Thyroid carcinoma is the most frequent endocrine cancer.Recently, it has been discovered that telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutation can prevent cell tolemeres from shortening, leading to cell immortalization and plays an important role in the tumor genesis, invasiveness and metastasis of the thyroid carcinoma.Testing of telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutation is of great value in diagnosis, which also can be used as a prognostic maker of thyroid carcinoma.

Rhoptry proteins are the major virulence factors of Toxoplasma gondii. They locate in different parts of the host cells and can affect the membrane cytoskeleton structure and active factors of the host cells so as to block the cell intrinsic de-fense mechanisms of the host and let T. gondii invade parasitize and proliferate in the host successfully. The function and ac-tion mode of rhoptry proteins reflect the pathogenic mechanism of T. gondii which holds great significance to looking for toxo-plasmosis drug targets and developing molecule vaccines. This paper reviews the research progess of the interaction between rhoptry proteins of T. gondii and host cells.

Atrial Fibrillation ; pathology ; Humans ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A

Toxoplasma gondii rhoptry proteins (ROPs) include dozens of proteins secreted by tachyzoites ,these ROPs are known to be critical for several processes such as invasion ,parasitophorous vacuole establishment ,proliferation ,egress and getting out of host immune protection .ROPs belong to the protein kinase family and have classic kinase domain ,however ,most of the members are designated as pseudokinases due to the lack of critical catalytic residues that are normally required for phos-phorylation of host signal molecules .Recent studies indicated that pseudokinases also have important functions ,such as regula-ting kinase activity by allosteric and promoting the interactions between proteins as scaffolds .In this paper ,we summarize the pseudokinases structural characteristics and some pseudokinases functions ,for the study of toxop lasma gondii and host interac-tion mechanisms ,molecular vaccines screening and drugs design .

Objective To explore the feasibility of mouse muscle-derived cells with adenovirus-mediated expression of BMP-2 in the treatment of mouse tibia bone defect via collagen sponge as scaffold. Methods Mouse adenovirus BMP-2 plasmids were prepared and identified by PCR.The adherent cells of muscle-derived stem cells cultured in vitro were passaged,cells of the third generation were selected,and recombinant Ad-BMP-2 plasmids were expressed and incubated in mouse myoblasts.The number of BMP-2 positive cells was measured using indirect immunofluorescence method,and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) method was adopted to determine the cell activity in each group.The mouse models of proximal tibial bone defect were established(n=80) and were divided into Ad-BMP-2 transfection group,Ad-LacZ transfection group,blank group and Ad-BMP-2 implantation group.The histological and radiological changes were observed 3 weeks after operation. Results It was revealed by indirect immunofluorescence that BMP-2 positive cells were frequently found in Ad-BMP-2 transfection group,while none were observed in Ad-LacZ transfection group and blank group.The ALP activity was higher in Ad-BMP-2 transfection group,while that was extremely low in Ad-LacZ transfection group and blank group.There was most typical imaging of repair and healing of bone defect in Ad-BMP-2 transfection group,followed by Ad-BMP-2 implantation group,while there was no typical imaging in Ad-LacZ transfection group and blank group. Conclusion The constructed Ad-BMP-2 plasmids can effectively transfect mouse muscle-derived cells,and the transfected cells can continuously express effective amount of BMP-2.The mouse muscle-derived cells with adenovirus-mediated expression of BMP-2 play a definite role in the treatment of bone defect,which provides an effective method and material for clinical application.

Liver metastasis is the advanced stage of gastric cancer,which is a leading cause of death.Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an alternative method of comprehensive treatment in patients with gastric cancer liver metastasis due to its advantages of safety,minimal invasion and repetition.The efficacy of RFA alone,the efficacy of the combined treatment of RFA with other therapies and prognostic factors of RFA in gastric cancer liver metastasis were reviewed in this article.

