No abstract available.
Anoxia* ; Neurons*

Unidirectional valve (UDV) malfunction causes rebreathing of expired gas during anesthesia. However, the resultant hypercarbia without hypoxemia by UDV malfunction is not easily detected. We experienced a case of severe hypercarbia which caused by sticking expiratory valve at 45 minutes after the induction of anesthesia, in spite of checking UDV function preoperatively. In this case, expiratory UDV malfunction was diagnosed with the change of capnographic waveform. And so, we recommend monitoring of capnographic waveform during every anesthesia, in addition to preoperative UDV checking.
Anesthesia ; Anoxia

Hypothesis that hypoxic tumors should be more responsive to the addition of preferential hypoxic cell cytotoxin SR 4233 (tirapazamine) to fractionated irradiation was tested in the mouse SCCVII carcinoma and RIF-1 sarcoma, Model of hypoxic tumor was established using the tumor bed effect; tumors growing in the preirradiated tissue (preirradiated tumors) were more hypoxic than tumors growing in the unirradiated tissue (unirradiated tumors). When the tumors reached a mean volume of 100 mmdegree, both unirradiated and preirradiated tumors were treated with a fractionated course of 62 Gy in 3 days or 8 2.5 Gy in 4days with SR 4233 (0.08 mmlo/kg/injuection) given 30 minutes before each irradiation or without SR 4233. Compared to the unirradiated tumors, hypoxic preirradiated tumors were approximately 5 times more resistant to fractionated irradiation alone but were approximately 5 times more responsive to SR 4233. Addition of SR 4233 potentiated the effect of fractionated irradiation in both unirradiated and preirradiated tumors. Potentiation in the preirradiated tumors was morequal to or greater than that in the unirradiated tumors and seemed to be higher for more fractionated treatment. We confirm the hypothesis in a transplantable mouse tumor. Present results suggest that radioresistance of some hypoxic tumors can be overcome with hypoxic cytotoxin.
Animals ; Anoxia ; Mice ; Sarcoma

Anoxia ; Oxygen* ; Recovery Room*

Animals ; Anoxia* ; Muscles* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Anoxia* ; Cochlea* ; Diuretics* ; Guinea*

We have experienced two cases of one lung anesthesia using univent tube for thoracie surgery. One was the bronchoplasty of the right upper lobe. The other was the left pneumonectomy. The movable endobronchial blocker was introduced into the aimed main bronchus applying the "tube rotation method", In the case of brochoplasty, arterial hypoxemia and hypercarbia has not been corrected well because of the partial obstruction of the carina by endobronchial blocker, but the neurologic complications due to these problems were not encountered. No significant problem has been encountered in the pneumonectomy case. Compared with the standard technique using a double lumen endobronchial tube, this method is simple, easy, effective and less traumatous.
Anesthesia* ; Anoxia ; Bronchi ; Lung* ; Pneumonectomy

Pulse oximetry is a noninvasive, reusable device that is being used routinely in anesthesia procedure for monitoring oxygen saturation. This is a very beneficial device that can quickly detect of hypoxia, the most common cause of anesthesia-related death. However, in clinical uses, false desaturation readings are frequently found to be caused by various factors. Such as by the use of intraoperative blue dye, which can falsely decrease oxygen saturation as determined by pulse oximetry. We therefore report our findings concerning prolonged decreased pulse oximetry readings due to the intraoperative use of blue dye subcutaneously.
Anesthesia ; Anoxia ; Oximetry* ; Oxygen ; Reading

BACKGROUND: Nitrous oxide is generally avoided in order to prevent either hypoxia or graft dislodgment during tympanoplasty. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of nitrous oxide on the bispectral index during sevoflurane anesthesia at the anesthetic dose. METHODS: The bispectral index was continually measured during nitrous oxide-oxygen-sevoflurane anesthesia, discontinuation of nitrous oxide and the reintroduction of nitrous oxide. RESULTS: The bispectral index of nitrous oxide-oxygen-sevoflurane anesthesia increased after discontinuing the nitrous oxide and decreased after its reintroduction. CONCLUSIONS: Nitrous oxide decreased the bispectral index of nitrous oxide-oxygen-sevoflurane anesthesia compared with oxygen-sevoflurane anesthesia at the anesthetic dose.
Anesthesia* ; Anoxia ; Nitrous Oxide* ; Transplants ; Tympanoplasty

To providean evidence tosupport thecalcium hypothesis ofcerebral ischemia, we examinedthe effectsoftheextracellular calciumandcalciumchelating agent(Bapta-AM), and magnesiumon in vitro ischemia usingrat hippocampal slices. Loss of the populationspike on thehippocampal CA1 region afterelectrical stimulation was usedas indexof damageon thesynaptictransmission andspike amplitudeof the population spikeas index ofrecovery level.Recovery from theloss of orthodromic responses aftertransient hypoxia in lowcalcium treated sliceswas more rapid than nontreated normal calciumslices, and remained robust for4 hours in slices exposed in lowcalcium, whileresponses inslices madehypoxic in normalcalcium remained depressed or more slowlyrecovered. There were statistical significant differences of amplitude between the two group at 5, 10 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minute after 10 minute hypoxia (p<0.05).To thelesserextent, similarresults wasobservedin calcium chelating agent, BAPTA-AM, treatedslices, with statistical significant difference at 10minute afterhypoxia(p<0.05). Butin additionto reducingcalcium, elevating magnesium levelwhich is knownas voltagedependent NMDA receptorblocker, did not improve recoverycompared to reducingcalcium alone. We concludethat recovery from the lossof function afterhypoxia was improved bydecreasing extracellular calcium concentration of neuronsand activation of NMDA receptorsprobably played no part in early neuronal damage.
Anoxia* ; Calcium* ; Ischemia ; Magnesium* ; N-Methylaspartate ; Neurons