BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent condition affecting women of reproductive age, characterized by metabolic, endocrine, and reproductive disturbances including insulin resistance, abnormal uterine bleeding, infertility, and hyperandrogenism, and is associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The etiology of PCOS is unclear and exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) present in everyday products may play a role by disrupting hormonal pathways. OBJECTIVES: To determine the association between exposure to EDC-containing products, sociodemographic factors, and PCOS diagnosis among nonpregnant reproductive-aged women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A survey assessed the frequency of EDC exposure in homes and workplaces. The Rotterdam Criteria were used for the diagnosis of PCO features with clinical history and ultrasound. The association between PCOS and EDC exposure was determined using Chi-square and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The study identified significant sociodemographic factors associated with PCOS (P < 0.001) including age, civil status, and household income. Increased likelihood of PCOS was linked to frequent use of scented candles (odds ratio [OR] = 2.07), cleaning sprays (OR = 2.28), and floor polish (OR = 2.07), exposure to new upholstered furniture (OR = 4.00), thermal receipts (OR = 2.16), and consumption of microwaved and processed foods (OR = 2.60), as well as water sourced from wells (OR = 7.69). Additional associations were found with access to public markets (OR = 0.26) and the use of paper food wrappers (OR = 1.72). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that frequent exposure to EDC-containing products and certain sociodemographic factors may contribute to the development of PCOS among women of reproductive age. Results underscore the importance of reducing exposure to EDCs to prevent or mitigate the development of PCOS and other reproductive consequences.
Female

This paper will focus only on the recommendations or guidelines on the evaluation for female infertility. Most of the recommendations were based on the Fertility Assessment and Treatment for People with Fertility Problems Guideline by the National Institute for Clinical Excellence.
Human ; Female ; INFERTILITY, FEMALE

No abstract available.
Female ; Female* ; Genitalia, Female* ; Humans ; Incidence*

Jellyfish dermatitis was characterized by purpuric papules or tiny vesicles arranged linearly with a color ranging from pink to red to brown. A 24-year-old woman presented with multiple whiplash-like erythematous lesions of 5-hours duration on both legs after contact with a jellyfish at a Korean seashore.
Female ; Humans

Sebaceous epithelioma is a rare skin appendage tumor with sebaceous differentiation and appears as yellow papules, nodules, or plaques, most commonly in areas with large numbers of sebaceous glands, such as the face. Histopathologically, sebaceous epitheliomas are composed of circumscribed nodules consisting predominantly of basaloid cells and foci of sebaceous differentiation. We report a case of sebaceous epithelioma which appeared as a yellowish to erythematous patch on the forehead in a 55-year-old woman.
Female ; Humans

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is a rare genodermatosis characterized by disseminated infection by human papillomavirus (HPV) and malignant transformation of the lesions in about half of the patients. Immunocompromised states, such as AIDS, renal transplantation, and systemic lupus erythematous, have been associated with EV. A 51-year-old woman taking oral prednisolone for lupus nephritis for about 20 years presented with multiple flat scaly red-brown macules on the whole body for 2 years. On past history, she had an operation on cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 6 months ago and was additionally diagnosed with vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia 3 months ago. Histopathologic examination on the skin lesion revealed typical findings of EV. We, herein, report an unusual case of EV combined with vulvar and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in a chronic immunocompromised state.
Female ; Humans

Absence of one tube and a corresponding ovary is very rare anomaly.We reported a case of absence of one tube and a corresponding ovary and reviewthe literature briefly.
Female ; Ovary*

No abstract available.
Female ; Mammaplasty*

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Endometriosis* ; Female