OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between trace elements and auditory function in the deafness children among ethnic minorities in Urumchi.

METHODSThere were 27 deaf-muted children in this study and 30 children with normal hearing as control. Sample of serum and hair from two groups were collected, and we tested 17 kinds of trace elements by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer and inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer.

RESULTSThe content of trace elements in serum including Zn, Cu, Fe, Cd, Se, V and Pb from deaf-muted group was more higher than that of control group (P < 0.01), however, other trace elements including Mn, Sr, Sn, and Bi was much lower than that of control group (P < 0.01). Then, the content of those trace elements including Ba, Cr, Ag, Co, Ti, and Ni in serum from both testing and control groups was found no significant difference with each other (P > 0.05). On the other hand, the content of the trace elements including Sn and Se in hairs from deaf-muted group was more higher than that of control group (P < 0.05), but the content of the trace elements including Zn, Fe, Co, Mn, Sr, V, Pb, Ni, Cr, Ti and Ba in hairs from deaf-muted group was much lower than that of control group (P < 0.05), while the content of the trace element including Cu, Ag, Cd, and Bi in hairs from deaf-muted group was found no significant difference between each other (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe content of some trace elements in serum and hairs of deaf-muted children is found a significant difference compared with children with normal hearing. This study indicates that some trace elements may relate to auditory function among ethnic minorities in Urumchi.

Adolescent ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Deafness ; epidemiology ; ethnology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Hair ; chemistry ; Humans ; Male ; Minority Groups ; Students ; Trace Elements ; analysis

OBJECTIVE: Discussion of lung function changes in patients with allergic rhinitis and its clinical significance. METHOD: Using UNICAP100 allergen detector testing 64 patients of allergic rhinitis without asthma symptoms, testing the value of serum total IgE and using immunofluorescence methods for testing inhalation allergen, simultaneously checking the pulmonary function and bronchial provocation. Checking the lung function of 64 patients with non-symptoms of allergic rhinitis in other departments (control group), lung function were compared into two groups of patients. RESULT: In the allergic rhinitis group, 37 patients had abnormal lung function (57.81%), 8 cases in them had obstructive pulmonary ventilation, 12 cases had small airway dysfunction, 31 cases had increased airway resistance respectively. In the control group 15 patients (23.44%) had pulmonary function abnormalities, 2 cases had obstructive pulmonary ventilation, 4 cases had small airway dysfunction, 11 cases had increased airway resistance respectively. Changes in lung function compared in the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Allergic rhinitis patients with abnormal lung function bronchial provocation test positive rate was significantly higher than the normal lung function in patients with allergic rhinitis, there had statistically significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION After checking the lung function of non-asthmatic symptom patients with allergic rhinitis, we could find abnormal lung function patients of allergic rhinitis and do bronchial provocation test in them, there has important clinical significance of early detection and treatment the patients of allergic rhinitis with bronchial asthma.
Adult ; Bronchial Hyperreactivity ; physiopathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nasal Septum ; abnormalities ; Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVE To comprehensively evaluate four weekly preparations of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist （GLP-1RA） marketed in China，and to provide evidence for hospitals to optimize drug catalogs and clinical rational drug use. METHODS Mini health technology assessment method was used to establish detailed evaluation rules according to A Quick Guideline for Drug Evaluation and Selection in Chinese Medical Institutions， and conduct comprehensive evaluation of four GLP- 1RA weekly preparations from aspects of pharmaceutical characteristics， effectiveness， safety， economy and other attributes. RESULTS Mini health technology assessment scores of the four GLP-1RA weekly preparations from high to low were dulaglutide 78.60 points， semaglutide 77.35 points，polyethylene glycol loxenatide 67.40 points， and exenatide microspheres 65.50 points， respectively. Dulaglutide had advantages in reducing blood sugar， arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease， kidney benefits， and cost- effectiveness. Semaglutide had advantages in reducing blood sugar and weight loss， but its cost-effectiveness was lower than that of dulaglutide. Exenatide microspheres had advantages in the use of children， but its daily average treatment cost is the highest. Polyethylene glycol loxenatide needed further clinical evidence. CONCLUSIONS Four GLP-1RA weekly preparations all have high pharmaceutical comprehensive scores. Dulaglutide and semaglutide may have more comprehensive pharmaceutical value among them， while the use of exenatide microspheres for children is unique.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic effect of drug treatment for patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) accompanied with feeling of ear fullness (FEF).

METHODSA prospective clinical multicenter research was carried out from August 2007 to October 2011. SSNHL patients aged between 18 to 65 years old and accepted no medication were recruited, with a duration less than two weeks. The patients were divided into four types according to the hearing curve: type A was acute SSNHL in low tone frequencies, type B was acute SSNHL in high tone frequencies, type C was acute SSNHL in all frequencies, and type D was total deafness. Each type was subdivided into two groups by the accompaniment of SEF or not. And each type had four different treatment programs, based on the unified designed randomized table. All patients were followed up for four weeks from the initial examination.

RESULTSA total of 1 024 cases with single side SSNHL were recruited in the study from 33 hospitals in China, including 565 cases accompanied with FEF (55.18%), and 459 cases without FEF (44.82%). By classification of audiogram, 205 cases were type A (20.20%), of whom 122 were accompanied with FEF (59.51%); 141 cases belonged to type B (13.77%), of whom 74 were accompanied with FEF (52.48%); 402 cases were type C (39.25%), of whom 229 were accompanied with FEF (56.97%); and 276 cases were classified as type D (26.95%), of whom 140 were accompanied with FEF (50.72%). No significant difference was observed in total effective rate between the SSNHL patients accompanied with FEF or not in four acoustic types (P > 0.05). Among four acoustic types, the clinical cure rate of patients accompanied with FEF in type A was 93.44%, ranking the first; followed by 84.28% for type C; 75.71% for type D; and 70.27% for type B, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSThe therapeutic effect for patients accompanied with FEF in type A is satisfactory. The presence of FEF do not impact the therapeutic effect for SSNHL patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; therapy ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; therapy ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Young Adult