Objective The physiological and biochemical changes were studied during the Panax notoginseng′s fruit development.Methods Dynamic changes of fruits size,fresh and dry weight,moisture content and soluble sugar,starch and protein contents were investigated.Results The moisture content was increased first and then dropped to 73.37% at maturity.The fresh and dry weight,starch and protein contents of P.notoginseng′s fruits were increased with the fruit development.The soluble sugar content was raised first,then decreased,and increased slightly at the lateral stage of fruit development.Conclusion The P.notoginseng′s fruits are mature at 80 d after peak anthesis;the decrease of moisture content is companied with the gradual increasing of fruit fresh and dry weight during the fruit development.The storage and utilization of nutrients in P.notoginseng′s fruits are closely related with the fruit development.

The impact of the pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, on the management of malignancies has posed several challenges. Gestational trophoblastic diseases, being considered highly curative, are categorized as emergent cases which need immediate intervention with a level I priority for chemotherapy for its malignant spectrum. These guidelines have been drawn up to assist in decision-making and the implementation of such are dependent on the capabilities of each institution combined with their local experience.

Objective To develop and verify a plaque method for detection of infectious titer of tick-borne encephalitis virus(TBEV)strain(PHKT strain for short)adapted to primary hamster kidney(PHK)cells.Methods PHK cells were infected with TBEV,a primary mouse brain adaption strain,and passed consecutively for 12 passages.The titer of PHKT was detected by plaque method(Monolayer BHK-21 cells were infected with PHKT of various passages at different dilution ratios,and the plaque number was calculated by neutral red staining)and challenge titration in mouse brain(Mice were challenged with PHKT of various passages at different dilution ratios through brain cavity,0.03 mL for each,observed continuously for 14 days,and calculated for the median lethal dose(LD50)by Reed-Muench method)respectively,and the correlation between the results of two methods was analyzed.The developed plaque method for the detection of TBEV titer was verified for specificity,repeatability and intermediate precision.Results The plaque titer of PHKT virus was up to8.9 lgPFU/mL;The correlation between the results of plaque method and mouse brain challenge titration method was good(r = 0.92);The specificity of plaque method for detecting infectious titer of PHKT virus was good,and the coefficients of variation(CVs)of repeatability and intermediate precision were both less than 5%.Conclusion A plaque method for detecting infectious titer of PHKT virus was developed,which may be used as an alternative method for challenge titration in mouse brain.

Objective To investigate the clinical features,pathological features and prognostic factors of young patients with endometrial cancer.Methods One hundred and ten cases of endometrial cancer under 40 in Jiangning Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 1st 2008 to January 1st 2012 were selected as the study group while one hundred and ten cases of cervical cancer over 40 in the same period as the control group.The clinical features and pathological features were compared between the two groups.Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to determine the prognostic factors.Results The occurrence rate of abnormal vaginal bleeding (74.5% (82/110)),vaginal drainage (22.7% (25/110)) and infertility (38.2% (42/110)) in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (59.1%(65/110),4.5%(5/110),3.6%(4/110),χ2=4.30,12.23,16.53,P<0.05),while the production time ((1.2±0.6) times),combination of hypertension (2.7% (3/110)) and diabetes (1.8% (2/110)) were significantly lower than those in the control group ((2.3±0.9)times,14.5% (16/110),10.0%(11/110),t=-5.69,χ2=23.61,8.26,P<0.05).The histological classification of the two groups was mainly based on endometrioid adenocarcinoma,and the pathological types were mainly based on adenocarcinoma,the differences were not statistically significant (χ2=0.75,1.56,P>0.05).There were differences in histology,PR,muscle,and lymph node metastases (χ2=5.39,4.29,4.89,P<0.05).Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in young patients with endometrial cancer showed that histology,PR and muscle metastasis were independent risk factors for the prognosis of young endometrial cancer patients.Conclusion There are differences in clinical features and pathological features between young and elderly endometrial cancer patients.The census and prevention among young women should be strengthened and the individualized treatment and the prevention and control system should be upgraded.

