No abstract available.
Condoms* ; Education* ; Humans ; Intention*

From Feb.2002 to 31 Dec.2003, HaTay Preventive Medicine Centre developed a pilote model encouraging an ubiquitous (100%) use of condom in some entertainment establishments in HaDong and SonTay. The rate of condom users enhanced among sex workers from 78% to 95%; the quantity of condoms sold in those entertainment places increased, the incidence of STD decreased in the group of entertainment receivers and sex workers, blenorhage from 17,8% to 11,2%, flagellosis 16,4% to 5,2%, syphilis 0,28% to 0,176%, HIV infection 2% to 1%
Condoms ; risk factors ; epidemiology

With remarkable progress in upper GI endoscopy; it has been applied to therapeutid purpose. ln this paper, we present one suceessful case of endoscopic extraction of BADUG STONE by biopsy forceps and contraceytive condom., Using a biopsy forceps and condom inserted through the fiberscope, BADUG STONE' was eaaily made to roll into the self-opening trawl net' and safly removed.
Biopsy ; Condoms* ; Endoscopy ; Surgical Instruments

No abstract available.
Condoms* ; Humans ; Intention* ; Sex Education*

According to the situation of 34 batches of natural rubber latex condoms tested by our center in 2018, the unqualified items in the product inspection items and the exploratory research results of D4 and D5 content in silicone oil lubricants are analyzed. We make recommendations on product technical requirements or standards to strengthen the quality supervision of products.
Condoms/standards* ; Latex ; Silicone Oils

Study was carried out with 480 long road drivers, 5,2% of these drivers had used the drug. Among them 24% were intravenous drug users within 12 months. Among them 78,7% had at least one sexpartner. 97,7% used condom in the last intercourse with sexworker and 25,8% with their wife or girlfriend and 40% with sudden sex partner. These data must be referred at once in HIV control.
Epidemiology ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Condoms ; Coitus

Designed a contrast pinhole detect testing including water leak method, electrical method and improved electrical method, and concluded that the water leak method is most suitable as the arbitration method, and recommended the national standard add the requirement on electrolytic liquid filling volume of electrical test in order to improve detection accuracy.
Condoms ; Latex ; Materials Testing ; methods ; Rubber

It was found that several problems exist in the implementation of GB 7544-2004 in the aspects of requirements of natural latex materials and safety of rubber condom products, microorganisms to be controlled and the packaging and label. As a result, the suggestions were put forward.
Condoms ; standards ; Latex ; Materials Testing ; standards ; Rubber

OBJECTIVETo explore whether condom use is influenced by power relation in commercial sex behaviors.

METHODSVariables were designed to measure the power relation in commercial sex behaviors based on the theory of gender and power relation and data were collected from male sexually transmitted diseases (STD) patients and female commercial sex workers (FSWs) working at recreation centers or being detained in a women education center to identify the relationship between condom use and power relation in male and female respondents using bivariate and multiple regression analysis.

RESULTSA significant relationship was identified between power relation and female condom use, the higher the score of power relations, the higher frequency the condom use, but no similar result was found in males. Females got a higher score of power relation than males.

CONCLUSIONSPower relation is one of the factors that influence condom use, which should be considered when relevant theories are used to study the rate of condom use. It is worthwhile exploring the relationship between safe sex and power relation in spouses and regular sex partners when interventions are adopted to prevent HIV/AIDS spreading from high risk groups to the general population.

It is generally accepted that, after vasectomy, the sperm remaining in the reservoirs and distal ductal system are gradually expelled with each ejaculation, eventually resulting in a sperm-free ejaculate. Therefore, vasectomy for the purpose of contraception should be considered successful only when the ejaculate becomes completely free of sperm. The criteria of the procedure which have been used after the operation to determine when the ejaculate becomes sperm-free are quite variable from a minimum of one ejaculation to a maximum of 16 ejaculations with 2 sperm-free specimens. Thus, no previous study has determined the exact number of ejaculates required to produce azoospermia following bilateral vasectomy Under these circumstances, the author has performed studies on residual sperm in the distal ductal system following vasectomy. In order to determine the exact end point of azoospermia on Korean male after vasectomy, 1 preoperative semen analysis, and more than 10 postoperative seven analyses are performed on 100 vasectomized volunteers. These 100 volunteers are devided into two groups 1) Pre., and post-operative semen test group, consists of 50 cases. 2) Postoperative semen test group, comprises of 50 cases. The subjects are requested to collect semen specimens at home or at doctor's office in test tubes or condomes provided by the doctor the night before or just before the operation for the pre-, and post. operative semen tests. The subjects are received 10 condoms or tubes after the operation for post. operative semen tests. Semen analyses are carried out by standard method. When there are too few cells observed, less than 100,000 sperm per ml, the number of sperm per low power field of the microscope is estimated by taking an average number found in each of 10 fields of the microscope. In cases of an absence of sperm, more than 50 fields of low power of the microscope are carefully searched. One spermatozoon of low power field is tentatively estimated at 50,000 sperm per ml. .Semen specimens are collected every 5 days about 7 days after the vasectomy. 3) Non-vasectomized semen tests group, consists of 10 cases Besides the above mentioned two groups, ten non-vasectomized normal men are requested to collect 7 daily successive semen specimens as a control group. By way of conclusion, the results of the present study are summarized as follows: l) The rate of sperm disappearance after vasectomy related directly to the number of ejaculations. 2) In pre-, and post-operative sperm test group, all the subjects were less than l million per ml of sperm after 6 ejaculations, and 88 per cent of the subjects were sperm-free after 10 ejaculations postoperatively. 3) In post-operative sperm test group. all the subjects were less than l million per ml. of sperm after 7 ejaculations, and 86 percent of the subjects were sperm-free after 10 ejaculations postoperatively. 4) Sixty-five per cent of the sperm in non-vasectomized ordinary man came from the proximal vasa to the suspected point of vasectomy and epididymis 5) First specimen after vasectomy contained 35 per cent of the sperm found in the preoperative specimen. 6) Percentage decline in sperm output with each successive semen specimen was steady and regular, since the each specimen contained 35 per cent of the sperm of the specimen preceding it.
Azoospermia ; Condoms ; Contraception ; Ejaculation ; Epididymis ; Humans ; Male ; Semen ; Semen Analysis ; Spermatozoa* ; Vasectomy ; Volunteers