; Norhayati IBRAHIM ; Mahadir AHMAD ; Rogayah Abdul RAZAK ; Pheh Kai SHUEN
Malaysian Journal of Health Sciences 2018;16(Special Issue (Article)):145-154
This review aims to present an overview of current research findings on the possible relationship between phonologicalawareness and visual-spatial skills among individuals with dyslexia. Narrative review of the relevant articles wereobtained through computerized searches of databases such as PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC) and Google Scholarwhich included articles from SAGE, Taylor & Francis and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Press from theyear 2000 to 2014. The key words were explored, both exclusively and in combination with each other, so as to provide abetter understanding of the relationship between them among individuals with dyslexia. Although it is evident that thereis a phonological deficit in individuals with dyslexia, however, it is inconclusive with regards to the visual-spatial deficitand strength. There is a consensus on the nature of phonological awareness skill deficits but not on the visual spatialabilities in dyslexia. In fact, the relationship between phonological awareness and visual spatial abilities in dyslexia isdependent on the area of visual ability measured.
10.Intermittent EGFR-TKI Therapy is Associated with Durable Response in Advanced EGFR-Mutant NSCLC: A Case Report
Sin Nee Tan ; Aishah Ibrahim ; Megat Razeem Abdul Razak ; Muhammad Naimmuddin Abdul Azih ; Soon Hin How
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 2023;19(No.2):341-343
Madam S, who diagnosed to have stage IV lung adenocarcinoma with exon 21 L858R point mutation (T3N2M1a)
was admitted for massive pericardial effusion in April 2016. She was ECOG 4 on admission. Her ECOG improved
to 1 after pericardial tapping and initiation of free sample erlotinib 100 mg daily. Repeated CT thorax post treatment
showed the disease was partial responded. Due to financial constraints, she had never bought any EGFR-TKI. She
was given a free sample of erlotinib intermittently for total of 12 months followed by intermittent afatinib supply for
2 years. Due to this limited supply, she took half doses of afatinib by cutting a 40 mg tablet once every few days to
sustain the continuation of cancer treatment. No major side effects were observed and she remained ECOG 0 with
good weight gain. Up to her last clinic visit in September 2021, her PFS was more than 5 years. Intermittent doses of
EGFR-TKI may prolong PFS in patients with advanced EGFRm+ NSCLC who has limited treatment options.