1.Methods of Delivering Oral Hygiene Instructions Among Orthodontic Patients: The Past, Current and Future (Cara Penyampaian Arahan Penjagaan Kebersihan Mulut Kepada Pesakit Ortodontik: Dahulu, Kini dan Akan Datang)
DEBORAH ANNE NATHAN DHANARAJU ; NOOR SAM AHMAD ; NURUL ASYIKIN YAHYA ; ASMA ALHUSNA ABANG ABDULLAH
Malaysian Journal of Health Sciences 2023;21(No.2):47-59
This review paper aims to present the evolution in methods of delivering oral hygiene information to orthodontic
patients. Orthodontic fixed appliance treatment confers numerous benefits to patients in terms of occlusion, function and
aesthetics, but it is associated with unwanted consequences due to challenges in maintaining oral hygiene. The ways of
delivering oral hygiene information to patients have progressed over the years. Recent years have seen an increase in
the popularity of incorporating technology in delivering oral hygiene information and monitoring of oral hygiene
practices. The use of video-based instructions to web-based platforms such as Massive Open Online Course (MOOC)
and social media platforms such as YouTube, Instagram and TikTok have all become a mode of oral hygiene information
conveyance. Mobile apps are now a popular means to keep track of oral care practices such as toothbrushing frequency.
The active ingredients of oral care products have improved providing a greater anticariogenic and antiplaque effect to
the user as have the design of toothbrushes and even dental floss. In the future, more advanced technology may be used,
such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, to create intelligent machines that can help educate patients
on oral health maintenance and improvement.
2.Diskrepansi Saiz Gigi Intermaksila dan Kesannya terhadap Hasil Rawatan Ortodontik (Intermaxillary Tooth Size Discrepancies and Its Effect on Orthodontic Treatment Outcome)
ASMA ASHARI ; ASMAK SHAARI ; KHAIRIL AZNAN MOHAMED KHAN ; ASMA ALHUSNA ABANG ABDULLAH
Malaysian Journal of Health Sciences 2021;19(No.2):69-76
Intermaxillary tooth size discrepancy (TSD) is the disproportion in patients’ tooth size that is usually referred to the
Bolton analysis. This size imbalance may also affect the outcome of orthodontic treatment. Therefore, this retrospective
study was conducted to determine the prevalence of intermaxillary tooth size discrepancy (TSD) beyond 2 standard
deviation (2 SD) from Bolton’s mean in orthodontic patients and to evaluate the effect of TSD beyond 2 SD of Bolton’s
mean on orthodontic treatment outcomes. A total of 226 sets of orthodontic study models that met the selection criteria
were selected from 3077 orthodontic cases. Bolton's analysis of the anterior and overall ratios was performed on each
of the pre-treatment models. The orthodontic treatment outcomes for the cases which were identified of having TSD
beyond 2 SD were evaluated and any interventional techniques to improve the outcome of the treatment were recorded.
The results showed that 29.20% of cases had TSD beyond 2 SD of Bolton’s mean. 26.54% of cases had anterior ratio of
more than 2 SD. Meanwhile, 7.08% of cases had an overall ratio greater than 2 SD. Of all cases with TSD beyond 2 SP,
most of these cases (62.12%) had affected the outcome of orthodontic treatment. In conclusion, there is more than one
quarter of orthodontic patients present with TSD beyond 2 SD of Bolton’s mean which may influence the outcome of
orthodontic treatment. Intervention techniques should be carefully planned to achieve satisfactory treatment outcomes.
3.Methods of Instruction on Knowledge Retention Among Orthodontic Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Umi Mardhiyyah Mat Ali ; Asma Alhusna Abang Abdullah ; Nurul Asyikin Yahya
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 2020;16(No.3, September):79-84
Introduction: Delivering oral hygiene instruction is one of the integral parts of orthodontic treatment. However, there is scarce information regarding the impact of audiovisual method on knowledge retention among orthodontic patients. This study aimed to assess knowledge retention of the patient after instruction delivered in audiovisual (AV) method and compare it to the standard written and verbal (WV) method. Methods: This prospective clinical trial was conducted on 60 patients aged 13 to 40 years. They were randomized into the audiovisual group (n=30) and written & verbal group (n=30). Patients’ knowledge retention was measured using a self-administered questionnaire in Google form, immediately after instruction given as short-term retention and long-term retention for three timepoint, i.e., 1-month, 3-month, and 6-month. Results: There was a significant improvement in knowledge for both AV and WV methods at immediate and 1-month assessment and the knowledge retained until 6-month follow up. The AV method demonstrated a significantly higher increase in knowledge retention at immediate and 1-month than the WV method. Conclusion: The AV method was significantly more effective in improving patient's knowledge retention compared to the written & verbal methods. Repetition of instruction also influence the retention of knowledge.