With rapid ageing population,the extensive application of mechanical ventilation and development of organ transplantation,infection caused by gram-negative (G-) bacilli,which have become the common pathogens causing nosocomial (especially ICU) infection,has increased and accounted for more than 65% of the hospital acquired infections.Severe infections in intensive care units are usually caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter sp.,Enterobacteriaceae bacteria and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,presenting challenges to the treatment.In addition,drug-resistant G-bacilli strains have increased year by year,accompanying with appearance of muti-drug resistant and pan-resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii.Several pathways may lead to drug resistance of G-bacilli,including permeability changes in ectal membrane,reformation of penicillin-binding protein,enhancement in level of pump MexAB-OprM,overproduction of antibiotic modification enzymes such as cephalosporinase,new type of beta-lactamases especially extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs),AmpC beta-lactamase and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC).Clinical work is facing the challenges caused by drug resistance of G-bacilli,so the isolation and cultivation of pathogenic bacteria,drug sensitivity test in vitro,monitoring of drug resistance and researches on resistant mechanism should be enhanced,and proper antibiotics should be selected for treatment of G-bacilli infection.Polymyxin is recommended,if necessary,for treatment of multi-and pan-resistance G-bacilli infection,meanwhile the adverse effects of polymyxin treatment should be closely monitored.

On the basis of summarizing the general situation of current internal and external network construction of hospitals,the paper introduces the main hidden dangers of hospital network security,puts forward internal and external network security management measures,and elaborates the internal and external network security construction principle,network topology structure,and network construction achievements of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University.

Humans ; Spirituality

Objective To evaluate CT features and diagnostic value of fungus infection of paranasal sinuses. Methods CT findings in 16 patients with fungus infection of paranasal sinuses proved surgically and pathologically were analyzed.Results CT findings of fungus infection of paranasal sinuses included: unilateral involved, maxillary sinus was mainly affected or other paranasal sinuses involved simaltaneously, the soft tissue within paranasal sinuses presented as hyperplasia of nodule and polyp-like, and there were some punctuated and tubercular calcification inside .Sinus cavity enlarged and the bone wall was destroyed in some cases. Conclusion CT manifestations of fungus infection of paranasal sinuses are of characteristics, CT scan is of important value in diagnosing this disease.

Virtual Reality is just emerging as an accepted scientific discipline. It has been widely used in medicine. The major applications of virtual reality for medicine are introduced from three areas :virtual humans,the fusion of virtual humans with real humans and virtual telemedicine. The advanced graphics behind medical virtual reality,such as computational demands,hardware and software environments is briefly discussed. This article also gives a summary of existing distributed VR systems.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of recombinant T-bet adenovirus (AdT-bet) on airway inflammation in mice with asthma, and to explore the relevant mechanisms. Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly allocated into 4 groups with 12 mice each. The asthmatic model was reproduced in group A, B and C by administration of ovalbumin (OVA) in aluminum hydroxide. Mice in group A, B and C received 50?l AdT-bet (108pfu) and AdLacZ and PBS, respectively, 19 days prior to OVA challenge. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected on the 26th day after the induction of asthma for the determination of the cellular composition and concentrations of IL-4, IL-5 and IFN ?. Meanwhile, IgE content in serum was determined. The pathological changes and the expression of GATA-3 in the lungs of these mice were investigated. Results The percentage of eosinophils (EOS) and concentrations of IL-4 and IL-5 in BALF of group A were 0.6%?0.2%, 6.8?3.7pg/ml, 12.5?4.8pg/ml, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in group B (20.9%?6.8%, 92.4?23.0pg/ml, 56.5?11.8pg/ml) and group C (20.8%?6.7%, 90.4?22.8pg/ml, 57.3?12.2pg/ml, P

Objective: To investigate the expression of survivin in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and analyze its relationship with clinic opathological features and the expression of p53. Methods: The expression of survivin and p53 in 61 cases of NSCLC were detected by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies against human survivin protein and P53, respectively. Results: The expression of survivin in NSCLC could be detected in cytoplasm and/or in nucleus. The overall immunoreactivity was found in 77.0% (47/61) of tumors. Cytoplasmic, nuclear and both immunoreactivities were present in 26.2% (16/61), 8.2% (5/61) and 42.62%(26/61) respectively. The cytoplasmic and nuclear immunoreactivities in squamous cell carcinoma (57.6%, 19/33) were higher than that in adenocarcinoma (25%, 7/28) and there was significant difference (P

Objective To study the clinical features and methods of early diagnosis of juvenile ankylosing spondylitis(JAS). Methods Twenty-four cases with JAS were prospectively analyzed and followed up. Results Among these 24 cases, ratio of male to female was 11∶1.The onset age was 8 to 15 years (mean 12 years). 63% cases aged 12~15 years. 63% cases had peripheral arthritis, 25% hips involved and only 2 patients (9%) had low back pain at onset . Eleven cases (46%) fulfilled modified New York diagnostic criteria for AS and 21 cases (88%) fulfilled the Shantou diagnostic criteria for AS. Additional 3 cases (13%) fulfilled the Shantou diagnostic criteria for AS after 2 years follow-up. Conclusion 90% cases with JAS has peripheral arthritis and hip involvement at onset. The Shantou diagnostic criteria for AS has higher sensitivity than modified New York diagnostic criteria for AS.

The virtual reality teaching system of human skeletal anatomy developed in this paper is based on the advanced personal computer and uses the stereo glasses of ELSA 3D REVELATOR, mouse and keyboard to make up the human-computer interface. Using this system, students can take apart and assemble the skeleton, grasp single bone to rotate and zoom, learn the human skeletal anatomy in a vivid environment, and thus know more about motion physiology.

A novel approach of vaccination against cancer is to exploit dendritic cells (DC) as the best antigen presenting cells (APC) and actively immunize cancer patients with a sample of autologous or allogeneic DC primed with tumor antigens. DC vaccination is still at its early stage, however, valuable proofs of concept have been obtained with respect to the capacity of DC to expand cancer directed immune responses. The methods for preparing DC are being improved continuously, and there are many opportunities to improve efficacy at the level of DC biology. An increased number of clinical studies will drive the development of this new area. This paper reviews the production of dendritic cell tumor vaccines and their use in clinical trials, as well as emphasizes some unresolved questions in this immunotherapy.