Galectin-3, encoded by LGALS3 (14q21-22) and secreted by normal cells and tumor cells, is a member of Galectin family and can be detected both in serum and plasma. Galectin-3 is considered to be an important indicator of the assessment of the patients with malignant tumor and heart failure. The high expression of Galectin-3 may be correlated with poor response to chemotherapy, high recurrence rate, low survival rate and short survival period, which can be a prognostic marker in some solid tumors, including thyroid cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer. Foreign studies have found that the high expression of Galectin-3 in many kinds of malignant tumors is closely related to the prognosis of the disease. In this paper, the correlation between Galectin-3 and blood tumors is reviewed to study the expression of Galectin-3 in the blood tumors and its relationship with the occurrence, development and prognosis of the tumor, and to explore the theoretical basis for the targeted therapy of Galectin-3.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for specified labeling of medication information on pregnant women in drug in-structions of anti-diabetic drugs. METHODS:All of drug instructions of anti-diabetic drugs in DXY Drugs Information were collect-ed, the medication information labeling on pregnant women was analyzed. RESULTS:Among 166 drug instructions, 147 (88.55%)had listed the item ofdrug use for pregnant and lactating womenalone,and labeled with the drug information on preg-nant women;14(8.43%)had listed the item too,but labeled with no or limited clinical data,and whether pregnant women could use or not was not suggested;5(3.01%)didn't have the item. About without guidance of drug use,there were 3(1.81%)drug in-structions missed guidance,and 14(8.43%)with no or limited clinical data. About with guidance of drug use,49(29.52%)were labeled with forbidden for pregnant women;40(24.1%)were labeled with can't/not suitable/should not be used for pregnant wom-en;49 (29.52%) were labeled with cautious/not recommend/weighed the pros and cons/benefits greater than the risk/consulted a doctor for pregnant women;and 11(6.63%)were labeled with being safe/being not restricted for pregnant women. In the 166 drug instructions,26,which were from foreign pharmaceutical companies,had listed the item ofdrug use for pregnant and lactating womenalone,as well as labeled the guidance of drug use for pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS:The labeling of domestic drug instructions shows inadequate drug information on pregnant women,non-uniform guidance statements,lag of update and other prob-lems,which should be attached to great importance by drug supervision and management departments,as well as pharmaceutical production enterprises.

Objective To compare the effects of pressure controlled ventilation and volume controlled ventilation on perioperative blood loss of patients with posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF).Methods According to the random number table method,a total of 88 patients scheduled to PLIF were allocated into two groups,44 cases per groups.Patients received respectively pressure controlled ventilation and volume controlled ventilation in pressure controlled ventilation group (PCV group) and volume controlled ventilation group (VCV group).Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP),heart rate (HR) and central venous pressure (CVP) were continuously monitored at anesthesia induction immediately (T0),10min after supine position to prone position (T1),skin suture immediately (T2),10min after prone position to supine position (T3) and when tracheal extubation (T4).Hemoglobin (Hb) and hematokrit (HCT) were tested from T0 to T4 in the two groups.Respiratory parameters were recorded from T0 to T3 in the two groups.Intraoperative blood loss and blood loss at 96h after operation patients were recorded.Allogeneic blood transfusion,volume of fluid input and the rate of secondary surgery to stop th bleeding were recorded in the two groups.Results Compared to VCV group,peak inspimtory pressure (PIP) from T1 to T3 were all significantly lower (P ＜0.05) in PCV group.There was no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05) in MAP,HR,tidal volume,respiratory rate (RR),PaO2/FiO2 and PaCO2 between the two groups.There was no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05) in Hb and Hct at different time points between the two groups.Compared to VCV group,intraoperative blood loss,plasma infusions and red blood cell infusions were al significantly lower (P ＜ 0.05) in PCV group.Conclusion PCV can decrease intraoperative blood loss of patients with PLIF,which may be related to lower PIP during operation.

Metaphor contains double system: surface layer,mainly about the phonic system of language,and deep layer,about concept system of thinking.Metaphor language has profound humanistic education value,and metaphor thinking has cognition and creation function.

Parturition ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Malaysia ; Pregnancy ; Midwifery

Objective To analyze the clinical significance of ECG changes in postures in the judgment of pathological atrioventricular block.Methods 62 patients with primary atrioventricular block were diagnosed by ECG examination.According to the complication,there were 31 cases with complication and 31 cases without complication.The two groups were taken sitting and squatting (1 min squat exercise,immediately lying position) ECG examination,the ECG abnormalities of the two groups were compared.Results In the comorbidity group,among the 31 patients,sitting electrocardiogram P-R interval returned to normal in 9 cases,abnormal in 22 cases,the normal rate was 29.0％ (9/31).Among the 22 cases of abnormal patients,squatting electrocardiogram P-R interval returned to normal in 1 case,abnormal in 21 cases,the normal rate was 4.5％ (1/22).Sitting,squatting electrocardiogram PR interval total returned to normal rate was 32.3％ (10/31).In the no complications group,among the 31 patients,sitting electrocardiogram PR interval returned to normal in 21 cases,abnormal in 10 cases,the normal rate was 67.7％ (21/31).Among the 10 cases of abnormal patients,squatting electrocardiogram P-R interval returned to normnal in 4 cases,abnormal in 6 cases,the normal rate was 40.0％ (4/10).Sitting,squatting electrocardiogran P-R interval total returned to normal rate was 80.7％ (25/31).Conclusion ECG changes in postures can early effectively determine the pathological and functional atrioventricular block.