1.Supratentorial extradural hematoma secondary to intracranial hypotension following spinal cerebrospinal fluid release: A case report and review of literature
TJ Aniruddha ; A Arivazhagan ; BA Chandramouli
Neurology Asia 2013;18(3):331-336
Closed continuous lumbar subarachnoid drainage is an accepted strategy in the management of
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks. Post lumbar drain haematoma as a complication has been reported in
various planes including intraventricular, subdural, subarachnoid, intraparenchymal and spinal extradural
locations, most often in patients receiving anticoagulants. Supratentorial extradural haematoma secondary
to intracranial hypotension due to spinal CSF drainage are extremely rare and have been reported
in a few cases. We present a rare case of near fatal fronto-temporo-parietal extradural haematoma
following a lumbar CSF drain and review the literature. We report a 50 year old lady who developed
CSF rhinorrhea following trans-sphenoidal decompression of non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma.
A lumbar CSF drainage was placed to manage the CSF leak. She became unconscious within 24 hours
of placement of lumbar drain and an urgent CT scan demonstrated a large supratentorial extradural
hematoma which required an emergency evacuation. A review of the five previously reported similar
cases was performed in the light of the present case and salient features highlighted. The present report
emphasizes the fact that a simple procedure like lumbar CSF drainage can have rare life threatening
complications and needs immediate recognition and management.
2.CRISPR/Cas9 Edited sRAGE-MSCs Protect Neuronal Death in Parkinson's Disease Model
Jaesuk LEE ; Delger BAYARSAIKHAN ; Roshini ARIVAZHAGAN ; Hyejung PARK ; Byungyoon LIM ; Peter GWAK ; Goo Bo JEONG ; Jaewon LEE ; Kyunghee BYUN ; Bonghee LEE
International Journal of Stem Cells 2019;12(1):114-124
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a fatal and progressive degenerative disease of the nervous system. Until recently, its promising treatment and underlying mechanisms for neuronal death are poorly understood. This study was investigated to identify the molecular mechanism of neuronal death in the substantia nigra and corpus striatum of PD. METHODS: The soluble RAGE (sRAGE) secreting Umbilical Cord Blood—derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell (UCB-MSC) was generated by gene editing method using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9). These cells were transplanted into Corpus Striatum of rotenone-induced PD animal models then behavioral test, morphological analysis, and immunohistochemical experiments were performed to determine the neuronal cell death and recovery of movement. RESULTS: The neuronal cell death in Corpus Striatum and Substantia Nigra was dramatically reduced and the movement was improved after sRAGE secreting UCB-MSC treatment in PD mice by inhibition of RAGE in neuronal cells. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that sRAGE secreting UCB-MSC based therapeutic approach could be a potential treatment strategy for neurodegenerative disease including PD.
Animals
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Behavior Rating Scale
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Cell Death
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Corpus Striatum
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Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
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Methods
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Mice
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Microglia
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Models, Animal
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Nervous System
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Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Neurons
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Parkinson Disease
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Rage
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Substantia Nigra
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Umbilical Cord