BACKGROUND: With the improvement of biomaterial and further recognition in aetabular revision, the main tendency is using biologic prosthesis for mild or moderate acetabular bone defect in total hip revision. OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect of simple particulate bone grafting on mild or moderate acetabular bone defect in total hip revision. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A retrospective case analysis. All cases were from Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University from June 2003 to June 2008. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 10 patients with mild or moderate acetabular bone defect who received total hip revision were from Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University. Among them, there were 5 male and 5 female, with an average of 58.8 years old from 43 to 77 years old. Their last replace time were 3-10 years, with an average of (7.0?0.5) years. Two of them in the last replacement used cement components, three used cementless, four used mixture, and one used dipolar artificial thigh bone. According to AAOS typing, there were 6 cases of type Ⅰ and 4 cases of type Ⅱ. The average preoperative Harris hip joint score was 40.6. METHODS: Simple particulate bone grafting combined with biologic prosthesis was used to treat the 10 patients with mild or moderate acetabular defects. All operations were at the posterolateral approach. The acetabular cup and screw fixation were performed after grafting. The postoperative effect should be evaluated by clinical and X-ray manifestations. MAIN OBJECTIVE INDEX: The bone grafting time, bleeding volume, Harris score and complications in the perioperative period were recorded. RESULTS: All patients were adopted simple particulate bone grafting combined with biologic prosthesis to reconstruct the acetabular bone defects. One acetalum cup was found loose after one month. The titanium plate combined with particulate bone grafting was used in the second revision. At 3 months after operation, the patient could walk without crutch. No complication was found in other patients. An average of 3 years following-up was obtained. The average Harris score was 87.0. Except one acetalum cup was found loose, the X-ray showed that the bed of acetabulum and particulate bone was good healing and there was no complete transparent zone. There was no patient with displacement of acetalum cup. No osteolysis in any patient. The particulate bone and host bone had a good healing. CONCLUSION: The simple particulate bone grafting is simple and effective for mild or moderate acetabular bone defects with the good follow-up result in early period.

Humans ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; surgery ; therapy

20 cases of artificial total hip joint rebuilding were selected, all of which were unilateral total hip joint rebuilding. Harris scores before and after the surgery and hip joint activity evaluation were carried out to the pa-tients. The average follow-up duration was 1 to 2 years. Up to the last follow-up,the activity of hip joint had been obviously improved compared with that before the operation. Through X-ray, the phenomena such as radiolucent zone around the prosthesis,prosthesis shift or osteolysis around the prosthesis haven't been seen. The short-term clinical effect of artificial total hip joint rebuilding was obvious for patients with hailure of first total hip joint re-placement caused by various reasons.

Objective To explore the clinical value of the ten-point scale in the early diagnosis of fat embolism syndrome.Methods The data of 129 patients with fat embolism syndrome diagnosed by Gurd criteria admitted from January 1993 to February 2012 were analyzed retrospectively.At the same time,another 97 patients with single or multiple long bone fracture and/or pelvic fracture without fat embolism admitted from July 2005 to February 2012 were enrolled as control group.Patients were excluded if they had any of the following diseases:simple brain trauma,thoracic injury,spine fracture,hemorrhagic shock and the complications of cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation (CPCR).The patients of two groups were comparable in respect of clinical setting.The clinical data were analyzed and scored by the ten-point scale.The x2 test were applied to statistical works.Results Among all the clinical characteristics,the incidence of increased D-dimer was the highest (74.1％) in early fat embolism syndrome,followed by the progressive decrease in hemoglobin (63.6％) and hypoxemia (57.4％),and the occurrence of dyspnea was the lowest (17.8％).The percentage of total scores over ten points in patients with fat embolism syndrome group was higher than that in those without fat embolism syndrome (x2 =202.6,P ＜ 0.01).The sensitivity of tenpoint scale was 96.12％ and the specificity was 99.8％.Conclusions Ten-point scale could be used to make early diagnosis of fat embolism syndrome,thereby reducing the occurrence of misdiagnosis and misseddiagnosis.