Health Services

The health insurance is effective tool in making the health policies in many countries suffered a disease is sudden event and unpredictable. Therefore, it should have a system for sharing the hazard. This is a foundation of the health insurance system. The system help predicting the hazard level in the range of the large community.
Health services ; Insurance, Health

The health of adolescents in Papua New Guinea requires urgent attention. At stake is the health and wellbeing of a sizeable proportion of a generation. Adolescence is defined by the World Health Organization as occurring between the ages of 10 and 19 years. For many this can be a time of working through issues and progressing their education to become happy, well-rounded adults. But young people without adequate guidance and education are vulnerable to negative influences and risk-taking, and these can have adverse consequences for health and wellbeing in the short and long term. Many adolescents with chronic mental or physical health currently do not get the services they need. This paper briefly outlines disease burdens for adolescents, and the challenges for health and education services.
Health services administration, Child health services

Background: The recently enacted Universal Health Care (UHC) Act prioritizes the provision of a comprehensive set of quality and accessible services. However, the devolution of health services has led to inequitable investments in healthcare resulting to disparities in health outcomes between areas. One of the strategies considered that could minimize these differences is the contracting out of health services to the private sector. This review focuses on mapping equity-related issues and concerns with regard to contracting out health services. Methods: A modified systematic search of literature using published journal articles through PubMed and Google Scholar and other pertinent reports and manuals was conducted on issues of equity and health service contracting. Results and Discussion: There is currently a dearth of literature on the effect of contracting services on health equity outcomes, particularly on the impact of contracting out on equity. Limited studies showed that contracting out can potentially improve equity by increasing service utilization. Mechanisms on how contracting out could potentially affect equity were also found. Results mainly suggest that concrete steps should be taken to ensure equitable access and improvement in health outcomes among population subgroups. To provide a framework in applying possible insights from the review, discussion of the literature review was framed in the context of establishing performance-based contracting. It was emphasized that including representatives from the underserved populations and patient groups during stakeholder consultations were crucial to provide localized context for the inclusive development of contracting arrangements. Other strategies that were highlighted included: establishing monitoring systems that disaggregate data between groups, selecting contractors that have the capacity to reach and provide services to the underserved, and making sure that these contractors are also open to data sharing for economic evaluation of services. Conclusion and Recommendations Despite the paucity of data on the impact of contracting out services on equity, mechanisms explaining the effect of contracting on equity were put forward and illustrated. These findings can be considered by policy makers and program developers in the operationalization of service agreements between the public and private sectors.
Health Equity ; Contract Services ; Health Services

In accordance with the Republic Act (RA) 11036, also known as the Mental Health Act of 2017, the Department of Health (DOH) was tasked to "establish a balanced system of community-based and hospital-based mental health services at all levels of the public health care system from the barangay, municipal, city, provincial, regional to the national level." It is also expected that the Local Government Units (LGUs) "promote deinstitutionalization and other recovery-based approaches to the delivery of mental health care services."1 Even before RA 11036 was enacted, the Davao Center for Health Development (DCHD) had already facilitated the establishment of several Community-Based Mental Health Programs (CBMHPs) in rural health units (RHUs) within the region since 2015. These programs are guided by six principles–coordinated level of referral system for better patient care, optimizing the expertise of the regional mental hub to guarantee rational use of drugs, community-based patient care for a more cost-effective treatment, capitalizing family and patient's support groups for better patient outcomes, optimizing innovative long-acting injections for better compliance and decreased relapse, and neutralizing the stigma against schizophrenia to improve mental health.2 The aim of this article is to recommend health care policies based on the report on observations and lessons learned from the implementation of the CBMHPs by the DCHD in four municipalities in Davao Region.
Community Health Services ; Mental Health Services

The conception of health care or health services socialization was the first mentioned in the resolution of the fourth conference held by the seventh Party Central Committee. In the last twelve years, we reached many achievements in order to translate the policy of health services socialization into reality: People have many improvements in terms of self-defense consciousness and health care. There are many new organizational forms: health insurance, charity fund, health care fund for the poor. Besides public health establishments, there are many private health establishments with various economic forms. However, the socialization of health services has many limits: the contrary of market mechanism put new pressures on health sector. On the other hand, health establishments lack of budget to pay essential health services
Health Services ; Socialization

The study was carried out on 5,579 households of 28 rural communes, among them 1,463 households had olders. The needs of medical service were very high (prevalence of self-reported illness was 1.8-2.4 times a year). Prevalence of olders who accessed clean water was very low, and the rate of medical insurance cover was 10.96%. Access time of local infirmaries was 12.3 minutes, of private drugstores was 11.1 minutes, and of hospitals was 14 minutes. The average cost of 1 illness course was 134,500VND. It’s necessary to strengthen communication about drug use, to increase amount of physicians in local infirmaries, and to promote local medical services.
Health Services ; Aged ; Epidemiology

In the period from 1995 to 2001, the rate of self medication without medical advice was in the trend of reduce. The health care trended to increase and to stabilize in the communal health station. The cost of treatment had increased rapidly in all forms of health care, may be due to the increasing price of medicines, the use of many medicaments and of high technique equipments of diagnosis. Authors proposed the support to communal health station for promoting the capacity of health care in this level most closed to the population, the most economized for people, especially for the poor. The assignment of qualified physicians to basic health care level and the health insurance will play a very important role.
Health Services ; Commerce ; Diagnosis

A descriptive cross sectional study was performed on 11547 households (with 35832 persons aged ≥ 15, including 16734 males and 19095 females) in Ba Vi district, Ha Tay province. Among them 559 had a more than 3 weeks long cough without difference between 2 genders. More male subjects had got health insurance than female subjects. There were differences between 2 genders in considering other symptoms. Their majority were peasants. ** rate was higher in female than in male. The course of cough was long in male than in female subjects. Various factors such as the age, the living economic condition, moving measure, did not exert statistically significant influence. Private health facilities and home self treatment were the common services in use. For female subjects more services were used but with less quality than male
Health Services ; Cough ; Patients

The investigation was conducted in 5 departments including internal, surgical, obstetrical and pediatric department and consultation rooms at Viet Duc hospital, St Paul Hospital, Hanoi obstetric Hospital and Gia Lam general Hospital in 1999-2002 period. The overloading status was noted in all departments. In the internal sector, overload was at highest in Gia Lam hospital, and in surgical consultation sector, a physician met 25.5 - 33.5 patients per day
Hospitals ; Health Services ; epidemiology