96 under 6-year-old children in Tu Liem and Gia Lam districts Hanoi were diagnosed as tracheal V.A. V.A children with pathogene bacteria make up a high rate, especially in the age 4-6. The common pathogene microorganisms in V.A children are H.influenzae, S. pneumoniae, S.pyogenes and S.aureus, among them the most common are H. influenza and S. pneumonia. A high rate of bacterial strains was sensitive experimentally to antibiotics, especially to norfloxacin. Antibiotic resistance to ampicillin, bactrim, chloramphenicol and erthromycine was reported. Most VA children are living in the house holds using charcoal, petroleum for cooking, and living with smoker parents
Child ; Bacteria ; Bacteriology

An analysis was conducted at some big Hospital in Ha Noi on 60 species of E.coli isolated from intestinal fluid and urine of the patients infected in bile duct and urological tract. Results showed that E.coli strains with or without afa gene causing infection of bile duct were rather resistant highly to ampicillin, and chloramphenicol, but sensitive to amikacin, cefataemi, norfloxacin. These E.coli infecting to urological tract and was resistant highly to ampicillin and chloramphenicol. Particulary, E.coli without afagene was resistant co-trimoxazole with higher percentage (72,7-58,3%).
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Escherichia coli ; Surgery

From Nov. 1999 to April 2000, at Ha Noi Centre of Vereno-Dermatology, 365 samples isolated from patients of all ranges of age were studied, using the procedures of antibiogramme to determine the sensitivity of antibiotics to blennorrhagic agent. Results: 65 positive cases (17.8%), among them patients aged 16-40 account for highest positive rate (27.3%). Gonococcus has relatively high resistance to Penicillin (75.4%), then tetracyclin (21.5%), ciprofloxacin (6.2%). The resistance to Kanamycin (18.5%), Nalidizic acide (10.8%), Chloramphenicol (7.7%), Erythromycine (1.5%) were recorded. Multiresistance to 2 antibiotics had the highest rate: PG-TE (16.9%), PG-KA (15.4%), to 3 antibiotics PG-KA-NA (4.6%) was noted. There is no resistance to Ceftriaxon, Spectinomycin, Cephalexin
Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; Neisseria ; Gonorrhea

At the Department of Communicabe Disease of Ha Noi – Dong Da Hospital 546 patients (52 dengue fever (DF) patients and 44 dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) patients were studied. IgM antibody was quantified by ELISA, blood count by 680 plus device. Results: a leucopenia (<4000) 24.2% in DF and 15.9% in DHF. Thrombocytopenia 51.2% in DF. In DF, 81.8% exerted an antibody response; in DHF there were a high rate of stimulating lympho cells (84.1%), there is 100% correlation between stimulating lympho cell and IgM antibody response
Dengue ; Hemorrhagic Septicemia, Viral ; Diseases

The study was performed on 727 currently working and retied officials in Thai Binh province to evaluate reality of hypertension. Results: the overall percentage of hypertension was 51% and tended to increase gradually by age- groups: < 60 years of age accounted for 8.8%; 60-70 years of age 14.7%; over 70 years of age 27.5%. The rate of hypertension in males was more than females. Hypertension level 1 accounted for 25.45%, level II 15.4% and level III 10.8%. The rate of hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy was 21%, coronary insufficiency 18.59% and heart rhythm disorder 3.5%. The rate of coronary insufficiency, left ventricular hypertrophy and heart rhythm disorder in hypertension level I group were 10.8%, 4.86%, 1.6%, respectively, lower than hypertension level II group (37.8%, 47.2%, 6.8%, respectively)
Hypertension ; Epidemiology

Taking the residuary on brushes without soaking germicide solution at 5 operative rooms at surgical department, Saint Paul Hospital, Ha Noi. The number of studied brushes was 216, of residuary was 348. Before soaking into germicide solution, 100% washing brushes of A operative room and general operative room all had pathogenic bacteria, among which aerobic bacterium accounted for high rate (35.5%). The antiseptic effect of permanganate 1‰ and chloramine 5% by the time 5, 10, 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes was similar. But at the time of 2 minutes the effect of permanganate 1‰ was better than chloramine 5%.
Surgery ; Renalin ; Solutions

Bronchogenic cyst is usually located in the mediastinum and lung parenchyma, but retroperitoneal ones are extremely rare. Most of bronchogenic cysts are benign and asymptomatic. The author reported a case of retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst in an 11 year old girl who complained of epigastric pain. Ultrasonography, CT scan and MRI studies revealed a retroperitoneal cystic mass, about 4cm in diameter, containing turbid fluid, along the right crus of the diaphragm, adjacent to abdominal aorta. Pathological analysis confirmed the bronchogenic cyst with components of smooth muscle, respiratory epithelium, cartilage and submucous glands of the cyst wall, hemorrhage and leukocyte infiltration. Postoperative outcomes were good, the patient discharged at the 12th day
Bronchogenic Cyst ; Child

From December 1999 to April 2001, a survey performed in Dong Da Hospital (Ha Noi) showed that in aseptic operation room, asmosphere met 90% of the standard criterion, and in ordinary operation room 80%. In post operation rooms and resuscitation room high possibility of microbiological pollution was noted. 10 examinations showed the number of anaerobic bacteria on 1m3 of air is over the permissible criterion. In 2 operating rooms and post operative room, 100% of intact surgical instruments draining tubes and perfusion tubes are met the demand, while aspirators and rolling cars are polluted. 11 on 30 patients (36.7%) had any bacteria in the operated lesion. There is some rate of pollution in the cloths and the fingers of patients (33.3% and 26.7% respectively) and there is some rate of bacterial infested in the skin area of infection and installation of drain (10% and 20% respectively)
Cross Infection ; Bacteria ; Infection

The author involved in the National Leprosy Elimination Program (NLEP) in Papua New Guinea (PNG) as a WHO consultant has studied the epidemiological status of the disease from 1980 -2000. The result are shown as follow: - Before implementing multi-drug therapy (MDT), the prevalence rate (PR) of the disease was very high (28.1 per 10,000 population). - After 5 years of MDT introduction, the registered cases reduced dramatically and PR declined to 50%. - Distribution of leprosy was even in the different areas. This related possibly to environment, hygiene, living condition and health net work. - After 10 years of implementing the NLEP, PNG has reached already the goal of leprosy elimination with PR less than 1 per 10,000. - MTD has proved to be very effective in treatment of leprosy. It has important role in changing epidemiological status of leprosy in PNG
leprosy ; Leprosy, Lepromatous

Investigation 54 E.coli strains isolated from nosocomial infection. The results as follows: - Only 46 of 54 E.coli strains were frequent positive with the afa pair of prime (85.2%). None of them have both afa and virulent genes for diarrhea. - Antibiotic resistance of E.coli (it was frequent afa positive) with ampicillin (80.4%), co-trimoxazol (58.7%) and cephalothin (56.5%). Antibiotic susceptibility of E.coli (it was frequent afa positive) with amikacin (97.8%), chloramphenicol (87.0%), gentamicin (71.7%) and norfloxacin (67.4%).
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Aspirin ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; aged